Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
August-2020 Volume 20 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August-2020 Volume 20 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review

Anlotinib as a molecular targeted therapy for tumors (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Yi Gao
    • Pengfei Liu
    • Ruihua Shi
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China, Department of Gastroenterology, The Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1001-1014
    |
    Published online on: May 28, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11685
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Angiogenesis has an essential role in tumor growth and metastasis, and blocking this pathway has been a successfully utilized strategy in the clinical treatment of cancer. Anlotinib (AL3818) is a novel oral receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and 3, fibroblast growth factor 1‑4, platelet‑derived growth factor receptor α and β, c‑Kit and Ret. Anlotinib exerts inhibitory effects on tumor growth and angiogenesis and received its first approval as a third‑line treatment for refractory advanced non‑small‑cell lung cancer in May 2018 and its second approval as a second‑line treatment for advanced soft‑tissue sarcoma in June 2019 in the People's Republic of China. Anlotinib has encouraging efficacy and a manageable and tolerable safety profile in a broad range of malignancies, including medullary thyroid cancer, renal cell cancer, gastric cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In the present review, the preclinical and clinical trials of anlotinib were summarized with a focus on safety evaluation and adverse event management.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA and Jemal A: Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 68:394–424. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Viallard C and Larrivée B: Tumor angiogenesis and vascular normalization: Alternative therapeutic targets. Angiogenesis. 20:409–426. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Voravud N and Charuruk N: Tumor angiogenesis. J Med Assoc Thai. 82:394–404. 1999.PubMed/NCBI

4 

Regad T: Targeting RTK signaling pathways in cancer. Cancers (Basel). 7:1758–1784. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Zwick E, Bange J and Ullrich A: Receptor tyrosine kinase signalling as a target for cancer intervention strategies. Endocr Relat Cancer. 8:161–173. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Petrelli F, Borgonovo K, Cabiddu M, Ghilardi M and Barni S: Cetuximab and panitumumab in KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis. Int J Colorectal Dis. 26:823–833. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Butti R, Das S, Gunasekaran VP, Yadav AS, Kumar D and Kundu GC: Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in breast cancer: Signaling, therapeutic implications and challenges. Mol Cancer. 17:342018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Giaccone G, González-Larriba JL, van Oosterom AT, Alfonso R, Smit EF, Martens M, Peters GJ, van der Vijgh WJ, Smith R, Averbuch S and Fandi A: Combination therapy with gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol. 15:831–838. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Manning G, Plowman GD, Hunter T and Sudarsanam S: Evolution of protein kinase signaling from yeast to man. Trends Biochem Sci. 27:514–520. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Knox JJ, Barrios CH, Kim TM, Cosgriff T, Srimuninnimit V, Pittman K, Sabbatini R, Rha SY, Flaig TW, Page RD, et al: Final overall survival analysis for the phase II RECORD-3 study of first-line everolimus followed by sunitinib versus first-line sunitinib followed by everolimus in metastatic RCC. Ann Oncol. 28:1339–1345. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Ogasawara S, Chiba T, Ooka Y, Suzuki E, Maeda T, Yokoyama M, Wakamatsu T, Inoue M, Saito T, Kobayashi K, et al: Characteristics of patients with sorafenib-treated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma eligible for second-line treatment. Invest New Drugs. 36:332–339. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

How J, Mann J, Laczniak AN and Baggstrom MQ: Pulsatile erlotinib in EGFR-positive non-small-cell lung cancer patients with leptomeningeal and brain metastases: Review of the literature. Clin Lung Cancer. 18:354–363. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Zhou C, Wu YL, Chen G, Feng J, Liu XQ, Wang C, Zhang S, Wang J, Zhou S, Ren S, et al: Erlotinib vs. chemotherapy as first-line treatment for patients with advanced EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (OPTIMAL, CTONG-0802): A multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol. 12:735–742. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Urata Y, Katakami N, Morita S, Kaji R, Yoshioka H, Seto T, Satouchi M, Iwamoto Y, Kanehara M, Fujimoto D, et al: Randomized phase III study comparing gefitinib with erlotinib in patients with previously treated advanced lung adenocarcinoma: WJOG 5108L. J Clin Oncol. 34:3248–3257. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Liao Z, Li F, Zhang C, Zhu L, Shi Y, Zhao G, Bai X, Hassan S, Liu X, Li T, et al: Phase II trial of VEGFR2 inhibitor apatinib for metastatic sarcoma: Focus on efficacy and safety. Exp Mol Med. 51:1–11. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Sandler A, Gray R, Perry MC, Brahmer J, Schiller JH, Dowlati A, Lilenbaum R and Johnson DH: Paclitaxel-carboplatin alone or with bevacizumab for non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 355:2542–2550. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

