Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
March-2024 Volume 27 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
March-2024 Volume 27 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data1.pdf
    • Supplementary_Data2.pdf
Article Open Access

Single‑agent nintedanib suppresses metastatic osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting tumor vascular formation

  • Authors:
    • Takatsune Shimizu
    • Atsunobu Sagara
    • Yumi Fukuchi
    • Akihiro Muto
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142‑8501, Japan, Division of Applied Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142‑8501, Japan
    Copyright: © Shimizu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 123
    |
    Published online on: January 25, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14254
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

New therapeutic approaches are needed for osteosarcoma, which is the most common malignancy of the bone, especially for metastatic cases. Nintedanib is a potent, oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which blocks a variety of receptor signals, including fibroblast growth factor receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors and platelet‑derived growth factor receptors. The present study assessed the effect of nintedanib on previously developed mouse AXT osteosarcoma cells, and on AXT‑derived osteosarcoma developed in C57BL/6 mice, which displays lethal tumors with osteoid formation and lung metastatic lesions that mimics human disease. In vitro analysis, including flow cytometry and immunoblotting, revealed that nintedanib inhibited AXT cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, induced apoptosis, and inactivated AKT and ERK1/2. Immunoblot analysis using tumor lysates demonstrated that nintedanib inhibited its target molecules in vivo. As a single agent, nintedanib decreased the size of primary AXT‑derived osteosarcoma, and reduced circulating tumor cells and lung metastasis. Immunohistochemical findings indicated that nintedanib exerted antitumor activity mainly by inhibiting the formation of CD31‑positive tumor vasculature, while αSMA‑positive cells were still enriched in tumors after nintedanib treatment. In addition, nintedanib exhibited an anti‑osteosarcoma effect on C57BL/6 severe combined immunodeficient mice in which T‑ and B‑cell function is obsolete, suggesting that the antitumor effect of nintedanib was not attributable to antitumor immunity. Collectively, these findings indicated that nintedanib holds potential for treating osteosarcoma.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Ritter J and Bielack SS: Osteosarcoma. Ann Oncol. 21 (Suppl 7):vii320–vii325. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Fletcher CDM, Unni KK and Mertens F: Osteogenic tumours: WHO Classification Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone. IARC Press; Lyon: 2002

