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Age, margin status, high‑risk human papillomavirus and cytology independently predict recurrent high‑grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia up to 6 years after treatment

  • Authors:
    • Sonia Andersson
    • David Megyessi
    • Karen Belkić
    • Susanna Alder
    • Ellinor Östensson
    • Miriam Mints

  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: July 27, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12945
  • Article Number: 684

  • Copyright: © Andersson et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The present study aimed to identify the factors that independently contribute to disease recurrence among women first‑time treated for high‑grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) during 4‑6 years of follow‑up. Overall, 529 of 530 eligible patients participated; these patients all attended a 1st follow‑up appointment ~6 months post‑conization, at which time high‑risk human‑papillomavirus (HPV) testing, liquid‑based cytology and colposcopy were performed. Full data on margin excision status, other aspects of initial treatment and comorbidity were obtained. At least one subsequent follow‑up was attended by 88% of patients. A total of 22 recurrent cases were detected during follow‑up. Detected recurrence was the outcome of focus for multiple logistic regression analysis, with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) computed. Four significant independent risk factors were identified: Age 45 years or above (OR=3.5, 95% CI=1.3‑9.9), one or both unclear or uncertain margins (OR=5.3, 95% CI=2.0‑14.2), positive HPV at 1st follow‑up (OR=5.8, 95% CI=2.0‑16.8), and abnormal cytology at 1st follow‑up (OR=3.9, 95% CI=1.4‑11.0). Bivariate analysis revealed that persistent HPV positivity was associated with recurrence (P<0.01). These findings indicated that incomplete excision of the CIN lesion may warrant more intensive subsequent screening, regardless of early post‑conization HPV findings. Although early post‑conization positive HPV was a powerful, independent predictor of recurrent high‑grade CIN, over one‑third of the patients with detected recurrence had a negative early post‑conization HPV finding. These patients returned for routine screening, at which time, in most cases, HPV status was positive, thus indicating the need for repeated HPV evaluation. Especially during the on‑going pandemic, home vaginal self‑sampling is recommended. Particular attention is required for women aged ≥45 years. In addition, although not statistically significant, relevant comorbidities, especially autoimmune conditions, warrant consideration in clinical decision‑making. Women who have been treated for high‑grade CIN are at risk for recurrent disease and progression to cervical cancer; therefore, they require careful, individualized follow‑up to avoid these adverse consequences.
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Spandidos Publications style
Andersson S, Megyessi D, Belkić K, Alder S, Östensson E and Mints M: Age, margin status, high‑risk human papillomavirus and cytology independently predict recurrent high‑grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia up to 6 years after treatment. Oncol Lett 22: 684, 2021
APA
Andersson, S., Megyessi, D., Belkić, K., Alder, S., Östensson, E., & Mints, M. (2021). Age, margin status, high‑risk human papillomavirus and cytology independently predict recurrent high‑grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia up to 6 years after treatment. Oncology Letters, 22, 684. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12945
MLA
Andersson, S., Megyessi, D., Belkić, K., Alder, S., Östensson, E., Mints, M."Age, margin status, high‑risk human papillomavirus and cytology independently predict recurrent high‑grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia up to 6 years after treatment". Oncology Letters 22.3 (2021): 684.
Chicago
Andersson, S., Megyessi, D., Belkić, K., Alder, S., Östensson, E., Mints, M."Age, margin status, high‑risk human papillomavirus and cytology independently predict recurrent high‑grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia up to 6 years after treatment". Oncology Letters 22, no. 3 (2021): 684. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12945