Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
December-2019 Volume 18 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
December-2019 Volume 18 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

miR‑203a‑3p.1 is involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation by directly targeting Smad9 in MM‑MSCs

  • Authors:
    • Fang‑Yi Fan
    • Rui Deng
    • Ling Qiu
    • Qin Wen
    • Yunjing Zeng
    • Li Gao
    • Chen Zhang
    • Peiyan Kong
    • Jiangfan Zhong
    • Ningyu Zeng
    • Zhengyu Li
    • Yi Su
    • Xi Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China, Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China, Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Fan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 6339-6346
    |
    Published online on: October 17, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10994
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of bone development and regeneration. The aim of the present study was to determine whether miR‑203a‑3p.1 is involved in osteogenic differentiation of multiple myeloma (MM)‑mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the potential underlying mechanism. MSCs were isolated from patients with MM and normal subjects and confirmed by flow cytometry using specific surface markers. The osteogenic differentiation capacity of MM‑MSCs was identified by Alizarin Red S calcium deposition staining and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR) of typical osteoblast differentiation markers. The role of miR‑203a‑3p.1 in the osteoblast differentiation of MM‑MSCs was determined by gain or loss of function experiments. The target of miR‑203a‑3p.1 was identified using bioinformatics (including the miRNA target prediction database TargetScan, miRDB, DIANA TOOLS and venny 2.1.0), luciferase reporter assay, RT‑qPCR and western blotting. The expression levels of proteins involved in the Wnt3a/β‑catenin signaling pathway were detected by western blot analysis. The results revealed that the osteogenic differentiation capacity of MM‑MSCs was reduced when compared with normal (N)‑MSCs, as demonstrated by a decrease in calcium deposition and mRNA expression of typical osteoblast differentiation markers, including ALP, OPN and OC. In addition, miR‑203a‑3p.1 was downregulated in N‑MSCs following osteoblast induction, whereas no changes were observed in MM‑MSCs. The downregulation of miR‑203a‑3p.1 resulted in increased osteogenic potential, as indicated by the increase in the mRNA expression levels of the typical osteoblast differentiation markers, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OC). Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay analysis indicated that mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 9 (Smad9) may be a direct target of miR‑203a‑3p.1 in N‑MSCs. The RT‑qPCR and western blot assays revealed that overexpression of smad9 significantly enhanced the effect of miR‑203a‑3p.1 inhibitors on osteoblast markers, which indicated that miR‑203a‑3p.1 inhibitors may regulate the osteogenic differentiation of MM‑MSCs by upregulating Smad9. In addition, the Wnt3a/β‑catenin signaling pathway was activated following miR‑203a‑3p.1 inhibition. These results suggest that miR‑203a‑3p.1 may serve an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of MM‑MSCs by regulating Smad9 expression.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