3 

Jaffe N: Osteosarcoma: Review of the past, impact on the future. The American experience. Cancer Treatment and Res. 152:239–262. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Moore DD and Luu HH: Osteosarcoma. Cancer Treat Res. 162:65–92. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Shimizu T, Ishikawa T, Sugihara E, Kuninaka S, Miyamoto T, Mabuchi Y, Matsuzaki Y, Tsunoda T, Miya F, Morioka H, et al: c-MYC overexpression with loss of Ink4a/Arf transforms bone marrow stromal cells into osteosarcoma accompanied by loss of adipogenesis. Oncogene. 29:5687–5699. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Shimizu T, Sugihara E, Yamaguchi-Iwai S, Tamaki S, Koyama Y, Kamel W, Ueki A, Ishikawa T, Chiyoda T, Osuka S, et al: IGF2 preserves osteosarcoma cell survival by creating an autophagic state of dormancy that protects cells against chemotherapeutic stress. Cancer Res. 74:6531–6541. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Yamaguchi SI, Ueki A, Sugihara E, Onishi N, Yaguchi T, Kawakami Y, Horiuchi K, Morioka H, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M, et al: Synergistic antiproliferative effect of imatinib and adriamycin in platelet-derived growth factor receptor-expressing osteosarcoma cells. Cancer Sci. 106:875–882. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Kamel WA, Sugihara E, Nobusue H, Yamaguchi-Iwai S, Onishi N, Maki K, Fukuchi Y, Matsuo K, Muto A, Saya H and Shimizu T: Simvastatin-induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells: A key role of RhoA-AMPK/p38 MAPK signaling in antitumor activity. Mol Cancer Ther. 16:182–192. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Shimizu T, Ishikawa T, Iwai S, Ueki A, Sugihara E, Onishi N, Kuninaka S, Miyamoto T, Toyama Y, Ijiri H, et al: Fibroblast growth factor-2 is an important factor that maintains cellular immaturity and contributes to aggressiveness of osteosarcoma. Mol Cancer Res. 10:454–468. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Hilberg F, Roth GJ, Krssak M, Kautschitsch S, Sommergruber W, Tontsch-Grunt U, Garin-Chesa P, Bader G, Zoephel A, Quant J, et al: BIBF 1120: Triple angiokinase inhibitor with sustained receptor blockade and good antitumor efficacy. Cancer Res. 68:4774–4782. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Roth GJ, Heckel A, Colbatzky F, Handschuh S, Kley J, Lehmann-Lintz T, Lotz R, Tontsch-Grunt U, Walter R and Hilberg F: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of indolinones as triple angiokinase inhibitors and the discovery of a highly specific 6-methoxycarbonyl-substituted indolinone (BIBF 1120). J Med Chem. 52:4466–4480. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Wind S, Schmid U, Freiwald M, Marzin K, Lotz R, Ebner T, Stopfer P and Dallinger C: Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nintedanib. Clin Pharmacokinet. 58:1131–1147. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Richeldi L, Costabel U, Selman M, Kim DS, Hansell DM, Nicholson AG, Brown KK, Flaherty KR, Noble PW, Raghu G, et al: Efficacy of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. New Engl J Med. 365:1079–1087. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Richeldi L, du Bois RM, Raghu G, Azuma A, Brown KK, Costabel U, Cottin V, Flaherty KR, Hansell DM, Inoue Y, et al: Efficacy and safety of nintedanib in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. New Engl J Med. 370:2071–2082. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Reck M, Kaiser R, Mellemgaard A, Douillard JY, Orlov S, Krzakowski M, von Pawel J, Gottfried M, Bondarenko I, Liao M, et al: Docetaxel plus nintedanib versus docetaxel plus placebo in patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (LUME-Lung 1): A phase 3, double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 15:143–155. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Kutluk Cenik B, Ostapoff K T, Gerber DE and Brekken RA: BIBF 1120 (nintedanib), a triple angiokinase inhibitor, induces hypoxia but not EMT and blocks progression of preclinical models of lung and pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer Ther. 12:992–1001. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Awasthi N and Schwartz RE: Profile of nintedanib in the treatment of solid tumors: The evidence to date. Onco Targets Ther. 8:3691–3701. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Awasthi N, Hinz S, Brekken RA, Schwarz MA and Schwarz RE: Nintedanib, a triple angiokinase inhibitor, enhances cytotoxic therapy response in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett. 358:59–66. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Marqués M, Corral S, Sánchez-Díaz M, Del Pozo N, Martínez de Villarreal J, Schweifer N, Zagorac I, Hilberg F and Real FX: Tumor and stromal cell targeting with nintedanib and alpelisib overcomes intrinsic bladder cancer resistance. Mol Cancer Ther. 22:616–629. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Liu J, Gao J, Wang A, Jiang Z, Qi S, Qi Z, Liu F, Yu K, Cao J, Chen C, et al: Nintedanib overcomes drug resistance from upregulation of FGFR signalling and imatinib-induced KIT mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Mol Oncol. 16:1761–1774. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Gabasa M, Ikemori R, Hilberg F, Reguart N and Alcaraz J: Nintedanib selectively inhibits the activation and tumour-promoting effects of fibroblasts from lung adenocarcinoma patients. Br J Cancer. 117:1128–1138. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Yamanaka T, Harimoto N, Yokobori T, Muranushi R, Hoshino K, Hagiwara K, Gantumur D, Handa T, Ishii N, Tsukagoshi M, et al: Nintedanib inhibits intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma aggressiveness via suppression of cytokines extracted from activated cancer-associated fibroblasts. Br J Cancer. 122:986–994. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Kato R, Haratani K, Hayashi H, Sakai K, Sakai H, Kawakami H, Tanaka K, Takeda M, Yonesaka K, Nishio K and Nakagawa K: Nintedanib promotes antitumour immunity and shows antitumour activity in combination with PD-1 blockade in mice: Potential role of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Br J Cancer. 124:914–924. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Ledermann JA, Hackshaw A, Kaye S, Jayson G, Gabra H, McNeish I, Earl H, Perren T, Gore M, Persic M, et al: Randomized phase II placebo-controlled trial of maintenance therapy using the oral triple angiokinase inhibitor BIBF 1120 after chemotherapy for relapsed ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol. 29:3798–3804. