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Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
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July-2017 Volume 14 Issue 1

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International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

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International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

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Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

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Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

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Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

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Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

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Review

Early diagnosis of venous thromboembolism as a clinical primary symptom of occult cancer: Core proteins of a venous thrombus (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Siwan Wen
    • Qianglin Duan
    • Fan Yang
    • Guiyuan Li
    • Lemin Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Cardiology, Tongji University Affiliated to Tongji Hospital, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongji University Affiliated to Tongji Hospital, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China, Department of Oncology, Tongji University Affiliated to Tongji Hospital, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
  • Pages: 491-496
    |
    Published online on: May 16, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6175
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Abstract

Malignancy is one of the risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE). As a common accompanying factor of malignant tumors, almost 20% of idiopathic VTEs are identified in patients with occult types of cancer as the primary symptom. The type of internal association that exists between malignant tumors and VTE has not yet been determined. The present review discusses the following: i) Reversible combinations between core proteins of venous thrombi and their ligand proteins. With the condition of immune cell balancing function collapse, which is characterized as dysfunction immune cells and impaired immune functions, the human body loses the function of eliminating infectious/malignant cells quickly and effectively. Thus, integrins β2 and β3 on the membrane of platelets and white blood cells are activated to combine with fibrinogen ligands to form an intravenous mesh‑like structure, which acts as an intravenous biological filter that prevents infectious/malignant cells from flowing back into the circulatory system. During the defense process, blood cells (mainly red blood cells) stagnate and fill the filter, which results in venous thrombotic diseases. ii) Tumor cells, which cannot be eliminated quickly, proliferate and invade; or ischemic necrosis destroys peripheral tissues and vessels (veins and arteries), resulting in the formation of a biological filter in injured veins. The filter is filled with stranded tumor cells, which prevents the hemorrhagic metastasis of malignant cells. The formation of an intravenous biological filter results from the transition of the body's own defense capabilities, which is also a physical/histopathological phenomenon. iii) An increase in the number of core proteins in a venous thrombus is a basic molecular step in the formation of intravenous biological filters, which is also defined as a marker of the newly initiated defensive barrier. Increased levels of integrins β1, β2 and β3 are useful in not only the specific diagnosis of VTE, but also in the early recognition of occult malignant tumors in idiopathic VTE patients.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wen S, Duan Q, Yang F, Li G and Wang L: Early diagnosis of venous thromboembolism as a clinical primary symptom of occult cancer: Core proteins of a venous thrombus (Review). Oncol Lett 14: 491-496, 2017.
APA
Wen, S., Duan, Q., Yang, F., Li, G., & Wang, L. (2017). Early diagnosis of venous thromboembolism as a clinical primary symptom of occult cancer: Core proteins of a venous thrombus (Review). Oncology Letters, 14, 491-496. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6175
MLA
Wen, S., Duan, Q., Yang, F., Li, G., Wang, L."Early diagnosis of venous thromboembolism as a clinical primary symptom of occult cancer: Core proteins of a venous thrombus (Review)". Oncology Letters 14.1 (2017): 491-496.
Chicago
Wen, S., Duan, Q., Yang, F., Li, G., Wang, L."Early diagnosis of venous thromboembolism as a clinical primary symptom of occult cancer: Core proteins of a venous thrombus (Review)". Oncology Letters 14, no. 1 (2017): 491-496. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6175
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wen S, Duan Q, Yang F, Li G and Wang L: Early diagnosis of venous thromboembolism as a clinical primary symptom of occult cancer: Core proteins of a venous thrombus (Review). Oncol Lett 14: 491-496, 2017.
APA
Wen, S., Duan, Q., Yang, F., Li, G., & Wang, L. (2017). Early diagnosis of venous thromboembolism as a clinical primary symptom of occult cancer: Core proteins of a venous thrombus (Review). Oncology Letters, 14, 491-496. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6175
MLA
Wen, S., Duan, Q., Yang, F., Li, G., Wang, L."Early diagnosis of venous thromboembolism as a clinical primary symptom of occult cancer: Core proteins of a venous thrombus (Review)". Oncology Letters 14.1 (2017): 491-496.
Chicago
Wen, S., Duan, Q., Yang, F., Li, G., Wang, L."Early diagnosis of venous thromboembolism as a clinical primary symptom of occult cancer: Core proteins of a venous thrombus (Review)". Oncology Letters 14, no. 1 (2017): 491-496. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6175
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