Open Access

Primary pulmonary intravascular large B‑cell lymphoma misdiagnosed as pneumonia: Four case reports and a literature review

  • Authors:
    • Mengxia Zhu
    • Ying Chang
    • Haijian Fan
    • Jiong Shi
    • Bin Zhu
    • Xiaoli Mai
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: April 18, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13820
  • Article Number: 234
  • Copyright: © Zhu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Primary pulmonary intravascular large B‑cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare, malignant extranodal lymphoma. It is difficult to diagnose clinically as it requires a combination of clinical and computed tomography (CT) evaluations, as well as laboratory and pathological examinations. In the present study, 4 cases of primary pulmonary IVLBCL were reviewed. The patients' ages ranged from 60 to 69 years old. Of the 4 patients, 3 developed progressive dyspnea on exertion and intermittent fever. Other symptoms included coughing, chest tightness and weight loss. Laboratory data indicated that all patients had anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoxemia, a markedly high serum lactate dehydrogenase level, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and increased C‑reactive protein. CT demonstrated increased attenuation in bilateral lung parenchyma, especially in the upper lobes, with multiple ground‑glass opacities associated with small nodules in these patients. Initially, all 4 patients were misdiagnosed with pneumonia. However, none of them responded to anti‑inflammatory treatments. The pathologies of all patients were confirmed using lung biopsy. Only 1 patient received regular combination chemotherapy. Based on the observations of the present study, a standard regimen for lymphoma treatment may result in a notable clinical response.
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June-2023
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Spandidos Publications style
Zhu M, Chang Y, Fan H, Shi J, Zhu B and Mai X: Primary pulmonary intravascular large B‑cell lymphoma misdiagnosed as pneumonia: Four case reports and a literature review. Oncol Lett 25: 234, 2023
APA
Zhu, M., Chang, Y., Fan, H., Shi, J., Zhu, B., & Mai, X. (2023). Primary pulmonary intravascular large B‑cell lymphoma misdiagnosed as pneumonia: Four case reports and a literature review. Oncology Letters, 25, 234. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13820
MLA
Zhu, M., Chang, Y., Fan, H., Shi, J., Zhu, B., Mai, X."Primary pulmonary intravascular large B‑cell lymphoma misdiagnosed as pneumonia: Four case reports and a literature review". Oncology Letters 25.6 (2023): 234.
Chicago
Zhu, M., Chang, Y., Fan, H., Shi, J., Zhu, B., Mai, X."Primary pulmonary intravascular large B‑cell lymphoma misdiagnosed as pneumonia: Four case reports and a literature review". Oncology Letters 25, no. 6 (2023): 234. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13820