Anti‑inflammatory and nutritional improvement effects of dietary supplementation combined with fish oil in patients with epithelial cancer

Shirai,Yumiko; Morita,Shunsuke; Iwata,Takashi; Nakai,Hiroko; Yoshikawa,Mayu; Yoshida,Kazuma; Iwamoto,Hiroshi; Miyaji,Kazuhiro; Okugawa,Yoshinaga; Miki,Chikao; Tanaka,Koji

doi:10.3892/ol.2022.13426

Anti‑inflammatory and nutritional improvement effects of dietary supplementation combined with fish oil in patients with epithelial cancer

Authors:
- Yumiko Shirai
- Shunsuke Morita
- Takashi Iwata
- Hiroko Nakai
- Mayu Yoshikawa
- Kazuma Yoshida
- Hiroshi Iwamoto
- Kazuhiro Miyaji
- Yoshinaga Okugawa
- Chikao Miki
- Koji Tanaka
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Affiliations: Department of Nutrition, Iga City General Hospital, Iga, Mie 518‑0823, Japan, Health Care and Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa 252‑8583, Japan, Cancer Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi 480‑1195, Japan, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514‑8507, Japan, Heiikukai Medical Corporation, Tokyo 103‑0002, Japan, Department of Surgery, Iga City General Hospital, Iga, Mie 518‑0823, Japan
Published online on: July 12, 2022 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2022.13426
Article Number: 306
Copyright : © Shirai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].

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Abstract

The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation combined with fish oil containing relatively low levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the inflammatory and nutritional status of patients with epithelial cancer. Fish oil capsules (498 mg EPA and 213 mg DHA) and dietary supplements (100 kcal and 5 g protein) were administered for 8 weeks to 20 patients with cancer and inflammation [C‑reactive protein (CRP) ≥0.30 mg/dl]. Blood EPA levels increased significantly after 4 and 8 weeks, while no significant differences were observed in log‑transformed (log) CRP levels, which were the major inflammatory indices in these patients. A declining trend was observed at 8 weeks after excluding 2 patients with suspected infection (P=0.06). A significant increase was observed from week 0 to week 8 for log interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) levels. After excluding the 2 patients with suspected infection, no significant difference was observed when comparing week 0 to week 8 for log IL‑6. No deterioration in albumin or pre‑albumin levels was observed. These results suggest that although suppression of acute inflammation associated with infection is difficult, intake of relatively low EPA and DHA supplements may be effective for mild chronic inflammation in patients with epithelial cancer without infection. Large‑scale randomized clinical trials are required to make the final decision regarding efficacy. The study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN‑CTR; 06/07/2018, UMIN000033309).

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