Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
January-2020 Volume 19 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
January-2020 Volume 19 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Knockdown of RAP2A gene expression suppresses cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells

  • Authors:
    • Jinyu Zhang
    • Yunhai Wei
    • Jie Min
    • Yan Wang
    • Lei Yin
    • Guoliang Cao
    • Hua Shen
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China, Intensive Care Unit, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 350-358
    |
    Published online on: November 13, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.11086
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Cisplatin (DDP) resistance is closely associated with the failure of chemotherapy to manage various different types of human cancer. The GTPase protein Ras‑related protein Rap‑2a (RAP2A) regulates cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion; however, little is currently known regarding its role in cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy. The present study investigated the potential roles of the RAP2A gene in gastric cancer cell resistance to DDP treatment. The DDP half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for the proliferation inhibition of MGC803 and MGC803/DDP gastric cancer cells were determined by treating the cells with a DDP concentration gradient and measuring their survival rates using the Cell Counting Kit‑8 (CCK‑8) assay; cell viability was also assessed using the CCK‑8 assay. Cell migration and invasion were assessed using Transwell Matrigel assays, and apoptosis and DNA damage were evaluated using flow cytometry and Hoechst staining. RAP2A expression was knocked down by siRNA transfection, and RAP2A protein levels were examined using western blotting. The DDP IC50 values for DDP‑resistant MGC803/DDP cells were greater than those for MGC803 cells. Furthermore, MGC803/DDP cells exhibited increased levels of viability, migration and invasion, and decreased levels of apoptosis and DNA damage during DDP treatment. Knockdown of RAP2A expression significantly promoted MGC803/DDP cell apoptosis and DNA damage, and decreased the viability and invasion capabilities of these cells following treatment with DDP. The results of the present study revealed that RAP2A expression promotes DDP resistance in gastric cancer cells by increasing their viability, migration and invasion capacities, and by suppressing apoptosis and DNA damage.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Stewart BW and Wild CP: World Cancer Report 2014IARC; Lyon, France: pp. 839–851. 2014

2 

Torre LA, Siegel RL, Ward EM and Jemal A: Global cancer incidence and mortality rates and trends-an update. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 25:16–27. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Kamran SC, Hong TS and Wo JY: Advances in the management of gastric and gastroesophageal cancers. Curr Oncol Rep. 18:132016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Lee YY and Derakhshan MH: Environmental and lifestyle risk factors of gastric cancer. Arch Iran Med. 16:358–365. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

5 

Wang K, Yuen ST, Xu J, Lee SP, Yan HH, Shi ST, Siu HC, Deng S, Chu KM, Law S, et al: Whole-genome sequencing and comprehensive molecular profiling identify new driver mutations in gastric cancer. Nat Genet. 46:573–582. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Venerito M, Vasapolli R, Rokkas T, Delchier JC and Malfertheiner P: Helicobacter pylori, gastric cancer and other gastrointestinal malignancies. Helicobacter. 22 (Suppl 1):2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Yoon H and Kim N: Diagnosis and management of high risk group for gastric cancer. Gut Liver. 9:5–17. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Aurello P, Sagnotta A, Terrenato I, Berardi G, Nigri G, D'Angelo F and Ramacciato G: Oncologic value of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Minim Access Surg. 12:199–208. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Chen K, Xu XW, Zhang RC, Pan Y, Wu D and Mou YP: Systematic review and meta-analysis of laparoscopy-assisted and open total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 19:5365–5376. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Janunger KG, Hafström L and Glimelius B: Chemotherapy in gastric cancer: A review and updated meta-analysis. Eur J Surg. 168:597–608. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Othman MO and Wallace MB: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in 2011, a Western perspective. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 35:288–294. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Liang L, Fang JY and Xu J: Gastric cancer and gene copy number variation: Emerging cancer drivers for targeted therapy. Oncogene. 35:1475–1482. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Valentini V and Cellini F: Radiotherapy in gastric cancer: A systematic review of literature and new perspectives. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 7:1379–1393. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Wagner AD, Unverzagt S, Grothe W, Kleber G, Grothey A, Haerting J and Fleig WE: Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. CD0040642010.PubMed/NCBI