López-Corral L, Gutiérrez NC, Vidriales MB, Mateos MV, Rasillo A, García-Sanz R, Paiva B and San Miguel JF: The progression from MGUS to smoldering myeloma and eventually to multiple myeloma involves a clonal expansion of genetically abnormal plasma cells. Clin Cancer Res. 17:1692–1700. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Johnson DC, Weinhold N, Mitchell J, Chen B, Stephens OW, Försti A, Nickel J, Kaiser M, Gregory WA, Cairns D, et al: Genetic factors influencing the risk of multiple myeloma bone disease. Leukemia. 30:883–888. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Robey PG, Kuznetsov SA, Ren J, Klein HG, Sabatino M and Stroncek DF: Generation of clinical grade human bone marrow stromal cells for use in bone regeneration. Bone. 70:87–92. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Raje N and Roodman GD: Advances in the biology and treatment of bone disease in multiple myeloma. Clin Cancer Res. 17:1278–1286. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Gregory RI and Shiekhattar R: MicroRNA biogenesis and cancer. Cancer Res. 65:3509–3512. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Chen J, Qiu M, Dou C, Cao Z and Dong S: MicroRNAs in bone balance and osteoporosis. Drug Dev Res. 76:235–245. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Fang S, Deng Y, Gu P and Fan X: MicroRNAs regulate bone development and regeneration. Int J Mol Sci. 16:8227–8253. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Lian JB, Stein GS, van Wijnen AJ, Stein JL, Hassan MQ, Gaur T and Zhang Y: MicroRNA control of bone formation and homeostasis. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 8:212–227. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Zhang W, Wu Y, Shiozaki Y, Sugimoto Y, Takigawa T, Tanaka M, Matsukawa A and Ozaki T: miRNA-133a-5p inhibits the expression of osteoblast differentiation-associated markers by targeting the 3′ UTR of RUNX2. DNA Cell Biol. 37:199–209. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Zhang JF, Fu WM, He ML, Xie WD, Lv Q, Wan G, Li G, Wang H, Lu G, Hu X, et al: MiRNA-20a promotes osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells by co-regulating BMP signaling. RNA Biol. 8:829–838. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Ma X, Li L, Jia T, Chen M, Liu G, Li C, Li N and Yang D: miR-203a controls keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation via targeting the stemness-associated factor ΔNp63 and establishing a regulatory circuit with SNAI2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 491:241–249. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Hu G, Lai P, Liu M, Xu L, Guo Z, Liu H, Li W, Wang G, Yao X, Zheng J and Xu Y: miR-203a regulates proliferation, migration, and apoptosis by targeting glycogen synthase kinase-3β in human renal cell carcinoma. Tumor Biol. 35:11443–11453. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Huo W, Du M, Pan X, Zhu X, Gao Y and Li Z: miR-203a-3p.1 targets IL-24 to modulate hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and metastasis. FEBS Open Bio. 7:1085–1091. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Tang Y, Zheng L, Zhou J, Chen Y, Yang L, Deng F and Hu Y: miR-203-3p participates in the suppression of diabetes-associated osteogenesis in the jaw bone through targeting Smad1. Int J Mol Med. 41:1595–1607. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

15 

Shi YY, Wang GL, Yang HL, Lu SZ, Zhang Y and Cai X: Repairing rabbit femur bone defects by porous silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite combined with adipose-derived stromal cells. J Clin Rehabil Tissue Eng Res. 14:1341–1344. 2010.

16 

Langenbach F and Handschel J: Effects of dexamethasone, ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate on the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther. 4:1172013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Guo J, Fei C, Zhao Y, Zhao S, Zheng Q, Su J, Wu D, Li X and Chang C: Lenalidomide restores the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from multiple myeloma patients via deactivating Notch signaling pathway. Oncotarget. 121:55405–55421. 2017.

19 

Yaccoby S: Advances in the understanding of myeloma bone disease and tumour growth. Br J Haematol. 149:311–321. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

