Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
September-2019 Volume 18 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2019 Volume 18 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Helical and kinase domain mutations of PIK3CA, and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer

  • Authors:
    • Chittibabu Vatte
    • Ali Mohammed Al Amri
    • Cyril Cyrus
    • Shahanas Chathoth
    • Ahmed Alsayyah
    • Arafat Ahmad
    • Mohammed Shakil Akhtar
    • Nada Fehaid Alrashidi
    • Nithya Jayaseeli
    • Hamed Al Wadani
    • Alhussain Al Zahrani
    • Amein Kadhem Al Ali
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al‑Khobar 31952, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Department of Pathology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al‑Khobar 31952, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Department of Surgery, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Al‑Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
    Copyright: © Vatte et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
  • Pages: 2427-2433
    |
    Published online on: July 4, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10565
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the major causes of female morbidity and mortality, accounting for ~25% of the total cancer cases in women. Phosphatidylinositol‑4,5‑bisphosphate 3‑kinase catalytic α subunit (PIK3CA) mutations serve a major role in downstream signaling of receptor tyrosine kinases. The present study aimed to elucidate the frequency of exon 9 and 20 mutations of PIK3CA and their role in disease progression. A total of 118 tumor samples from confirmed breast cancer patients were collected from the histopathology laboratory at King Fahd Hospital of the University (Al‑Khobar, Saudi Arabia). Sanger sequencing was performed on extracted DNA to identify the mutations on exons 9 and 20 of PIK3CA. The results were further validated by competitive allele‑specific TaqMan polymerase chain reaction. Three mutations, namely E542K and E545K within exon 9, and H1047R within exon 20, were observed in 25 patients (21.2%). Among these, 18 patients carried the H1047R mutation of the kinase domain, while the remaining 7 patients carried mutations in the helical domain. PIK3CA mutations were associated with the estrogen receptor‑positive/progesterone receptor‑positive (ER+/PR+) group of tumors in contrast to the ER‑/PR‑ group (P=0.021). Furthermore, it was observed that the PIK3CA mutation was associated with a poor disease prognosis. Taken together, the current study emphasized the potential of PIK3CA mutations as an important biomarker for breast cancer classification and the possible use of PIK3CA inhibitor as targeted therapy for breast cancer.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Ghoncheh M, Pournamdar Z and Salehiniya H: Incidence and mortality and epidemiology of breast cancer in the world. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 17:43–46. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Cizkova M, Dujaric ME, Lehmann-Che J, Scott V, Tembo O, Asselain B, Pierga JY, Marty M, de Cremoux P, Spyratos F and Bieche I: Outcome impact of PIK3CA mutations in HER2-positive breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab. Br J Cancer. 108:1807–1809. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Samuels Y, Wang Z, Bardelli A, Silliman N, Ptak J, Szabo S, Yan H, Gazdar A, Powell SM, Riggins GJ, et al: High frequency of mutations of the PIK3CA gene in human cancers. Science. 304:5542004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Pang B, Cheng S, Sun SP, An C, Liu ZY, Feng X and Liu GJ: Prognostic role of PIK3CA mutations and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer: A meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 4:62552014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Stemke-Hale K, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Lluch A, Neve RM, Kuo WL, Davies M, Carey M, Hu Z, Guan Y, Sahin A, et al: An integrative genomic and proteomic analysis of PIK3CA, PTEN, and AKT mutations in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 68:6084–6091. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Li SY, Rong M, Grieu F and Iacopetta B: PIK3CA mutations in breast cancer are associated with poor outcome. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 96:91–95. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Campbell RA, Bhat-Nakshatri P, Patel NM, Constantinidou D, Ali S and Nakshatri H: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT-mediated activation of estrogen receptor alpha: A new model for anti-estrogen resistance. J Biol Chem. 276:9817–9824. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Ellis MJ, Lin L, Crowder R, Tao Y, Hoog J, Snider J, Davies S, DeSchryver K, Evans DB, Steinseifer J, et al: Phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase alpha catalytic subunit mutation and response to neoadjuvant endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 119:379–390. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Lai YL, Mau BL, Cheng WH, Chen HM, Chiu HH and Tzen CY: PIK3CA exon 20 mutation is independently associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Ann Surg Oncol. 15:1064–1069. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Lerma E, Catasus L, Gallardo A, Peiro G, Alonso C, Aranda I, Barnadas A and Prat J: Exon 20 PIK3CA mutations decreases survival in aggressive (HER-2 positive) breast carcinomas. Virchows Arch. 453:133–139. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Maruyama N, Miyoshi Y, Taguchi T, Tamaki Y, Monden M and Noguchi S: Clinicopathologic analysis of breast cancers with PIK3CA mutations in Japanese women. Clin Cancer Res. 13:408–414. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Pérez-Tenorio G, Alkhori L, Olsson B, Waltersson MA, Nordenskjöld B, Rutqvist LE, Skoog L and Stål O: PIK3CA mutations and PTEN loss correlate with similar prognostic factors and are not mutually exclusive in breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 13:3577–3584. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Barbareschi M, Buttitta F, Felicioni L, Cotrupi S, Barassi F, Del Grammastro M, Ferro A, Dalla Palma P, Galligioni E and Marchetti A: Different prognostic roles of mutations in the helical and kinase domains of the PIK3CA gene in breast carcinomas. Clin Cancer Res. 13:6064–6069. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Ligresti G, Militello L, Steelman LS, Cavallaro A, Basile F, Nicoletti F, Stivala F, McCubrey JA and Libra M: PIK3CA mutations in human solid tumors: Role in sensitivity to various therapeutic approaches. Cell Cycle. 8:1352–1358. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Jensen JD, Knoop A, Laenkholm AV, Grauslund M, Jensen MB, Santoni-Rugiu E, Andersson M and Ewertz M: PIK3CA mutations, PTEN, and pHER2 expression and impact on outcome in HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab. Ann Oncol. 23:2034–2042. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Hashimoto K, Tsuda H, Koizumi F, Shimizu C, Yonemori K, Ando M, Kodaira M, Yunokawa M, Fujiwara Y and Tamura K: Activated PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways are potential good prognostic markers in node-positive, triple-negative breast cancer. Ann Oncol. 25:1973–1979. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Mukohara T: PI3K mutations in breast cancer: Prognostic and therapeutic implications. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press). 7:111–123. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

