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Article Open Access

Immune analysis of urine and plasma samples from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma

  • Authors:
    • Daniela Vargová
    • Ján Dargaj
    • Matúš Dohál
    • Soňa Fraňová
    • Ján Ľupták
    • Ingrid Škorňová
    • Ján Švihra
    • Lukáš Briš
    • Pavol Slávik
    • Martina Šutovská
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia, Department of Urology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava and University Hospital Martin, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia, Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia, Department of Hematology and Transfusiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava and University Hospital Martin, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia, Department of Pathological Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
    Copyright: © Vargová et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 281
    |
    Published online on: April 25, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14414
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Abstract

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the third most common type of urological malignancy worldwide, and it is associated with a silent progression and late manifestation. Patients with a metastatic form of ccRCC have a poor prognosis; however, when the disease is diagnosed early, it is largely curable. Currently, there are no biomarkers available in clinical practice for ccRCC. Thus, the aim of the present study was to measure 27 biologically relevant cytokines in preoperative and postoperative urine samples, and in preoperative plasma samples from 34 patients with ccRCC, and to evaluate their diagnostic significance. The concentrations of cytokines were assessed by multiplex immune assay. The results showed significantly higher levels of IL‑1 receptor antagonist, IL‑6, IL‑15, chemokine (C‑C motif) ligand (CCL)2, CCL3, CCL4, C‑X‑C motif ligand (CXCL)10, granulocyte‑macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM‑CSF) and platelet‑derived growth factor‑BB (PDGF‑BB), and lower levels of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G‑CSF) in urine samples from patients prior to surgery compared with those in the controls. Notably, the urine levels of G‑CSF, IL‑5 and vascular endothelial growth factor differed following tumor removal compared with the preoperative urine levels. In addition, urinary G‑CSF, GM‑CSF, IL‑6, CXCL10, CCL5 and PDGF‑BB appeared to be potential markers of tumor grade. Plasma from patients with ccRCC contained significantly higher levels of IL‑6 and lower levels of CCL2 than control plasma. In conclusion, the present findings indicated that urinary and circulating cytokines may represent a promising novel tool for the early diagnosis of ccRCC and/or prediction of tumor grade.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Vargová D, Dargaj J, Dohál M, Fraňová S, Ľupták J, Škorňová I, Švihra J, Briš L, Slávik P, Šutovská M, Šutovská M, et al: Immune analysis of urine and plasma samples from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 27: 281, 2024.
APA
Vargová, D., Dargaj, J., Dohál, M., Fraňová, S., Ľupták, J., Škorňová, I. ... Šutovská, M. (2024). Immune analysis of urine and plasma samples from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncology Letters, 27, 281. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14414
MLA
Vargová, D., Dargaj, J., Dohál, M., Fraňová, S., Ľupták, J., Škorňová, I., Švihra, J., Briš, L., Slávik, P., Šutovská, M."Immune analysis of urine and plasma samples from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma". Oncology Letters 27.6 (2024): 281.
Chicago
Vargová, D., Dargaj, J., Dohál, M., Fraňová, S., Ľupták, J., Škorňová, I., Švihra, J., Briš, L., Slávik, P., Šutovská, M."Immune analysis of urine and plasma samples from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma". Oncology Letters 27, no. 6 (2024): 281. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14414
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Vargová D, Dargaj J, Dohál M, Fraňová S, Ľupták J, Škorňová I, Švihra J, Briš L, Slávik P, Šutovská M, Šutovská M, et al: Immune analysis of urine and plasma samples from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 27: 281, 2024.
APA
Vargová, D., Dargaj, J., Dohál, M., Fraňová, S., Ľupták, J., Škorňová, I. ... Šutovská, M. (2024). Immune analysis of urine and plasma samples from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncology Letters, 27, 281. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14414
MLA
Vargová, D., Dargaj, J., Dohál, M., Fraňová, S., Ľupták, J., Škorňová, I., Švihra, J., Briš, L., Slávik, P., Šutovská, M."Immune analysis of urine and plasma samples from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma". Oncology Letters 27.6 (2024): 281.
Chicago
Vargová, D., Dargaj, J., Dohál, M., Fraňová, S., Ľupták, J., Škorňová, I., Švihra, J., Briš, L., Slávik, P., Šutovská, M."Immune analysis of urine and plasma samples from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma". Oncology Letters 27, no. 6 (2024): 281. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14414
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