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Effects of α‑solanine on human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro

  • Authors:
    • Armin Von Fournier
    • Totta Ehret Kasemo
    • Stephan Hackenberg
    • Christian Wilhelm
    • Till Meyer
    • Thomas Gehrke
    • Rudolf Hagen
    • Agmal Scherzad
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, D-97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
    Copyright: © Von Fournier et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 400
    |
    Published online on: June 26, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14533
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Abstract

α‑solanine is a glycoalkaloid that is commonly found in nightshades (Solanum) and has a toxic effect on the human organism. Among other things, it is already known to inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in tumor cell lines. Due to its potential as a tumor therapeutic, the current study investigated the effect of α‑solanine on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In addition, genotoxic and antiangiogenic effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated at subtoxic α‑solanine concentrations. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis rates were measured in two human HNSCC cell lines (FaDu pharynx carcinoma cells and CAL‑33 tongue carcinoma cells), as well as in HUVECs. MTT and Annexin V analyses were performed 24 h after α‑solanine treatment at increasing doses up to 30 µM to determine cytotoxic concentrations. Furthermore, genotoxicity at subtoxic concentrations of 1, 2, 4 and 6 µM in HUVECs was analyzed using single‑cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). The antiangiogenic effect on HUVECs was evaluated in the capillary tube formation assay. The MTT assay indicated an induction of concentration‑dependent viability loss in FaDu and CAL‑33 cancer cell lines, whereas the Annexin V test revealed α‑solanine‑induced cell death predominantly independent from apoptosis. In HUVECs, the cytotoxic effect occurred at lower concentrations. No genotoxicity or inhibition of angiogenesis were detected at subtoxic doses in HUVECs. In summary, α‑solanine had a cytotoxic effect on both malignant and non‑malignant cells, but this was only observed at higher concentrations in malignant cells. In contrast to existing data in the literature, tumor cell apoptosis was less evident than necrosis. The lack of genotoxicity and antiangiogenic effects in the subtoxic range in benign cells are promising, as this is favorable for potential therapeutic applications. In conclusion, however, the cytotoxicity in non‑malignant cells remains a severe hindrance for the application of α‑solanine as a therapeutic tumor agent in humans.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Von Fournier A, Kasemo TE, Hackenberg S, Wilhelm C, Meyer T, Gehrke T, Hagen R and Scherzad A: Effects of &alpha;‑solanine on human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells <em>in vitro</em>. Oncol Lett 28: 400, 2024.
APA
Von Fournier, A., Kasemo, T.E., Hackenberg, S., Wilhelm, C., Meyer, T., Gehrke, T. ... Scherzad, A. (2024). Effects of &alpha;‑solanine on human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells <em>in vitro</em>. Oncology Letters, 28, 400. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14533
MLA
Von Fournier, A., Kasemo, T. E., Hackenberg, S., Wilhelm, C., Meyer, T., Gehrke, T., Hagen, R., Scherzad, A."Effects of &alpha;‑solanine on human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells <em>in vitro</em>". Oncology Letters 28.2 (2024): 400.
Chicago
Von Fournier, A., Kasemo, T. E., Hackenberg, S., Wilhelm, C., Meyer, T., Gehrke, T., Hagen, R., Scherzad, A."Effects of &alpha;‑solanine on human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells <em>in vitro</em>". Oncology Letters 28, no. 2 (2024): 400. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14533
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Von Fournier A, Kasemo TE, Hackenberg S, Wilhelm C, Meyer T, Gehrke T, Hagen R and Scherzad A: Effects of &alpha;‑solanine on human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells <em>in vitro</em>. Oncol Lett 28: 400, 2024.
APA
Von Fournier, A., Kasemo, T.E., Hackenberg, S., Wilhelm, C., Meyer, T., Gehrke, T. ... Scherzad, A. (2024). Effects of &alpha;‑solanine on human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells <em>in vitro</em>. Oncology Letters, 28, 400. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14533
MLA
Von Fournier, A., Kasemo, T. E., Hackenberg, S., Wilhelm, C., Meyer, T., Gehrke, T., Hagen, R., Scherzad, A."Effects of &alpha;‑solanine on human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells <em>in vitro</em>". Oncology Letters 28.2 (2024): 400.
Chicago
Von Fournier, A., Kasemo, T. E., Hackenberg, S., Wilhelm, C., Meyer, T., Gehrke, T., Hagen, R., Scherzad, A."Effects of &alpha;‑solanine on human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells <em>in vitro</em>". Oncology Letters 28, no. 2 (2024): 400. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14533
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