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Article Open Access

TOX3 is a favorable prognostic indicator and potential immunomodulatory factor in lung adenocarcinoma

  • Authors:
    • De Zeng
    • Haoyu Lin
    • Jianxiong Cui
    • Weiquan Liang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515000, P.R. China, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Zeng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 4144-4152
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    Published online on: August 16, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10748
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Abstract

Thymocyte selection‑associated high mobility group box (TOX) genes represent a novel family of genes. Deregulated expression of TOXs has been reported in a variety of cancer types, including lung cancer. It has also been reported that TOXs are crucial regulators of the immune system. The present study systematically evaluated the prognostic values of TOX family members using a set of publicly accessible databases, including Oncomine, Kaplan‑Meier plotter and cBioPortal. It was revealed that TOX expression profiles differed between lung cancer and normal tissues, and high expression of TOX mRNAs generally predicted improved survival outcomes. Notably, TOX3 expression was significantly increased in lung adenocarcinoma, compared with other pathological subtypes of lung cancer. Survival analysis demonstrated that elevated TOX3 expression was significantly associated with improved progression‑free and overall survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, correlation analysis indicated that TOX3 expression was negatively correlated with the expression of programmed death‑1 receptor (PD‑1), PD‑ligand 1 and Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2 in lung adenocarcinoma. These results indicated that TOX3 is a prognostic indicator and promising immunomodulatory factor in lung adenocarcinoma. Future studies investigating the role of TOX3 in lung cancer immunity are warranted.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zeng D, Lin H, Cui J and Liang W: TOX3 is a favorable prognostic indicator and potential immunomodulatory factor in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 18: 4144-4152, 2019.
APA
Zeng, D., Lin, H., Cui, J., & Liang, W. (2019). TOX3 is a favorable prognostic indicator and potential immunomodulatory factor in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncology Letters, 18, 4144-4152. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10748
MLA
Zeng, D., Lin, H., Cui, J., Liang, W."TOX3 is a favorable prognostic indicator and potential immunomodulatory factor in lung adenocarcinoma". Oncology Letters 18.4 (2019): 4144-4152.
Chicago
Zeng, D., Lin, H., Cui, J., Liang, W."TOX3 is a favorable prognostic indicator and potential immunomodulatory factor in lung adenocarcinoma". Oncology Letters 18, no. 4 (2019): 4144-4152. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10748
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zeng D, Lin H, Cui J and Liang W: TOX3 is a favorable prognostic indicator and potential immunomodulatory factor in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 18: 4144-4152, 2019.
APA
Zeng, D., Lin, H., Cui, J., & Liang, W. (2019). TOX3 is a favorable prognostic indicator and potential immunomodulatory factor in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncology Letters, 18, 4144-4152. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10748
MLA
Zeng, D., Lin, H., Cui, J., Liang, W."TOX3 is a favorable prognostic indicator and potential immunomodulatory factor in lung adenocarcinoma". Oncology Letters 18.4 (2019): 4144-4152.
Chicago
Zeng, D., Lin, H., Cui, J., Liang, W."TOX3 is a favorable prognostic indicator and potential immunomodulatory factor in lung adenocarcinoma". Oncology Letters 18, no. 4 (2019): 4144-4152. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10748
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