15 

Stordal B and Davey M: Understanding cisplatin resistance using cellular models. IUBMB Life. 59:696–699. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Jacobsen C and Honecker F: Cisplatin resistance in germ cell tumours: Models and mechanisms. Andrology. 3:111–121. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Yang SM, Huang C, Li XF, Yu MZ, He Y and Li J: miR-21 confers cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells by regulating PTEN. Toxicology. 306:162–168. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Sun XP, Dong X, Lin L, Jiang X, Wei Z, Zhai B, Sun B, Zhang Q, Wang X, Jiang H, et al: Up-regulation of survivin by AKT and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α contributes to cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer. FEBS J. 281:115–128. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Yang M, Shan X, Zhou X, Qiu T, Zhu W, Ding Y, Shu Y and Liu P: miR-1271 regulates cisplatin resistance of human gastric cancer cell lines by targeting IGF1R, IRS1, mTOR, and BCL2. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 14:884–891. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Xu W, Wang S, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Ni P, Wu X, Zhang J, Qiang F, Li A, Røe OD, et al: TXNL1-XRCC1 pathway regulates cisplatin-induced cell death and contributes to resistance in human gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis. 5:e10552014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Gloerich M, ten Klooster JP, Vliem MJ, Koorman T, Zwartkruis FJ, Clevers H and Bos JL: Rap2A links intestinal cell polarity to brush border formation. Nat Cell Biol. 14:793–801. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Wu JX, Zhang DG, Zheng JN and Pei DS: Rap2a is a novel target gene of p53 and regulates cancer cell migration and invasion. Cell Signal. 27:1198–1207. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Huang D, Duan H, Huang H, Tong X, Han Y, Ru G, Qu L, Shou C and Zhao Z: Cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells is associated with HER2 upregulation-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Sci Rep. 6:205022016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Kramer N, Walzl A, Unger C, Rosner M, Krupitza G, Hengstschläger M and Dolznig H: In vitro cell migration and invasion assays. Mutat Res. 752:10–24. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Erba E, Ubezio P, Broggini M, Ponti M and D'Incalci M: DNA damage, cytotoxic effect and cell-cycle perturbation of Hoechst 33342 on L1210 cells in vitro. Cytometry. 9:1–6. 1988. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Redondo-Blanco S, Fernández J, Gutiérrez-Del-Río I, Villar CJ and Lombó F: New insights toward colorectal cancer chemotherapy using natural bioactive compounds. Front Pharmacol. 8:1092017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Zitvogel L, Apetoh L, Ghiringhelli F and Kroemer G: Immunological aspects of cancer chemotherapy. Nat Rev Immunol. 8:59–73. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Meeks JJ, Bellmunt J, Bochner BH, Clarke NW, Daneshmand S, Galsky MD, Hahn NM, Lerner SP, Mason M, Powles T, et al: A systematic review of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Eur Urol. 62:523–533. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Sui X, Chen R, Wang Z, Huang Z, Kong N, Zhang M, Han W, Lou F, Yang J, Zhang Q, et al: Autophagy and chemotherapy resistance: A promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Cell Death Dis. 4:e8382013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Terek RM, Schwartz GK, Devaney K, Glantz L, Mak S, Healey JH and Albino AP: Chemotherapy and P-glycoprotein expression in chondrosarcoma. J Orthop Res. 16:585–590. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Gibalová L, Sereš M, Rusnák A, Ditte P, Labudová M, Uhrík B, Pastorek J, Sedlák J, Breier A and Sulová Z: P-glycoprotein depresses cisplatin sensitivity in L1210 cells by inhibiting cisplatin-induced caspase-3 activation. Toxicol In Vitro. 26:435–444. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Liu LZ, Zhou XD, Qian G, Shi X, Fang J and Jiang BH: AKT1 amplification regulates cisplatin resistance in human lung cancer cells through the mammalian target of rapamycin/p70S6K1 pathway. Cancer Res. 67:6325–6332. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Bauer JA, Kumar B, Cordell KG, Prince ME, Tran HH, Wolf GT, Chepeha DB, Teknos TN, Wang S, Eisbruch A, et al: Targeting apoptosis to overcome cisplatin resistance: A translational study in head and neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 69 (2 Suppl):S106–S108. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Yu WK, Wang Z, Fong CC, Liu D, Yip TC, Au SK, Zhu G and Yang M: Chemoresistant lung cancer stem cells display high DNA repair capability to remove cisplatin-induced DNA damage. Br J Pharmacol. 174:302–313. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Okada T, Sinha S, Esposito I, Schiavon G, López-Lago MA, Su W, Pratilas CA, Abele C, Hernandez JM, Ohara M, et al: The Rho GTPase Rnd1 suppresses mammary tumorigenesis and EMT by restraining Ras-MAPK signalling. Nat Cell Biol. 17:81–94. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Sharma S, Santiskulvong C, Rao J, Gimzewski JK and Dorigo O: The role of Rho GTPase in cell stiffness and cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells. Integr Biol (Camb). 6:611–617. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Cho HJ, Baek KE, Park SM, Kim IK, Nam IK, Choi YL, Park SH, Im MJ, Choi J, Ryu J, et al: RhoGDI2 confers gastric cancer cells resistance against cisplatin-induced apoptosis by upregulation of Bcl-2 expression. Cancer Lett. 311:48–56. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Awasthi S, Sharma R, Yang Y, Singhal SS, Pikula S, Bandorowicz-Pikula J, Singh SV, Zimniak P and Awasthi YC: Transport functions and physiological significance of 76 kDa Ral-binding GTPase activating protein (RLIP76). Acta Biochim Pol. 49:855–867. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

