Upregulated long non-coding RNA SBF2-AS1 promotes proliferation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Chen,Rui; Xia,Wenjia; Wang,Xiaoxiao; Qiu,Mantang; Yin,Rong; Wang,Siwei; Xi,Xiaoxiang; Wang,Jie; Xu,Youtao; Dong,Gaochao; Xu,Lin; De,Wei

doi:10.3892/ol.2018.7968

Upregulated long non-coding RNA SBF2-AS1 promotes proliferation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Authors:
- Rui Chen
- Wenjia Xia
- Xiaoxiao Wang
- Mantang Qiu
- Rong Yin
- Siwei Wang
- Xiaoxiang Xi
- Jie Wang
- Youtao Xu
- Gaochao Dong
- Lin Xu
- Wei De
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Affiliations: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China, Department of GCP Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taixing People's Hospital, The Affiliated Taixing Hospital of Yangzhou University, Taixing, Jiangsu 225400, P.R. China, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
Published online on: February 6, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.7968
Pages: 5071-5080

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Abstract

Esophageal cancer is one of the most common types of malignant tumors located within the digestive system, with >50% of esophageal cancer cases worldwide occurring in China. Recent studies have demonstrated that long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are frequently dysregulated in cancer; however, few lncRNAs have been characterized in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In the present study, a novel lncRNA, SET‑binding factor 2 (SBF2) antisense RNA1 (SBF2‑AS1) was exhibited in ESCC. Expression levels of SBF2‑AS1 in ESCC and adjacent non‑cancerous tissues were detected using the reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. SBF2‑AS1 was knocked down, and proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis and the cell cycle were examined in ESCC cells. Results identified that SBF2‑AS1 was significantly upregulated in ESCC compared with adjacent non‑cancerous tissues (fold increase, 8.82; P=0.023). The SBF2‑AS1 expression level was significantly increased in patients who had a smoking (9.927 vs. 4.507; P=0.030) and/or drinking (10.938 vs. 4.232; P=0.032) history. Patients with a large tumor size exhibited increased SBF2‑AS1 expression (≥4 vs. <4 cm, 14.898 vs. 5.435; P=0.018). Patients with advanced ESCC exhibited increased upregulation of SBF2‑AS1 [tumor‑node‑metastasis (TNM) I‑II vs. TNM III‑IV, 1.302 vs. 15.475; P<0.01]. SBF2‑AS1 was also silenced using small interfering RNA. Cell proliferative and invasive ability were significantly inhibited (P<0.05) following SBF2‑AS1 silencing, the cell cycle was arrested in the G2 phase; however, there was no significant difference in the proportion of apoptotic cells. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that genes associated with cell cycle biological processes, including the cancer suppressor gene cyclin‑dependent kinase 1A (CDKN1A), were significantly associated with SBF2‑AS1 in ESCC tissues. Further validation confirmed that CDKN1A expression levels were increased in ECA‑109 cells following SBF2‑AS1 silencing. The results of the present study demonstrate that SBF2‑AS1 is significantly upregulated in ESCC, and that silencing of SBF2‑AS1 inhibits the proliferative and invasive ability of ESCC cells. SBF2‑AS1 may be a novel biomarker and therefore a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.

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