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Review Open Access

Latest evidence on immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Xurui Guo
    • Weizhang Shen
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Guo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 381
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    Published online on: October 23, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12244
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Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a type of aggressive tumor that involves the intrahepatic, perihilar and distal biliary tree, and is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. The standard first‑line systemic therapy for patients with advanced CCA is a combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin; targeted therapies and angiogenesis inhibitors are not widely used clinically at present. However, with the development of precision medicine, immunotherapy has started to play a more important role. Programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors are now considered a good therapeutic option for CCA. Treatments using chimeric antigen receptor T cells, bispecific antibodies, oncolytic viruses and cancer vaccines have also achieved satisfactory results. In addition, combinations of immunotherapy with a variety of conventional therapies have shown some efficacy, and several studies have provided insights into their use in antitumor therapy. Although there are numerous challenges in the treatment of advanced CCA, immunotherapy remains a noteworthy breakthrough. The current evidence on the immunotherapy of CCA is discussed in the present review.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Guo X and Shen W: Latest evidence on immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma (Review). Oncol Lett 20: 381, 2020.
APA
Guo, X., & Shen, W. (2020). Latest evidence on immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma (Review). Oncology Letters, 20, 381. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12244
MLA
Guo, X., Shen, W."Latest evidence on immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma (Review)". Oncology Letters 20.6 (2020): 381.
Chicago
Guo, X., Shen, W."Latest evidence on immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma (Review)". Oncology Letters 20, no. 6 (2020): 381. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12244
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Guo X and Shen W: Latest evidence on immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma (Review). Oncol Lett 20: 381, 2020.
APA
Guo, X., & Shen, W. (2020). Latest evidence on immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma (Review). Oncology Letters, 20, 381. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12244
MLA
Guo, X., Shen, W."Latest evidence on immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma (Review)". Oncology Letters 20.6 (2020): 381.
Chicago
Guo, X., Shen, W."Latest evidence on immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma (Review)". Oncology Letters 20, no. 6 (2020): 381. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12244
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