An J and Lv W: Endostar (rh-endostatin) versus placebo in combination with vinorelbine plus cisplatin chemotherapy regimen in treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Thorac Cancer. 9:606–612. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Syed YY: Anlotinib: First global approval. Drugs. 78:1057–1062. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Liang L, Hui K, Hu C, Wen Y, Yang S, Zhu P, Wang L, Xia Y, Qiao Y, Sun W, et al: Autophagy inhibition potentiates the anti-angiogenic property of multikinase inhibitor anlotinib through JAK2/STAT3/VEGFA signaling in non-small cell lung cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 38:712019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Wang G, Sun M, Jiang Y, Zhang T, Sun W, Wang H, Yin F, Wang Z, Sang W, Xu J, et al: Anlotinib, a novel small molecular tyrosine kinase inhibitor, suppresses growth and metastasis via dual blockade of VEGFR2 and MET in osteosarcoma. Int J Cancer. 145:979–993. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Ruan X, Shi X, Dong Q, Yu Y, Hou X, Song X, Wei X, Chen L and Gao M: Antitumor effects of anlotinib in thyroid cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer. 26:153–164. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Lin B, Song X, Yang D, Bai D, Yao Y and Lu N: Anlotinib inhibits angiogenesis via suppressing the activation of VEGFR2, PDGFRβ and FGFR1. Gene. 654:77–86. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Xie C, Wan X, Quan H, Zheng M, Fu L, Li Y and Lou L: Preclinical characterization of anlotinib, a highly potent and selective vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 inhibitor. Cancer Sci. 109:1207–1219. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Jang HS, Woo SR, Song KH, Cho H, Chay DB, Hong SO, Lee HJ, Oh SJ, Chung JY, Kim JH and Kim TW: API5 induces cisplatin resistance through FGFR signaling in human cancer cells. Exp Mol Med. 49:e3742017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Turkington RC, Longley DB, Allen WL, Stevenson L, McLaughlin K, Dunne PD, Blayney JK, Salto-Tellez M, Van Schaeybroeck S and Johnston PG: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4): A targetable regulator of drug resistance in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis. 5:e10462014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Sugimoto K, Miyata Y, Nakayama T, Saito S, Suzuki R, Hayakawa F, Nishiwaki S, Mizuno H, Takeshita K, Kato H, et al: Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 facilitates the growth and chemo-resistance of leukemia cells in the bone marrow by modulating osteoblast functions. Sci Rep. 6:307792016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Saito S, Morishima K, Ui T, Hoshino H, Matsubara D, Ishikawa S, Aburatani H, Fukayama M, Hosoya Y, Sata N, et al: The role of HGF/MET and FGF/FGFR in fibroblast-derived growth stimulation and lapatinib-resistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer. 15:822015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Cochrane DR, Spoelstra NS, Howe EN, Nordeen SK and Richer JK: MicroRNA-200c mitigates invasiveness and restores sensitivity to microtubule-targeting chemotherapeutic agents. Mol Cancer Ther. 8:1055–1066. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Bayraktar R and Van Roosbroeck K: miR-155 in cancer drug resistance and as target for miRNA-based therapeutics. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 37:33–44. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Wang Y, Zhao M, Zhao H, Cheng S, Bai R and Song M: MicroRNA-940 restricts the expression of metastasis-associated gene MACC1 and enhances the antitumor effect of Anlotinib on colorectal cancer. Onco Targets Ther. 12:2809–2822. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Ma DB, Qin MM, Shi L and Ding XM: MicroRNA-6077 enhances the sensitivity of patients-derived lung adenocarcinoma cells to anlotinib by repressing the activation of glucose transporter 1 pathway. Cell Signal. 64:1093912019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Wang L, En H, Yang L, Zhang Y, Sun B and Gao J: miR-596 suppresses the expression of Survivin and enhances the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to the molecular targeting agent anlotinib. Onco Targets Ther. 12:6825–6838. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Lu J, Xu W, Qian J, Wang S, Zhang B, Zhang L, Qiao R, Hu M, Zhao Y, Zhao X, et al: Transcriptome profiling analysis reveals that CXCL2 is involved in anlotinib resistance in human lung cancer cells. BMC Med Genomics. 12 (Suppl 2):S382019. View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Sun Y, Niu W, Du F, Du C, Li S, Wang J, Li L, Wang F, Hao Y, Li C and Chi Y: Safety, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor properties of anlotinib, an oral multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with advanced refractory solid tumors. J Hematol Oncol. 9:1052016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Werner TL, Kannapel E, Chen J, Chen M and Cohen AL: Safety and PK results from a phase Ib study of AL3818 (anlotinib) hydrochloride in subjects with ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers. J Clin Oncol. 35 (15 Suppl):e170712017. View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Reck M and Rabe KF: precision diagnosis and treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 377:849–861. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Han B, Li K, Zhao Y, Li B, Cheng Y, Zhou J, Lu Y, Shi Y, Wang Z, Jiang L, et al: Anlotinib as a third-line therapy in patients with refractory advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: A multicentre, randomised phase II trial (ALTER0302). Br J Cancer. 118:654–661. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Cheng Y, Wang Q, Li K, Shi J, Wu L, Han B, Chen G, He J, Wang J, Qin H and Li X: Anlotinib as third-line or further-line treatment in relapsed SCLC: A multicentre, randomized, doubleblind phase 2 trial. J Thorac Oncol. 13 (10 Suppl):S351–S352. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Morrison BA: Soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 16:285–290. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Gatta G, van der Zwan JM, Casali PG, Siesling S, Dei Tos AP, Kunkler I, Otter R, Licitra L, Mallone S, Tavilla A, et al: Rare cancers are not so rare: The rare cancer burden in Europe. Eur J Cancer. 47:2493–2511. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Meyer M and Seetharam M: First-line therapy for metastatic soft tissue sarcoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 20:62019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Ryan CW, Merimsky O, Agulnik M, Blay JY, Schuetze SM, Van Tine BA, Jones RL, Elias AD, Choy E, Alcindor T, et al: PICASSO III: A phase III, placebo-controlled study of doxorubicin with or without palifosfamide in patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma. J Clin Oncol. 34:3898–3905. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Chi Y, Fang Z, Hong X, Yao Y, Sun P, Wang G, Du F, Sun Y, Wu Q, Qu G, et al: Safety and efficacy of anlotinib, a multikinase angiogenesis inhibitor, in patients with refractory metastatic soft-tissue sarcoma. Clin Cancer Res. 24:5233–5238. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

