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Article Open Access

High levels of global genome methylation in patients with retinoblastoma

  • Authors:
    • Hülya Yazici
    • Hui‑Chen Wu
    • Hulya Tigli
    • Elif Z. Yilmaz
    • Rejin Kebudi
    • Regina M. Santella
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA, Department of Basic Oncology, Division of Cancer Genetics, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul 34093, Turkey, Division of Pediatric Hematology‑Oncology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Fatih, İstanbul 34098, Turkey
    Copyright: © Yazici et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 715-723
    |
    Published online on: May 13, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11613
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Abstract

Retinoblastoma is a tumor of the embryonic neural retina in young children. The DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) gene has been demonstrated to be transcriptionally activated in cells lacking retinoblastoma 1 (RB1). Thus, there is a direct interaction between DNMT1 and RB1 in vivo. The present study hypothesized that uncontrolled DNMT1, DNMT2 and DNMT3 expression may lead to a high level of global genome methylation causing a second hit or where both alleles are altered, in RB1 and/or inactivation of other genes in retinal cells. To test this, the global genome methylation levels were analyzed in 69 patients with retinoblastoma, as well as 26 healthy siblings and 18 healthy unrelated children as the control groups. Peripheral blood and tumor tissue samples were obtained from 32 patients. The expression levels of DNMT genes were also determined in cell lines. Based on the median levels of global genome methylation in patients, higher genome‑wide methylation levels in peripheral blood were associated with a 3.33‑fold increased risk for retinoblastoma in patients compared with all healthy controls (95% confidence interval, 0.98‑11.35; P<0.0001). The level of global genome methylation and the expression of DNMT genes were increased in the WERI‑RB‑1 cell line, which has a mutated RB1 gene, compared with a wild‑type RB1‑expressing cell line. These results supported the hypothesis that epigenetic alterations, as well as mutations in RB1, may be associated with the oncogenesis and inheritance of retinoblastoma. The repression of genes that interact with RB1, such as the DNMT gene family, may be important in patients with retinoblastoma with alterations in RB1, and may serve a role in the treatment and regression of retinoblastoma.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yazici H, Wu HC, Tigli H, Yilmaz EZ, Kebudi R and Santella RM: High levels of global genome methylation in patients with retinoblastoma. Oncol Lett 20: 715-723, 2020.
APA
Yazici, H., Wu, H., Tigli, H., Yilmaz, E.Z., Kebudi, R., & Santella, R.M. (2020). High levels of global genome methylation in patients with retinoblastoma. Oncology Letters, 20, 715-723. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11613
MLA
Yazici, H., Wu, H., Tigli, H., Yilmaz, E. Z., Kebudi, R., Santella, R. M."High levels of global genome methylation in patients with retinoblastoma". Oncology Letters 20.1 (2020): 715-723.
Chicago
Yazici, H., Wu, H., Tigli, H., Yilmaz, E. Z., Kebudi, R., Santella, R. M."High levels of global genome methylation in patients with retinoblastoma". Oncology Letters 20, no. 1 (2020): 715-723. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11613
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yazici H, Wu HC, Tigli H, Yilmaz EZ, Kebudi R and Santella RM: High levels of global genome methylation in patients with retinoblastoma. Oncol Lett 20: 715-723, 2020.
APA
Yazici, H., Wu, H., Tigli, H., Yilmaz, E.Z., Kebudi, R., & Santella, R.M. (2020). High levels of global genome methylation in patients with retinoblastoma. Oncology Letters, 20, 715-723. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11613
MLA
Yazici, H., Wu, H., Tigli, H., Yilmaz, E. Z., Kebudi, R., Santella, R. M."High levels of global genome methylation in patients with retinoblastoma". Oncology Letters 20.1 (2020): 715-723.
Chicago
Yazici, H., Wu, H., Tigli, H., Yilmaz, E. Z., Kebudi, R., Santella, R. M."High levels of global genome methylation in patients with retinoblastoma". Oncology Letters 20, no. 1 (2020): 715-723. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11613
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