Downregulated expression of human leukocyte antigen class I heavy chain is associated with poor prognosis in non‑small‑cell lung cancer

Ichinokawa,Kazuomi; Nakanishi,Yoshitsugu; Hida,Yasuhiro; Tsuchikawa,Takahiro; Kato,Tatsuya; Itoh,Tomoo; Kaji,Mitsuhito; Kaga,Kichizo; Hirano,Satoshi

doi:10.3892/ol.2019.10293

Downregulated expression of human leukocyte antigen class I heavy chain is associated with poor prognosis in non‑small‑cell lung cancer

Authors:
- Kazuomi Ichinokawa
- Yoshitsugu Nakanishi
- Yasuhiro Hida
- Takahiro Tsuchikawa
- Tatsuya Kato
- Tomoo Itoh
- Mitsuhito Kaji
- Kichizo Kaga
- Satoshi Hirano
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Affiliations: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8638, Japan, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8638, Japan, Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8648, Japan, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapporo Minami Sanjo Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑0063, Japan
Published online on: April 30, 2019 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10293
Pages: 117-126

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to clarify the association between expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I in non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and patient survival. To address this, immunohistochemical staining for HLA class I was performed on specimens from 111 patients with NSCLC, and overall survival curves were compared using the log‑rank test. In addition, multivariate analyses were performed using Cox's proportional hazard model. The cases were divided into 5 classes based on the expression of HLA class I heavy chain and β2‑microglobulin. The overall survival rate for patients with tumors lacking HLA class I heavy chain (30 cases; 27.0%) was significantly decreased. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that the absence of HLA class I heavy chain was an independent predictor of poor prognosis. There was a trend towards an unfavorable prognosis for patients whose tumors did not express β2‑microglobulin (57 cases; 51.4%). Downregulation of HLA class I heavy chain expression was significantly associated with the downregulation of β2‑microglobulin. Cases lacking HLA class I heavy chain as well as β2‑microglobulin expression (23 cases; 20.7%) had a statistically significant unfavorable prognosis compared with other cases. The present findings demonstrate that the lack of HLA class I heavy chain expression in tumor cells is an independent prognostic factor for poor NSCLC survival, and is likely to exert an important influence on immune surveillance in patients.

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