18 

Saal LH, Holm K, Maurer M, Memeo L, Su T, Wang X, Yu JS, Malmström PO, Mansukhani M, Enoksson J, et al: PIK3CA mutations correlate with hormone receptors, node metastasis, and ERBB2, and are mutually exclusive with PTEN loss in human breast carcinoma. Cancer Res. 65:2554–2559. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Mankoo PK, Sukumar S and Karchin R: PIK3CA somatic mutations in breast cancer: Mechanistic insights from Langevin dynamics simulations. Proteins. 75:499–508. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Zhao JJ, Liu Z, Wang L, Shin E, Loda MF and Roberts TM: The oncogenic properties of mutant p110alpha and p110beta phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases in human mammary epithelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 102:18443–18448. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Papaxoinis G, Kotoula V, Alexopoulou Z, Kalogeras KT, Zagouri F, Timotheadou E, Gogas H, Pentheroudakis G, Christodoulou C, Koutras A, et al: Significance of PIK3CA mutations in patients with early breast cancer treated with adjuvant chemotherapy: A Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group (HeCOG) study. PLoS One. 10:e01402932015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Cancer Incidence report Saudi Arabia 2014, . http://www.chs.gov.sa/En/HealthRecords/CancerRegistry/Pages/CancerRegistryRecords.aspx2014

23 

Zhang BN, Cao XC, Chen JY, Chen J, Fu L, Hu XC, Jiang ZF, Li HY, Liao N, Liu DG, et al: Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer (2011 edition). Gland Surg. 1:39–61. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