39 

Stuckler D, Singhal J, Singhal SS, Yadav S, Awasthi YC and Awasthi S: RLIP76 transports vinorelbine and mediates drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res. 65:991–998. 2005.PubMed/NCBI

40 

Vatsyayan R, Chaudhary P, Lelsani PC, Singhal P, Awasthi YC, Awasthi S and Singhal SS: Role of RLIP76 in doxorubicin resistance in lung cancer. Int J Oncol. 34:1505–1511. 2009.PubMed/NCBI

41 

Wu R, Murali R, Kabe Y, French SW, Chiang YM, Liu S, Sher L, Wang CC, Louie S and Tsukamoto H: Baicalein targets GTPase-mediated autophagy to eliminate liver tumor initiating stem cell-like cells resistant to mTORC1 inhibition. Hepatology. 68:1726–1740. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Zhu WL, Hossain MS, Guo DY, Liu S, Tong H, Khakpoor A, Casey PJ and Wang M: A role for Rac3 GTPase in the regulation of autophagy. J Biol Chem. 286:35291–35298. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Sirichanchuen B, Pengsuparp T and Chanvorachote P: Long-term cisplatin exposure impairs autophagy and causes cisplatin resistance in human lung cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem. 364:11–18. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Kumar P, Zhang DM, Degenhardt K and Chen ZS: Autophagy and transporter-based multi-drug resistance. Cells. 1:558–575. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Wang L, Zhu B, Wang S, Wu Y, Zhan W, Xie S, Shi H and Yu R: Regulation of glioma migration and invasion via modification of Rap2a activity by the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-1. Oncol Rep. 37:2565–2574. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang J, Wei Y, Min J, Wang Y, Yin L, Cao G and Shen H: Knockdown of RAP2A gene expression suppresses cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 19: 350-358, 2020.
APA
Zhang, J., Wei, Y., Min, J., Wang, Y., Yin, L., Cao, G., & Shen, H. (2020). Knockdown of RAP2A gene expression suppresses cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells. Oncology Letters, 19, 350-358. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.11086
MLA
Zhang, J., Wei, Y., Min, J., Wang, Y., Yin, L., Cao, G., Shen, H."Knockdown of RAP2A gene expression suppresses cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells". Oncology Letters 19.1 (2020): 350-358.
Chicago
Zhang, J., Wei, Y., Min, J., Wang, Y., Yin, L., Cao, G., Shen, H."Knockdown of RAP2A gene expression suppresses cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells". Oncology Letters 19, no. 1 (2020): 350-358. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.11086
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang J, Wei Y, Min J, Wang Y, Yin L, Cao G and Shen H: Knockdown of RAP2A gene expression suppresses cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 19: 350-358, 2020.
APA
Zhang, J., Wei, Y., Min, J., Wang, Y., Yin, L., Cao, G., & Shen, H. (2020). Knockdown of RAP2A gene expression suppresses cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells. Oncology Letters, 19, 350-358. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.11086
MLA
Zhang, J., Wei, Y., Min, J., Wang, Y., Yin, L., Cao, G., Shen, H."Knockdown of RAP2A gene expression suppresses cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells". Oncology Letters 19.1 (2020): 350-358.
Chicago
Zhang, J., Wei, Y., Min, J., Wang, Y., Yin, L., Cao, G., Shen, H."Knockdown of RAP2A gene expression suppresses cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells". Oncology Letters 19, no. 1 (2020): 350-358. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.11086
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team