44 

Yao Y, Chi Y, Fang Z, Wang S, Huang G, Cai Q, Shang G, Wang G, Qu G, Wu Q, et al: Efficacy of anlotinib in advanced soft tissue sarcoma by prior lines of therapy, age and dose modification. Ann Oncol. 29 (Suppl 8):viii576–viii595. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Niu X, Wang J XB, Yu S, Zhang X, Huang Z, Cai J, Cai Z, Chen J, Cheng X, et al: Chinese society of clinical oncology (CSCO) guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. People's Medical Publishing House. (Beijing, China, 1st edition). 2019.

46 

Anlotinib Hydrochloride Capsules [Package insert]. (Lianyungang, China). ChiaTai TianQing Pharmaceutical Group. 2019.(In Chinese).

47 

Lim H, Devesa SS, Sosa JA, Check D and Kitahara CM: Trends in thyroid cancer incidence and mortality in the United States, 1974–2013. JAMA. 317:1338–1348. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Roman S, Lin R and Sosa JA: Prognosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: Demographic, clinical, and pathologic predictors of survival in 1252 cases. Cancer. 107:2134–2142. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Romei C, Ciampi R and Elisei R: A comprehensive overview of the role of the RET proto-oncogene in thyroid carcinoma. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 12:192–202. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Wells SA Jr, Gosnell JE, Gagel RF, Moley J, Pfister D, Sosa JA, Skinner M, Krebs A, Vasselli J and Schlumberger M: Vandetanib for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol. 28:767–772. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Kurzrock R, Sherman SI, Ball DW, Forastiere AA, Cohen RB, Mehra R, Pfister DG, Cohen EE, Janisch L, Nauling F, et al: Activity of XL184 (Cabozantinib), an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol. 29:2660–2666. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Schlumberger MJ, Elisei R, Bastholt L, Wirth LJ, Martins RG, Locati LD, Jarzab B, Pacini F, Daumerie C, Droz JP, et al: Phase II study of safety and efficacy of motesanib in patients with progressive or symptomatic, advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol. 27:3794–3801. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Lam ET, Ringel MD, Kloos RT, Prior TW, Knopp MV, Liang J, Sammet S, Hall NC, Wakely PE Jr, Vasko VV, et al: Phase II clinical trial of sorafenib in metastatic medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol. 28:2323–2330. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

