Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
February-2023 Volume 25 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
February-2023 Volume 25 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Prognostic factors in resected pulmonary carcinoid tumors: A retrospective study with 10 years of follow‑up

  • Authors:
    • Lin Du
    • Vinicius Ernani
    • Alex Liu
    • Steven E. Schild
    • Dawn E. Jaroszewski
    • Steven D. Cassivi
    • Staci. E. Beamer
    • Yung-Hung Luo
    • Jason A. Wampfler
    • Pedro A. Reck Dos Santos
    • Dennis Wigle
    • Daqiang Sun
    • K. Robert Shen
    • Ping Yang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300222, P.R. China, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85260, USA, Division of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85260, USA, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85260, USA, Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA, Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85260, USA
    Copyright: © Du et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 80
    |
    Published online on: January 10, 2023
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13666
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The objective of the present study was to characterize the difference in 10‑year carcinoid‑specific survival (CSS) and disease‑free survival (DFS) among patients with resected pulmonary typical carcinoid (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC). Patients diagnosed with pulmonary carcinoid tumors (PCT) between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 2016, were identified. All patients underwent video‑assisted thoracoscopic surgery or thoracotomy with thoracic lymphadenectomy. Cumulative CSS was estimated using the Kaplan‑Meier model. The analysis of hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was performed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. A total of 404 patients with PCT were included in the present study. The 10‑year CSS and DFS rates of patients with AC were significantly worse than those of patients with TC (49.1 vs. 86.8% and 52.2 vs. 92.6%, respectively; P<0.001). In the CSS multivariate analysis, older age and lymph node involvement (HR, 2.45; P=0.022) were associated with worse survival in AC, while age, male sex, M1 stage, cigarette smoking and inadequate N2 lymphadenectomy were associate with worse survival in TC. In the recurrence multivariate analysis, N1‑3 stage (HR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.16‑5.95; P=0.018) and inadequate N2 lymphadenectomy (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.04‑4.39; P=0.041) were associated with an increase in recurrence in AC, while male sex (HR, 3.72; 95% CI, 1.33‑10.42; P=0.010) and M1 stage (HR, 14.93; 95% CI, 4.77‑46.77; P<0.001) were associated with an increase in recurrence in TC. In conclusion, patients with AC tumors had significantly worse CSS and DFS rates compared with patients with TC. The degree of nodal involvement in AC was a prognostic marker, in contrast to that in TC. Inadequate lymphadenectomy increased the risk of recurrence in AC and mortality in TC, although surgical approaches did not have a significant impact. The present study therefore emphasizes the importance of mediastinal nodal dissection in patients with PCTs.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Rekhtman N: Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung: An update. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 134:1628–1638. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Yao JC, Hassan M, Phan A, Dagohoy C, Leary C, Mares JE, Abdalla EK, Fleming JB, Vauthey JN, Rashid A and Evans DB: One hundred years after ‘carcinoid’: epidemiology of and prognostic factors for neuroendocrine tumors in 35,825 cases in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 26:3063–3072. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Travis WD, Brambilla E, Nicholson AG, Yatabe Y, Austin JHM, Beasley MB, Chirieac LR, Dacic S, Duhig E, Flieder DB, et al: The 2015 World Health Organization classification of lung tumors: Impact of genetic, clinical and radiologic advances since the 2004 classification. J Thorac Oncol. 10:1243–1260. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Yang P, Allen MS, Aubry MC, Wampfler JA, Marks RS, Edell ES, Thibodeau S, Adjei AA, Jett J and Deschamps C: Clinical features of 5,628 primary lung cancer patients: Experience at Mayo Clinic from 1997 to 2003. Chest. 128:452–462. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Ettinger DS, Wood DE, Aisner DL, Akerley W, Bauman J, Chirieac LR, D'Amico TA, DeCamp MM, Dilling TJ, Dobelbower M, et al: Non-small cell lung cancer, version 5.2017, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 15:504–535. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, . The health consequences of smoking-50 years of progress: A report of the surgeon general. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health; 2014

7 

Amin MB, Greene FL, Edge SB, Byrd DR, Brookland RK, Washington MK, Gershenwald JE, Compton CC, Hess KR, Sullivan DC, et al: AJCC staging manual. 8th edition. Springer International Publishing; New York, NY: pp. 1–1024. 2017

