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Article Open Access

Concordance between microsatellite instability testing and immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins and efficient screening of mismatch repair deficient gastric cancer

  • Authors:
    • Gou Yamamoto
    • Tetsuya Ito
    • Okihide Suzuki
    • Nao Kamae
    • Miho Kakuta
    • Akemi Takahashi
    • Katsuya Iuchi
    • Tomio Arai
    • Hideyuki Ishida
    • Kiwamu Akagi
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Molecular Diagnosis and Cancer Prevention, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama 362‑0806, Japan, Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350‑8550, Japan, Department of Clinical Genetics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350‑8550, Japan, Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173‑0015, Japan
    Copyright: © Yamamoto et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 494
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    Published online on: September 29, 2023
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14081
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Abstract

Microsatellite instability (MSI) testing, an established technique that has gained prominence in recent years for its predictive potential regarding the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors, is used to evaluate DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency (dMMR). As with other methods, the immunohistochemistry (IHC) of MMR proteins is also widely adopted. Although both techniques have been validated, their concordance rate remains unknown, particularly regarding non‑colorectal cancer. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore and elucidate their concordance in the context of gastric cancer (GC). A total of 489 surgically resected primary GC tissues were analyzed to compare the results yielded by the MSI test and those from IHC. Of 488 GC cases, 56 (11.5%) exhibited a loss of MMR proteins, whereas 52 (10.7%) were classified as high‑frequency MSI (MSI‑H). The concordance rate between these two categories was 99.2%. The microsatellite markers BAT26 and MONO27 demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 99.5% specificity in detecting dMMR GC. In addition, histopathological analysis revealed that MSI‑H was more prevalent in GCs exhibiting coexisting Tub2 and Por1 subtypes. However, four discordant cases were observed. All four cases were microsatellite‑stable cases but exhibited loss of MLH1 protein expression with hypermethylation of the MLH1 promoter. The results of the present study highlight that while there is a strong concordance between MSI and IHC testing results for determining dMMR status, IHC testing may offer superior efficacy in detecting dMMR.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yamamoto G, Ito T, Suzuki O, Kamae N, Kakuta M, Takahashi A, Iuchi K, Arai T, Ishida H, Akagi K, Akagi K, et al: Concordance between microsatellite instability testing and immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins and efficient screening of mismatch repair deficient gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 26: 494, 2023.
APA
Yamamoto, G., Ito, T., Suzuki, O., Kamae, N., Kakuta, M., Takahashi, A. ... Akagi, K. (2023). Concordance between microsatellite instability testing and immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins and efficient screening of mismatch repair deficient gastric cancer. Oncology Letters, 26, 494. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14081
MLA
Yamamoto, G., Ito, T., Suzuki, O., Kamae, N., Kakuta, M., Takahashi, A., Iuchi, K., Arai, T., Ishida, H., Akagi, K."Concordance between microsatellite instability testing and immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins and efficient screening of mismatch repair deficient gastric cancer". Oncology Letters 26.5 (2023): 494.
Chicago
Yamamoto, G., Ito, T., Suzuki, O., Kamae, N., Kakuta, M., Takahashi, A., Iuchi, K., Arai, T., Ishida, H., Akagi, K."Concordance between microsatellite instability testing and immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins and efficient screening of mismatch repair deficient gastric cancer". Oncology Letters 26, no. 5 (2023): 494. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14081
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yamamoto G, Ito T, Suzuki O, Kamae N, Kakuta M, Takahashi A, Iuchi K, Arai T, Ishida H, Akagi K, Akagi K, et al: Concordance between microsatellite instability testing and immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins and efficient screening of mismatch repair deficient gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 26: 494, 2023.
APA
Yamamoto, G., Ito, T., Suzuki, O., Kamae, N., Kakuta, M., Takahashi, A. ... Akagi, K. (2023). Concordance between microsatellite instability testing and immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins and efficient screening of mismatch repair deficient gastric cancer. Oncology Letters, 26, 494. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14081
MLA
Yamamoto, G., Ito, T., Suzuki, O., Kamae, N., Kakuta, M., Takahashi, A., Iuchi, K., Arai, T., Ishida, H., Akagi, K."Concordance between microsatellite instability testing and immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins and efficient screening of mismatch repair deficient gastric cancer". Oncology Letters 26.5 (2023): 494.
Chicago
Yamamoto, G., Ito, T., Suzuki, O., Kamae, N., Kakuta, M., Takahashi, A., Iuchi, K., Arai, T., Ishida, H., Akagi, K."Concordance between microsatellite instability testing and immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins and efficient screening of mismatch repair deficient gastric cancer". Oncology Letters 26, no. 5 (2023): 494. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14081
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