54 

Sun Y, Du F, Gao M, Ji Q, Li Z, Zhang Y, Guo Z, Wang J, Chen X, Wang J, et al: Anlotinib for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 28:1455–1461. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

55 

Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Miller D, Brest A, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z, Mariotto A, Lewis DR, et al: SEER Cancer statistics review, 1975–2016. National Cancer Institute. (Bethesda, MD). 2018.Updated April 9. 2020.

56 

Rini BI, Powles T, Atkins MB, Escudier B, McDermott DF, Suarez C, Bracarda S, Stadler WM, Donskov F, Lee JL, et al: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab versus sunitinib in patients with previously untreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma (IMmotion151): A multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 393:2404–2415. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Motzer RJ, Hutson TE, Cella D, Reeves J, Hawkins R, Guo J, Nathan P, Staehler M, de Souza P, Merchan JR, et al: Pazopanib versus sunitinib in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 369:722–731. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Lee JB, Park HS, Park S, Lee HJ, Kwon KA, Choi YJ, Kim YJ, Nam CM, Cho NH, Kang B, et al: Temsirolimus in Asian metastatic/recurrent non-clear cell renal carcinoma. Cancer Res Treat. 51:1578–1588. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

59 

Liu C, Cao F, Xing W, Si T, Yu H, Yang X and Guo Z: Efficacy of cryoablation combined with sorafenib for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. Int J Hyperthermia. 36:220–228. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

60 

Schultze-Seemann W, Schulz H, Tschechne B and Häckl M: Bevacizumab plus IFN-alpha-2a in first-line treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A prospective german non-interventional study. Anticancer Res. 39:875–882. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

61 

Zhou AP, Bai YX, Song V, Li HZ, Xie XD, Ren XB, Ye DW, Liu JY, Luo H, Bai XZ, et al: Anlotinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with a previous anti-VEGFR TKI: Preliminary results from a multicenter, phase II trial. J Clin Oncol. 34 (15 Suppl):e160822016. View Article : Google Scholar

62 

Zhou AP, Bai Y, Song Y, Luo H, Ren XB, Wang X, Shi B, Fu C, Cheng Y, Liu J, et al: Anlotinib versus sunitinib as first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A randomized phase II clinical trial. Oncologist. 24:e701–e708. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

63 

Huang J, Xiao J, Fang W, Lu P, Fan Q, Shu Y, Feng JF, Zhang S, Ba Y, Liu Y, et al: Anlotinib in chemotherapy-refractory metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC): A randomized, double-blind, multicenter phase II trial. J Clin Oncol. 37 (4 Suppl):S952019. View Article : Google Scholar

64 

Wang L HJ, Han Y, Li Y, Fu J, Mao W, Wang X, Chen K, Fang W, Fan Q, et al: Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer. People's Medical Publishing House. (Beijing, China, 1st edition). 2019.

65 

Han B, Li K, Wang Q, Zhang L, Shi J, Wang Z, Cheng Y, He J, Shi Y, Zhao Y, et al: Effect of anlotinib as a third-line or further treatment on overall survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: The ALTER 0303 phase 3 randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol. 4:1569–1575. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

66 

Haber DA, Bell DW, Sordella R, Kwak EL, Godin-Heymann N, Sharma SV, Lynch TJ and Settleman J: Molecular targeted therapy of lung cancer: EGFR mutations and response to EGFR inhibitors. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 70:419–426. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

67 

Li K, Han BH, Wang QM, Li PC, Shi JH, Wang ZH, Cheng Y, He JX, Shi YK, Chen WQ, et al: OS outcomes to anlotinib in patients (pts) with refractory NSCLC of both wild-type (WT) and mutant EGFR. J Clin Oncol. 36 (15 Suppl):e210132018. View Article : Google Scholar