8 

Cao C, Yan TD, Kennedy C, Hendel N, Bannon PG and McCaughan BC: Bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors: Long-term outcomes after resection. Ann Thorac Surg. 91:339–343. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Skuladottir H, Hirsch FR, Hansen HH and Olsen JH: Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors: Incidence and prognosis of histological subtypes. A population-based study in Denmark. Lung Cancer. 37:127–135. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Stolz A, Harustiak T, Simonek J, Schutzner J, Polanecky O, Burkert J and Lischke R: Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with pulmonary carcinoid tumors. Neoplasma. 62:478–483. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Froudarakis M, Fournel P, Burgard G, Bouros D, Boucheron S, Siafakas NM and Emonot A: Bronchial carcinoids. A review of 22 cases. Oncology. 53:153–158. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Fink G, Krelbaum T, Yellin A, Bendayan D, Saute M, Glazer M and Kramer MR: Pulmonary carcinoid: Presentation, diagnosis, and outcome in 142 cases in Israel and review of 640 cases from the literature. Chest. 119:1647–1651. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Beasley MB, Thunnissen FB, Brambilla E, Hasleton P, Steele R, Hammar SP, Colby TV, Sheppard M, Shimosato Y, Koss MN, et al: Pulmonary atypical carcinoid: Predictors of survival in 106 cases. Hum Pathol. 31:1255–1265. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Martini N, Zaman MB, Bains MS, Burt ME, McCormack PM, Rusch VW and Ginsberg RJ: Treatment and prognosis in bronchial carcinoids involving regional lymph nodes. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 107:1–7. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Yendamuri S, Gold D, Jayaprakash V, Dexter E, Nwogu C and Demmy T: Is sublobar resection sufficient for carcinoid tumors? Ann Thorac Surg. 92:1774–1779. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Lou F, Sarkaria I, Pietanza C, Travis W, Roh MS, Sica G, Healy D, Rusch V and Huang J: Recurrence of pulmonary carcinoid tumors after resection: Implications for postoperative surveillance. Ann Thorac Surg. 96:1156–1162. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Kneuertz PJ, Kamel MK, Stiles BM, Lee BE, Rahouma M, Harrison SW, Altorki NK and Port JL: Incidence and prognostic significance of carcinoid lymph node metastases. Ann Thorac Surg. 106:981–988. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Johnson R, Trocha S, McLawhorn M, Worley M, Wheeler G, Thompson L, Schisler N, Schammel D, Schammel C, Stephenson J and Bolton W: Histology, not lymph node involvement, predicts long-term survival in bronchopulmonary carcinoids. Am Surg. 77:1669–1674. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Cardillo G, Sera F, Di Martino M, Graziano P, Giunti R, Carbone L, Facciolo F and Martelli M: Bronchial carcinoid tumors: Nodal status and long-term survival after resection. Ann Thorac Surg. 77:1781–1785. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Okereke IC, Taber AM, Griffith RC and Ng TT: Outcomes after surgical resection of pulmonary carcinoid tumors. J Cardiothorac Surg. 11:352016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Ramirez RA, Beyer DT, Diebold AE, Voros BA, Chester MM, Wang YZ, Boudreaux JP, Woltering EA, Uhlhorn AP, Ryan P, et al: Prognostic factors in typical and atypical pulmonary carcinoids. Ochsner J. 17:335–340. 2017.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Chen X, Pang Z, Wang Y, Bie F, Zeng Y, Wang G and Du J: The role of surgery for atypical bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumor: Development and validation of a model based on surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database. Lung Cancer. 139:94–102. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Walters SL, Canavan ME, Salazar MC, Resio BJ, Blasberg JD, Mase V and Boffa DJ: A national study of surgically managed atypical pulmonary carcinoid tumors. Ann Thorac Surg. 112:921–927. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Canizares MA, Matilla JM, Cueto A, Algar J, Muguruza I, Moreno-Mata N, Moreno-Balsalobre R, Guijarro R, Arrabal R, Garcia-Fontan E, et al: Atypical carcinoid tumours of the lung: Prognostic factors and patterns of recurrence. Thorax. 69:648–653. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Du L, Ernani V, Liu A, Schild S, Jaroszewski D, Cassivi S, Beamer S, Luo Y, Wampfler J, Reck Dos Santos P, Reck Dos Santos P, et al: Prognostic factors in resected pulmonary carcinoid tumors: A retrospective study with 10 years of follow‑up. Oncol Lett 25: 80, 2023.
APA
Du, L., Ernani, V., Liu, A., Schild, S., Jaroszewski, D., Cassivi, S. ... Yang, P. (2023). Prognostic factors in resected pulmonary carcinoid tumors: A retrospective study with 10 years of follow‑up. Oncology Letters, 25, 80. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13666
MLA
Du, L., Ernani, V., Liu, A., Schild, S., Jaroszewski, D., Cassivi, S., Beamer, S., Luo, Y., Wampfler, J., Reck Dos Santos, P., Wigle, D., Sun, D., Shen, K., Yang, P."Prognostic factors in resected pulmonary carcinoid tumors: A retrospective study with 10 years of follow‑up". Oncology Letters 25.2 (2023): 80.
Chicago
Du, L., Ernani, V., Liu, A., Schild, S., Jaroszewski, D., Cassivi, S., Beamer, S., Luo, Y., Wampfler, J., Reck Dos Santos, P., Wigle, D., Sun, D., Shen, K., Yang, P."Prognostic factors in resected pulmonary carcinoid tumors: A retrospective study with 10 years of follow‑up". Oncology Letters 25, no. 2 (2023): 80. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13666
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Du L, Ernani V, Liu A, Schild S, Jaroszewski D, Cassivi S, Beamer S, Luo Y, Wampfler J, Reck Dos Santos P, Reck Dos Santos P, et al: Prognostic factors in resected pulmonary carcinoid tumors: A retrospective study with 10 years of follow‑up. Oncol Lett 25: 80, 2023.
APA
Du, L., Ernani, V., Liu, A., Schild, S., Jaroszewski, D., Cassivi, S. ... Yang, P. (2023). Prognostic factors in resected pulmonary carcinoid tumors: A retrospective study with 10 years of follow‑up. Oncology Letters, 25, 80. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13666
MLA
Du, L., Ernani, V., Liu, A., Schild, S., Jaroszewski, D., Cassivi, S., Beamer, S., Luo, Y., Wampfler, J., Reck Dos Santos, P., Wigle, D., Sun, D., Shen, K., Yang, P."Prognostic factors in resected pulmonary carcinoid tumors: A retrospective study with 10 years of follow‑up". Oncology Letters 25.2 (2023): 80.
Chicago
Du, L., Ernani, V., Liu, A., Schild, S., Jaroszewski, D., Cassivi, S., Beamer, S., Luo, Y., Wampfler, J., Reck Dos Santos, P., Wigle, D., Sun, D., Shen, K., Yang, P."Prognostic factors in resected pulmonary carcinoid tumors: A retrospective study with 10 years of follow‑up". Oncology Letters 25, no. 2 (2023): 80. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13666
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team