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Grosso F, Steele N, Novello S, Nowak AK, Popat S, Greillier L, John T, Leighl NB, Reck M, Taylor P, et al: Nintedanib plus pemetrexed/cisplatin in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma: Phase II results from the randomized, placebo-controlled LUME-meso trial. J Clin Oncol. 35:3591–3600. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Zhang W, Zhao JM, Lin J, Hu CZ, Zhang WB, Yang WL, Zhang J, Zhang JW and Zhu J: Adaptive fibrogenic reprogramming of osteosarcoma stem cells promotes metastatic growth. Cell Rep. 24:1266–1277.e5. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Shimizu T, Kimura K, Sugihara E, Yamaguchi-Iwai S, Nobusue H, Sampetrean O, Otsuki Y, Fukuchi Y, Saitoh K, Kato K, et al: MEK inhibition preferentially suppresses anchorage-independent growth in osteosarcoma cells and decreases tumors in vivo. J Orthop Res. 39:2732–2743. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Shimizu T, Sugihara E, Takeshima H, Nobusue H, Yamaguchi R, Yamaguchi-Iwai S, Fukuchi Y, Ushijima T, Muto A and Saya H: Depletion of R270C mutant p53 in osteosarcoma attenuates cell growth but does not prevent invasion and metastasis in vivo. Cells. 11:36142022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Schneider CA, Rasband WS and Eliceiri KW: NIH image to ImageJ: 25 Years of image analysis. Nat Methods. 9:671–675. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Johnson DE, O'Keefe RA and Grandis JR: Targeting the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signalling axis in cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 15:234–248. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Ha H, Debnath B and Neamati N: Role of the CXCL8-CXCR1/2 axis in cancer and inflammatory diseases. Theranostics. 7:1543–1588. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Gross AC, Cam H, Phelps DA, Saraf AJ, Bid HK, Cam M, London CA, Winget SA, Arnold MA, Brandolini L, et al: IL-6 and CXCL8 mediate osteosarcoma-lung interactions critical to metastasis. JCI Insight. 3:e997912018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Sappino AP, Skalli O, Jackson B, Schürch W and Gabbiani G: Smooth-muscle differentiation in stromal cells of malignant and non-malignant breast tissues. Int J Cancer. 41:707–712. 1988. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Orimo A, Gupta PB, Sgroi DC, Arenzana-Seisdedos F, Delaunay T, Naeem R, Carey VJ, Richardson AL and Weinberg RA: Stromal fibroblasts present in invasive human breast carcinomas promote tumor growth and angiogenesis through elevated SDF-1/CXCL12 secretion. Cell. 121:335–348. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Wollin L, Maillet I, Quesniaux V, Holweg A and Ryffel B: Antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory activity of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib in experimental models of lung fibrosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 349:209–220. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Hostettler KE, Zhong J, Papakonstantinou E, Karakiulakis G, Tamm M, Seidel P, Sun Q, Mandal J, Lardinois D, Lambers C and Roth M: Anti-fibrotic effects of nintedanib in lung fibroblasts derived from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res. 15:1572014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Labrie M, Brugge JS, Mills GB and Zervantonakis IK: Therapy resistance: Opportunities created by adaptive responses to targeted therapies in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 22:323–339. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Bejarano L, Jordāo MJC and Joyce JA: Therapeutic targeting of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Discov. 11:933–959. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Vail ME, Farnsworth RH, Hii L, Allen S, Arora S, Anderson RL, Dickins RA, Orimo A, Wu SZ, Swarbrick A, et al: Inhibition of EphA3 expression in tumour stromal cells suppresses tumour growth and progression. Cancers (Basel). 15:46462023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Albrengues J, Bertero T, Grasset E, Bonan S, Maiel M, Bourget I, Philippe C, Herraiz Serrano C, Benamar S, Croce O, et al: Epigenetic switch drives the conversion of fibroblasts into proinvasive cancer-associated fibroblasts. Nat Commun. 6:102042015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Shimizu T, Sagara A, Fukuchi Y and Muto A: Single‑agent nintedanib suppresses metastatic osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting tumor vascular formation. Oncol Lett 27: 123, 2024.
APA
Shimizu, T., Sagara, A., Fukuchi, Y., & Muto, A. (2024). Single‑agent nintedanib suppresses metastatic osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting tumor vascular formation. Oncology Letters, 27, 123. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14254
MLA
Shimizu, T., Sagara, A., Fukuchi, Y., Muto, A."Single‑agent nintedanib suppresses metastatic osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting tumor vascular formation". Oncology Letters 27.3 (2024): 123.
Chicago
Shimizu, T., Sagara, A., Fukuchi, Y., Muto, A."Single‑agent nintedanib suppresses metastatic osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting tumor vascular formation". Oncology Letters 27, no. 3 (2024): 123. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14254
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Shimizu T, Sagara A, Fukuchi Y and Muto A: Single‑agent nintedanib suppresses metastatic osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting tumor vascular formation. Oncol Lett 27: 123, 2024.
APA
Shimizu, T., Sagara, A., Fukuchi, Y., & Muto, A. (2024). Single‑agent nintedanib suppresses metastatic osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting tumor vascular formation. Oncology Letters, 27, 123. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14254
MLA
Shimizu, T., Sagara, A., Fukuchi, Y., Muto, A."Single‑agent nintedanib suppresses metastatic osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting tumor vascular formation". Oncology Letters 27.3 (2024): 123.
Chicago
Shimizu, T., Sagara, A., Fukuchi, Y., Muto, A."Single‑agent nintedanib suppresses metastatic osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting tumor vascular formation". Oncology Letters 27, no. 3 (2024): 123. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14254
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team