68 

Shao L, Wang W, Song Z and Zhang Y: The efficacy and safety of anlotinib treatment for advanced lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther. 12:6549–6554. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

69 

Gao W, He J, Jin SD, Xu J, Yu TF, Wang W, Zhu Q, Dai H, Wu H, Liu YQ, et al: Association of initial epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors treatment and EGFR exon 19 deletion with frequency of the T790M mutation in non-small cell lung cancer patients after resistance to first-line epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Onco Targets Ther. 12:9495–9504. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

70 

Kwak EL, Sordella R, Bell DW, Godin-Heymann N, Okimoto RA, Brannigan BW, Harris PL, Driscoll DR, Fidias P, Lynch TJ, et al: Irreversible inhibitors of the EGF receptor may circumvent acquired resistance to gefitinib. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 102:7665–7670. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

71 

Zhou M, Chen X, Zhang H, Xia L, Tong X, Zou L, Hao R, Pan J, Zhao X, Chen D, et al: China national medical products administration approval summary: Anlotinib for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer after two lines of chemotherapy. Cancer Commun (Lond). 39:362019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

72 

Si X, Zhang L, Wang H, Zhang X, Wang M, Han B, Li K, Wang Q, Shi J, Wang Z, et al: Quality of life results from a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multi-center phase III trial of anlotinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 122:32–37. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

73 

Liang W, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Han X, Yang X, He J, Li K and Han B: P2.01–01 The impact of anlotinib on brain metastases of NSCLC: Post-hoc analysis of a phase III randomized control trial (ALTER0303). J Thorac Oncol. 13 (10 Suppl):S6652018. View Article : Google Scholar

74 

Wang J, Zhao Y, Wang Q, Zhang L, Shi J, Wang Z, Cheng Y, He J, Shi Y, Yu H, et al: Prognostic factors of refractory NSCLC patients receiving anlotinib hydrochloride as the third- or further-line treatment. Cancer Biol Med. 15:443–451. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

75 

Dobbin SJH, Cameron AC, Petrie MC, Jones RJ, Touyz RM and Lang NN: Toxicity of cancer therapy: What the cardiologist needs to know about angiogenesis inhibitors. Heart. 104:1995–2002. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

76 

Si X, Zhang L, Wang H, Zhang X, Wang M, Han B, Li K, Wang Q, Shi J, Wang Z, et al: Management of anlotinib-related adverse events in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Experiences in ALTER-0303. Thorac Cancer. 10:551–556. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

77 

Rimassa L, Danesi R, Pressiani T and Merle P: Management of adverse events associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Improving outcomes for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rev. 77:20–28. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

78 

Walko CM and Grande C: Management of common adverse events in patients treated with sorafenib: Nurse and pharmacist perspective. Semin Oncol. 41 (Suppl 2):S17–S28. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

79 

Miura S, Fujino M, Matsuo Y, Tanigawa H and Saku K: Nifedipine-induced vascular endothelial growth factor secretion from coronary smooth muscle cells promotes endothelial tube formation via the kinase insert domain-containing receptor/fetal liver kinase-1/NO pathway. Hypertens Res. 28:147–153. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

80 

Kim SY, Kim SM, Chang H, Kim BW, Lee YS, Chang HS and Park CS: Safety of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: Real-world use of lenvatinib and Sorafenib in Korea. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 10:3842019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

81 

Nikolaou V, Syrigos K and Saif MW: Incidence and implications of chemotherapy related hand-foot syndrome. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 15:1625–1633. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

82 

Srinivas S, Stein D, Teltsch DY, Tao S, Cisar L and Ramaswamy K: Real-world chart review study of adverse events management in patients taking tyrosine kinase inhibitors to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 24:574–583. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

83 

Cheville AL, Kollasch J, Vandenberg J, Shen T, Grothey A, Gamble G and Basford JR: A home-based exercise program to improve function, fatigue, and sleep quality in patients with stage IV lung and colorectal cancer: A randomized controlled trial. J Pain Symptom Manage. 45:811–821. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

84 

Rugo HS, Di Palma JA, Tripathy D, Bryce R, Moran S, Olek E and Bosserman L: The characterization, management, and future considerations for ErbB-family TKI-associated diarrhea. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 175:5–15. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