24 

Al-Amri AM, Vatte C, Cyrus C, Chathoth S, Hashim TM, Mohamed YS, Al Ali R, Alsaid A and Al Ali A: Novel mutations of PIK3CA gene in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biomark. 16:377–383. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Regad T: Targeting RTK signaling pathways in cancer. Cancers (Basel). 7:1758–1784. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Vatte C, Al Amri AM, Cyrus C, Chathoth S, Acharya S, Hashim TM, Al Ali Z, Alshreadah ST, Alsayyah A and Al-Ali AK: Tyrosine kinase domain mutations of EGFR gene in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther. 10:1527–1533. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Karakas B, Colak D, Kaya N, Ghebeh H, Al-Qasem A, Hendrayani F, Toulimat M, Al-Tweigeri T, Park BH and Aboussekhra A: Prevalence of PIK3CA mutations and the SNP rs17849079 in Arab breast cancer patients. Cancer Biol Ther. 14:888–896. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Beelen K, Opdam M, Severson TM, Koornstra RH, Vincent AD, Wesseling J, Muris JJ, Berns EM, Vermorken JB, van Diest PJ and Linn SC: PIK3CA mutations, phosphatase and tensin homolog, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor and adjuvant tamoxifen resistance in postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res. 16:R132014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Abramson VG, Cooper Lloyd M, Ballinger T, Sanders ME, Du L, Lai D, Su Z, Mayer I, Levy M, LaFrance DR, et al: Characterization of breast cancers with PI3K mutations in an academic practice setting using SNaPshot profiling. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 145:389–399. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Diekstra A, Bosgoed E, Rikken A, van Lier B, Kamsteeg EJ, Tychon M, Derks RC, van Soest RA, Mensenkamp AR, Scheffer H, et al: Translating sanger-based routine DNA diagnostics into generic massive parallel ion semiconductor sequencing. Clin Chem. 61:154–162. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Vatte C, Al Amri AM, Cyrus C, Chathoth S, Alsayyah A, Ahmad A, Akhtar MS, Alrashidi NF, Jayaseeli N, Al Wadani H, Al Wadani H, et al: Helical and kinase domain mutations of PIK3CA, and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer. Oncol Lett 18: 2427-2433, 2019.
APA
Vatte, C., Al Amri, A.M., Cyrus, C., Chathoth, S., Alsayyah, A., Ahmad, A. ... Al Ali, A.K. (2019). Helical and kinase domain mutations of PIK3CA, and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer. Oncology Letters, 18, 2427-2433. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10565
MLA
Vatte, C., Al Amri, A. M., Cyrus, C., Chathoth, S., Alsayyah, A., Ahmad, A., Akhtar, M. S., Alrashidi, N. F., Jayaseeli, N., Al Wadani, H., Al Zahrani, A., Al Ali, A. K."Helical and kinase domain mutations of PIK3CA, and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer". Oncology Letters 18.3 (2019): 2427-2433.
Chicago
Vatte, C., Al Amri, A. M., Cyrus, C., Chathoth, S., Alsayyah, A., Ahmad, A., Akhtar, M. S., Alrashidi, N. F., Jayaseeli, N., Al Wadani, H., Al Zahrani, A., Al Ali, A. K."Helical and kinase domain mutations of PIK3CA, and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer". Oncology Letters 18, no. 3 (2019): 2427-2433. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10565
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Vatte C, Al Amri AM, Cyrus C, Chathoth S, Alsayyah A, Ahmad A, Akhtar MS, Alrashidi NF, Jayaseeli N, Al Wadani H, Al Wadani H, et al: Helical and kinase domain mutations of PIK3CA, and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer. Oncol Lett 18: 2427-2433, 2019.
APA
Vatte, C., Al Amri, A.M., Cyrus, C., Chathoth, S., Alsayyah, A., Ahmad, A. ... Al Ali, A.K. (2019). Helical and kinase domain mutations of PIK3CA, and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer. Oncology Letters, 18, 2427-2433. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10565
MLA
Vatte, C., Al Amri, A. M., Cyrus, C., Chathoth, S., Alsayyah, A., Ahmad, A., Akhtar, M. S., Alrashidi, N. F., Jayaseeli, N., Al Wadani, H., Al Zahrani, A., Al Ali, A. K."Helical and kinase domain mutations of PIK3CA, and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer". Oncology Letters 18.3 (2019): 2427-2433.
Chicago
Vatte, C., Al Amri, A. M., Cyrus, C., Chathoth, S., Alsayyah, A., Ahmad, A., Akhtar, M. S., Alrashidi, N. F., Jayaseeli, N., Al Wadani, H., Al Zahrani, A., Al Ali, A. K."Helical and kinase domain mutations of PIK3CA, and their association with hormone receptor expression in breast cancer". Oncology Letters 18, no. 3 (2019): 2427-2433. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10565
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team