He X, Wang H, Jin T, Xu Y, Mei L and Yang J: TLR4 activation promotes bone marrow MSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation via Wnt3a and Wnt5a signaling. PLoS One. 11:e01498762016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Giuliani N, Rizzoli V and Roodman GD: Multiple myeloma bone disease: Pathophysiology of osteoblast inhibition. Blood. 108:3992–3996. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Zhuang W, Ge X, Yang S, Huang M, Zhuang W, Chen P, Zhang X, Fu J, Qu J and Li B: Upregulation of lncRNA MEG3 promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from multiple myeloma patients by targeting BMP4 transcription. Stem Cells. 33:1985–1997. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Tanaka Y, Nakayamada S and Okada Y: Osteoblasts and osteoclasts in bone remodeling and inflammation. Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy. 4:325–328. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Rodan GA and Martin TJ: Therapeutic approaches to bone diseases. Science. 289:1508–1514. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Pi C, Li YP, Zhou X and Gao B: The expression and function of microRNAs in bone homeostasis. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 20:119–138. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Tang Y, Zhang L, Tu T, Li Y, Murray D, Tu Q and Chen JJ: MicroRNA-99a is a novel regulator of KDM6B-mediated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. J Cell Mol Med. 22:2162–2176. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Vishal M, Vimalraj S, Ajeetha R, Gokulnath M, Keerthana R, He Z, Partridge NC and Selvamurugan N: MicroRNA-590-5p stabilizes Runx2 by targeting Smad7 during osteoblast differentiation. J Cell Physiol. 232:371–380. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Hao C, Yang S, Xu W, Shen JK, Ye S, Liu X, Dong Z, Xiao B and Feng Y: MiR-708 promotes steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head, suppresses osteogenic differentiation by targeting SMAD3. Sci Rep. 6:225992016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Ishibashi O, Ikegame M, Takizawa F, Yoshizawa T, Moksed MA, Iizawa F, Mera H, Matsuda A and Kawashima H: Endoglin is involved in BMP-2-induced osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament cells through a pathway independent of Smad-1/5/8 phosphorylation. J Cell Physiol. 222:465–473. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Dexheimer V, Gabler J, Bomans K, Sims T, Omlor G and Richter W: Differential expression of TGF-β superfamily members and role of Smad1/5/9-signalling in chondral versus endochondral chondrocyte differentiation. Sci Rep. 6:366552016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Wang H, Sun W, Ma J, Pan Y, Wang L and Zhang WB: Biglycan mediates suture expansion osteogenesis via potentiation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. J Biomech. 48:432–440. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Chen EEM, Zhang W, Ye CCY, Gao X, Jiang LLJ, Zhao TTF, Pan ZZJ and Xue DDT: Knockdown of SIRT7 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells partly via activation of the Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis. 8:e30422017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Chen LJ, Hu BB, Shi XL, Ren MM, Yu WB, Cen SD, Hu RD and Deng H: Baicalein enhances the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Arch Oral Biol. 78:100–108. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Fan FY, Deng R, Qiu L, Wen Q, Zeng Y, Gao L, Zhang C, Kong P, Zhong J, Zeng N, Zeng N, et al: miR‑203a‑3p.1 is involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation by directly targeting Smad9 in MM‑MSCs. Oncol Lett 18: 6339-6346, 2019.
APA
Fan, F., Deng, R., Qiu, L., Wen, Q., Zeng, Y., Gao, L. ... Zhang, X. (2019). miR‑203a‑3p.1 is involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation by directly targeting Smad9 in MM‑MSCs. Oncology Letters, 18, 6339-6346. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10994
MLA
Fan, F., Deng, R., Qiu, L., Wen, Q., Zeng, Y., Gao, L., Zhang, C., Kong, P., Zhong, J., Zeng, N., Li, Z., Su, Y., Zhang, X."miR‑203a‑3p.1 is involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation by directly targeting Smad9 in MM‑MSCs". Oncology Letters 18.6 (2019): 6339-6346.
Chicago
Fan, F., Deng, R., Qiu, L., Wen, Q., Zeng, Y., Gao, L., Zhang, C., Kong, P., Zhong, J., Zeng, N., Li, Z., Su, Y., Zhang, X."miR‑203a‑3p.1 is involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation by directly targeting Smad9 in MM‑MSCs". Oncology Letters 18, no. 6 (2019): 6339-6346. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10994
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Fan FY, Deng R, Qiu L, Wen Q, Zeng Y, Gao L, Zhang C, Kong P, Zhong J, Zeng N, Zeng N, et al: miR‑203a‑3p.1 is involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation by directly targeting Smad9 in MM‑MSCs. Oncol Lett 18: 6339-6346, 2019.
APA
Fan, F., Deng, R., Qiu, L., Wen, Q., Zeng, Y., Gao, L. ... Zhang, X. (2019). miR‑203a‑3p.1 is involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation by directly targeting Smad9 in MM‑MSCs. Oncology Letters, 18, 6339-6346. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10994
MLA
Fan, F., Deng, R., Qiu, L., Wen, Q., Zeng, Y., Gao, L., Zhang, C., Kong, P., Zhong, J., Zeng, N., Li, Z., Su, Y., Zhang, X."miR‑203a‑3p.1 is involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation by directly targeting Smad9 in MM‑MSCs". Oncology Letters 18.6 (2019): 6339-6346.
Chicago
Fan, F., Deng, R., Qiu, L., Wen, Q., Zeng, Y., Gao, L., Zhang, C., Kong, P., Zhong, J., Zeng, N., Li, Z., Su, Y., Zhang, X."miR‑203a‑3p.1 is involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation by directly targeting Smad9 in MM‑MSCs". Oncology Letters 18, no. 6 (2019): 6339-6346. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10994
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team