85 

McCole DF and Barrett KE: Decoding epithelial signals: Critical role for the epidermal growth factor receptor in controlling intestinal transport function. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 195:149–159. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

86 

Bowen JM, Mayo BJ, Plews E, Bateman E, Stringer AM, Boyle FM, Finnie JW and Keefe DM: Development of a rat model of oral small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor-induced diarrhea. Cancer Biol Ther. 13:1269–1275. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

87 

Lu J, Shi Q, Zhang L, Wu J, Lou Y, Qian J, Zhang B, Wang S, Wang H, Zhao X and Han B: Integrated transcriptome analysis reveals KLK5 and L1CAM predict response to anlotinib in NSCLC at 3rd line. Front Oncol. 9:8862019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

88 

Liu Z, Wang J, Meng Z, Wang X, Zhang C, Qin T, Chen J, Jiang X, Wang L, Lin L, et al: CD31-labeled circulating endothelial cells as predictor in anlotinib-treated non-small-cell lung cancer: Analysis on ALTER-0303 study. Cancer Med. Jun 1–2018.(Epub ahead of print).

89 

Lu J, Zhang W, Yan B, Li H, Zhang L, Dong Y, Qian J, Wang S, Zhang B, Wu J, et al: Tumor mutation index as a biomarker for responsive stratification on multi-targeted TKI anlotinib: An ALTER-0303 companion diagnostic study. Ann Oncol. 29 (Suppl 9):ix1132018. View Article : Google Scholar

90 

Lu J, Zhong H, Wu J, Chu T, Zhang L, Li H, Wang Q, Li R, Zhao Y, Gu A, et al: Circulating DNA-based sequencing guided anlotinib therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Adv Sci (Weinh). 6:19007212019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

91 

Chen D, Xu J, Zhao Y, Chu T, Zhong H, Han B and Zhong R: Prognostic value of tumor cavitation in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer patients treated with anlotinib. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 146:401–406. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

92 

Ohm JE and Carbone DP: VEGF as a mediator of tumor-associated immunodeficiency. Immunol Res. 23:263–272. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

93 

Garber K: Promising early results for immunotherapy-antiangiogenesis combination. J Natl Cancer Inst. 106(pii): dju3922014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

94 

Rizvi NA, Antonia SJ, Shepherd FA, Chow LQ, Goldman J, Shen Y, Chen AC and Gettinger S: Nivolumab (Anti-PD-1; BMS-936558, ONO-4538) maintenance as monotherapy or in combination with bevacizumab (BEV) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) previously treated with chemotherapy: Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol. 90 (5 Suppl):S322014. View Article : Google Scholar

95 

Ahn MJ, Sun JM, Lee SH, Ahn JS and Park K: EGFR TKI combination with immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 16:465–469. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Gao Y, Liu P and Shi R: Anlotinib as a molecular targeted therapy for tumors (Review). Oncol Lett 20: 1001-1014, 2020.
APA
Gao, Y., Liu, P., & Shi, R. (2020). Anlotinib as a molecular targeted therapy for tumors (Review). Oncology Letters, 20, 1001-1014. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11685
MLA
Gao, Y., Liu, P., Shi, R."Anlotinib as a molecular targeted therapy for tumors (Review)". Oncology Letters 20.2 (2020): 1001-1014.
Chicago
Gao, Y., Liu, P., Shi, R."Anlotinib as a molecular targeted therapy for tumors (Review)". Oncology Letters 20, no. 2 (2020): 1001-1014. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11685
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Gao Y, Liu P and Shi R: Anlotinib as a molecular targeted therapy for tumors (Review). Oncol Lett 20: 1001-1014, 2020.
APA
Gao, Y., Liu, P., & Shi, R. (2020). Anlotinib as a molecular targeted therapy for tumors (Review). Oncology Letters, 20, 1001-1014. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11685
MLA
Gao, Y., Liu, P., Shi, R."Anlotinib as a molecular targeted therapy for tumors (Review)". Oncology Letters 20.2 (2020): 1001-1014.
Chicago
Gao, Y., Liu, P., Shi, R."Anlotinib as a molecular targeted therapy for tumors (Review)". Oncology Letters 20, no. 2 (2020): 1001-1014. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11685
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team