Relapsed anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive large B-cell lymphoma expressed cluster of differentiation 4 and cytokeratin: An initially misdiagnosed case corrected by immunoglobulin κ locus gene rearrangement detection

Shi,Yunfei; Li,Xianghong; Song,Yuqin; Zhou,Lixin; Feng,Qin; Wang,Ping; Zhang,Chen; Liu,Weiping; Bai,Yanhua; Lai,Yumei

doi:10.3892/ol.2017.6180

Relapsed anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive large B-cell lymphoma expressed cluster of differentiation 4 and cytokeratin: An initially misdiagnosed case corrected by immunoglobulin κ locus gene rearrangement detection

Authors:
- Yunfei Shi
- Xianghong Li
- Yuqin Song
- Lixin Zhou
- Qin Feng
- Ping Wang
- Chen Zhang
- Weiping Liu
- Yanhua Bai
- Yumei Lai
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Affiliations: Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China, Department of Lymphoma, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
Published online on: May 17, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6180
Pages: 787-791
Copyright: © Shi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) is a rare lymphoma subtype. The present study investigated a refractory nodal ALK‑positive LBCL case in a 28-year-old Chinese male. It was initially misdiagnosed as ALK‑positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma; however, the patient's lesions relapsed and spread widely following a short remission for chemotherapy and the patient succumbed to the disease 3 months' post‑autologous stem cell transplantation; thus, a revision was performed. Histologically, the tumor cells exhibited a characteristic immunoblastic morphology with marked cellular pleomorphism. All lesions shared the same immunoprofiles, including granular cytoplasmic ALK staining patterns and a lack of cell lineage‑associated markers, with the exception of cluster of differentiation (CD)45 and CD4. CD30 expression was revealed to be negative and CD138 staining was observed to be positive, additionally, cytokeratin was expressed aberrantly in a relapsed tumor biopsy. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies demonstrated breakage and extra copies of the ALK gene in ≥30% of cells. Final clarification was provided by the detection of immunoglobulin κ locus (IGK) gene rearrangement in clonality studies [but notimmunoglobulin heavy locus (IGH) and immunoglobulin λ locus (IGL) genes]. This aggressive entity requires distinct modalities of standard treatment, and may be ignored owing to its rarity in routine pathology laboratories. BIOMED‑2 polymerase chain reaction assays, including for IGH, IGK and IGL genes, are essential for the detection of gene rearrangement.

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