Open Access

Profilin 2 isoform expression is associated with lung metastasis of colorectal cancer according to a comprehensive gene expression study using a mouse model

  • Authors:
    • Naoyuki Toyota
    • Masashi Tsuruta
    • Yuki Tajima
    • Kohei Shigeta
    • Koji Okabayashi
    • Hirotoshi Hasegawa
    • Shin Fujita
    • Yuki Yoshimatsu
    • Iwao Ozawa
    • Tadashi Kondo
    • Yuko Kitagawa
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: June 17, 2024     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14514
  • Article Number: 381
  • Copyright: © Toyota et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Lung metastasis is the second most common type of metastasis in colorectal cancer. Specific treatments for lung metastasis have not been developed since the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The present study aimed to elucidate the molecular basis of lung metastasis in colorectal cancer. In a mouse model, cell lines that were highly metastatic to the lungs were established by injecting colorectal cancer cells through the tail vein and removing them from the lungs. Differential gene expression comparing the transfected cells with their parental cells was investigated using DNA microarrays. The results were functionally interpreted using gene enrichment analysis and validated using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR). The isoforms of the identified genes were examined by melting curve analysis. The present study established colorectal cancer cell lines that were highly metastatic to the lungs. DNA microarray experiments revealed that genes (N‑cadherin, VE‑cadherin, Six4, Akt and VCAM1) involved in motility, proliferation and adhesion were upregulated, and genes (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‑3 and PAX6) with tumor‑suppressive functions were downregulated in metastatic cells. Profilin 2 (PFN2) expression was upregulated in multiple metastatic cell lines using RT‑qPCR. Two PFN2 isoforms were overexpressed in metastatic cells. In vitro and in vivo models were established and genes associated with lung metastasis were identified to overcome the heterogeneity of the disease. Overall, aberrant PFN2 expression is unreported in lung metastasis in colorectal cancer. In the present study, two PFN2 isoforms with differential tissue distribution were upregulated in metastatic cells, suggesting that they promote lung metastasis in colorectal cancer.  
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August-2024
Volume 28 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Toyota N, Tsuruta M, Tajima Y, Shigeta K, Okabayashi K, Hasegawa H, Fujita S, Yoshimatsu Y, Ozawa I, Kondo T, Kondo T, et al: Profilin 2 isoform expression is associated with lung metastasis of colorectal cancer according to a comprehensive gene expression study using a mouse model. Oncol Lett 28: 381, 2024.
APA
Toyota, N., Tsuruta, M., Tajima, Y., Shigeta, K., Okabayashi, K., Hasegawa, H. ... Kitagawa, Y. (2024). Profilin 2 isoform expression is associated with lung metastasis of colorectal cancer according to a comprehensive gene expression study using a mouse model. Oncology Letters, 28, 381. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14514
MLA
Toyota, N., Tsuruta, M., Tajima, Y., Shigeta, K., Okabayashi, K., Hasegawa, H., Fujita, S., Yoshimatsu, Y., Ozawa, I., Kondo, T., Kitagawa, Y."Profilin 2 isoform expression is associated with lung metastasis of colorectal cancer according to a comprehensive gene expression study using a mouse model". Oncology Letters 28.2 (2024): 381.
Chicago
Toyota, N., Tsuruta, M., Tajima, Y., Shigeta, K., Okabayashi, K., Hasegawa, H., Fujita, S., Yoshimatsu, Y., Ozawa, I., Kondo, T., Kitagawa, Y."Profilin 2 isoform expression is associated with lung metastasis of colorectal cancer according to a comprehensive gene expression study using a mouse model". Oncology Letters 28, no. 2 (2024): 381. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14514