Open Access

Relationship between p53 status and the bioeffect of ionizing radiation (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Xiaohan Kong
    • Dehai Yu
    • Zhaoyi Wang
    • Sijie Li
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: July 14, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12922
  • Article Number: 661
  • Copyright: © Kong et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Radiotherapy is widely used in the clinical treatment of cancer patients and it may be used alone or in combination with surgery or chemotherapy to inhibit tumor development. However, radiotherapy may at times not kill all cancer cells completely, as certain cells may develop radioresistance that counteracts the effects of radiation. The emergence of radioresistance is associated with the genetic background and epigenetic regulation of cells. p53 is an important tumor suppressor gene that is expressed at low levels in cells. However, when cells are subjected to stress‑induced stimulation, the expression level of p53 increases, thereby preventing genomic disruption. This mechanism has important roles in maintaining cell stability and inhibiting carcinogenesis. However, mutation and deletion destroy the anticancer function of p53 and may induce carcinogenesis. In tumor radiotherapy, the status of p53 expression in cancer cells has a close relationship with radiotherapeutic efficacy. Therefore, understanding how p53 expression affects the cellular response to radiation is of great significance for solving the problem of radioresistance and improving radiotherapeutic outcomes. For the present review, the literature was searched for studies published between 1979 and 2021 using the PubMed database (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) with the following key words: Wild‑type p53, mutant‑type p53, long non‑coding RNA, microRNA, gene mutation, radioresistance and radiosensitivity. From the relevant studies retrieved, the association between different p53 mutants and cellular radiosensitivity, as well as the molecular mechanisms of p53 affecting the radiosensitivity of cells, were summarized. The aim of the present study was to provide useful information for understanding and resolving radioresistance, to help clinical researchers develop more accurate treatment strategies and to improve radiotherapeutic outcomes for cancer patients with p53 mutations.
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September-2021
Volume 22 Issue 3

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Kong X, Yu D, Wang Z and Li S: Relationship between p53 status and the bioeffect of ionizing radiation (Review). Oncol Lett 22: 661, 2021
APA
Kong, X., Yu, D., Wang, Z., & Li, S. (2021). Relationship between p53 status and the bioeffect of ionizing radiation (Review). Oncology Letters, 22, 661. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12922
MLA
Kong, X., Yu, D., Wang, Z., Li, S."Relationship between p53 status and the bioeffect of ionizing radiation (Review)". Oncology Letters 22.3 (2021): 661.
Chicago
Kong, X., Yu, D., Wang, Z., Li, S."Relationship between p53 status and the bioeffect of ionizing radiation (Review)". Oncology Letters 22, no. 3 (2021): 661. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12922