Iodine promotes thyroid cancer development via SPANXA1 through the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway

Yang,Xiaoyao; Sun,Jingxue; Han,Jun; Sun,Lulu; Wang,Hongzhi; Zhang,Dexin; Fang,Qingxiao; Liu,Jiapeng; Qiao,Hong

doi:10.3892/ol.2019.10391

Iodine promotes thyroid cancer development via SPANXA1 through the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway

Authors:
- Xiaoyao Yang
- Jingxue Sun
- Jun Han
- Lulu Sun
- Hongzhi Wang
- Dexin Zhang
- Qingxiao Fang
- Jiapeng Liu
- Hong Qiao
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Affiliations: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China, Department of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
Published online on: May 21, 2019 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10391
Pages: 637-644
Copyright: © Yang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of iodine on the development of thyroid cancer cells and to detect the underlying mechanisms. It was observed that proliferation was promoted and apoptosis was inhibited in cells treated with iodine at a specific concentration. This treatment group was then selected for further analysis, to investigate how iodine affects the development of thyroid cancer cells. It was reported that sperm protein associated with the nucleus, X‑linked, family member A1 (SPANXA1) expression in iodine‑treated cells was significantly upregulated. Furthermore, downregulation of SPANXA1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis. These results suggested that SPANXA1 played an important role in iodine‑treated thyroid cancer cells. Novel associations between SPANXA1 and thyroid cancer were described in the current study. In addition, SPANXA1 gene silencing resulted in the downregulation of PI3K and phosphorylated (p)AKT expression in iodine‑treated thyroid cancer cells, whereas iodine treatment alone resulted in upregulated PI3K and p‑AKT expression. Inhibiting PI3K further suppressed cell proliferation and contributed to apoptosis, even in the presence of SPANXA1 at high levels. As a consequence, PI3K/AKT may be one of the key signalling pathways by which iodine promotes thyroid cancer development in association with SPANXA1. In addition, our results further suggested that patients with thyroid cancer may need to avoid high‑iodine intake.

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