Buccinator muscle invasion is a risk factor for cervical lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa: A retrospective study

Hirai,Hideaki; Nishii,Naoto; Oikawa,Yu; Ohsako,Toshimitsu; Kugimoto,Takuma; Kuroshima,Takeshi; Tomioka,Hirofumi; Michi,Yasuyuki; Kayamori,Kou; Ikeda,Tohru; Harada,Hiroyuki

doi:10.3892/ol.2023.13812

Buccinator muscle invasion is a risk factor for cervical lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa: A retrospective study

Authors:
- Hideaki Hirai
- Naoto Nishii
- Yu Oikawa
- Toshimitsu Ohsako
- Takuma Kugimoto
- Takeshi Kuroshima
- Hirofumi Tomioka
- Yasuyuki Michi
- Kou Kayamori
- Tohru Ikeda
- Hiroyuki Harada
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Affiliations: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951‑8514, Japan, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113‑8519, Japan, Department of Oral Pathology, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113‑8519, Japan
Published online on: April 13, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13812
Article Number: 226
Copyright: © Hirai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The present study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma (BMSCC). This retrospective study included patients with primary BMSCC who underwent surgery at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology of Tokyo Medical and Dental University (Tokyo, Japan) between January 2008 and December 2017. The following data were collected and analyzed: Sex, age, primary lesion subsite, tumor/node/metastasis stage, clinical growth patterns, tumor differentiation, lymphovascular and perineural invasion, mode of invasion, pathological depth of invasion, extent of tumor invasion, and clinical outcome of patients with BMSCC. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the possible risk factors for CLNM. A total of 75 patients were included in the present study, among whom 30 (40%) were found to have histological CLNM. Of the 33 patients with buccinator muscle infiltration by the tumor, 24 (72.7%) had CLNM. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that buccinator muscle invasion was the most significant predictive risk factor for CLNM in BMSCC. The present study found that tumor invasion of the buccinator muscle was the most significant predictive risk factor for CLNM in BMSCC. Therefore, elective neck dissection should be performed if buccinator muscle invasion is identified in patients with BMSCC.

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