Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
December-2024 Volume 28 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
December-2024 Volume 28 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data.pdf
Review Open Access

Emergence of FLASH‑radiotherapy across the last 50 years (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Menghua Li
    • Sen Zhou
    • Guofu Dong
    • Changzhen Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 602
    |
    Published online on: October 11, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14735
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

A novel radiotherapy (RT) approach termed FLASH‑RT, which irradiates areas at ultra‑high dose rates, is of current interest to medical researchers. FLASH‑RT can maintain equivalent antitumor effects while sparing healthy tissue compared with conventional RT (CONV‑RT), which uses low dose rates. The sparing effect on healthy tissue after FLASH‑RT is known as the FLASH effect. Owing to the FLASH effect, FLASH‑RT can raise the maximum tolerable dose to control tumor growth or eradicate the tumor and provide a new strategy for clinical RT. However, definitive irradiation conditions for reproducing the FLASH effect and the biological mechanism of the FLASH effect have not yet been fully elucidated. The efficacy of FLASH‑RT is controversial despite its successful application in clinical RT. The present review recapitulates the progression of FLASH‑RT and critically comments on the hypothesis of the FLASH effect. In addition, the review expounds on the current issues with regard to the differential phenomena between in vitro and in vivo studies, and elaborates on the challenges for the application of FLASH‑RT that need to be addressed in the future.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Yi J, Huang X, Gao L, Luo J, Zhang S, Wang K, Qu Y, Xiao J and Xu G: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Radiat Oncol. 9:562014. View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Luhr A, von Neubeck C, Pawelke J, Seidlitz A, Peitzsch C, Bentzen SM, Bortfeld T, Debus J, Deutsch E, Langendijk JA, et al: ‘Radiobiology of Proton Therapy’: Results of an International expert workshop. Radiother Oncol. 128:56–67. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Favaudon V, Caplier L, Monceau V, Pouzoulet F, Sayarath M, Fouillade C, Poupon MF, Brito I, Hupé P, Bourhis J, et al: Ultrahigh dose-rate FLASH irradiation increases the differential response between normal and tumor tissue in mice. Sci Transl Med. 6:245ra932014. View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Bourhis J, Sozzi WJ, Jorge PG, Gaide O, Bailat C, Duclos F, Patin D, Ozsahin M, Bochud F, Germond JF, et al: Treatment of a first patient with FLASH-radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol. 139:18–22. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Dai Y, Liang R, Wang J, Zhang J, Wu D, Zhao R, Liu Z and Chen F: Fractionated FLASH radiation in xenografted lung tumors induced FLASH effect at a split dose of 2 Gy. Int J Radiat Biol. 99:1542–1549. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Shi X, Yang Y, Zhang W, Wang J, Xiao D, Ren H, Wang T, Gao F, Liu Z, Zhou K, et al: FLASH X-ray spares intestinal crypts from pyroptosis initiated by cGAS-STING activation upon radioimmunotherapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 119:e22085061192022. View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Dewey DL and Boag JW: Modification of the oxygen effect when bacteria are given large pulses of radiation. Nature. 183:1450–1451. 1959. View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Land EJ: Pulse radiolysis and flash photolysis: Some applications in biology and medicine. Biochimie. 62:207–221. 1980. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Pratx G and Kapp DS: A computational model of radiolytic oxygen depletion during FLASH irradiation and its effect on the oxygen enhancement ratio. Phys Med Biol. 64:1850052019. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Becker D and Sevilla MD: 3 - The Chemical Consequences of Radiation Damage to DNA: Advances in Radiation Biology. Elsevier. 1993.121–80

11 

Alper T and Howard-Flanders P: Role of oxygen in modifying the radiosensitivity of E. coli B. Nature. 178:978–979. 1956. View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Van den Heuvel F, Vella A, Fiorini F, Brooke M, Hill MA and Maughan T: Incorporating oxygenation levels in analytical DNA-damage models-quantifying the oxygen fixation mechanism. Phys Med Biol. 66:1450052021. View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Wilson JD, Hammond EM, Higgins GS and Petersson K: Ultra-High dose rate (FLASH) radiotherapy: Silver bullet or fool's gold? Front Oncol. 9:15632020. View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Petersson K, Adrian G, Butterworth K and McMahon SJ: A quantitative analysis of the role of oxygen tension in FLASH radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 107:539–547. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Cao X, Zhang R, Esipova TV, Allu SR, Ashraf R, Rahman M, Gunn JR, Bruza P, Gladstone DJ, Williams BB, et al: Quantification of oxygen depletion during FLASH irradiation in vitro and in vivo. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 111:240–248. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar

16 

McKeown SR: Defining normoxia, physoxia and hypoxia in tumours-implications for treatment response. Br J Radiol. 87:201306762014. View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Pratx G and Kapp DS: Ultra-High-Dose-Rate FLASH irradiation may spare hypoxic stem cell niches in normal tissues. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 105:190–192. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Adrian G, Konradsson E, Lempart M, Bäck S, Ceberg C and Petersson K: The FLASH effect depends on oxygen concentration. Br J Radiol. 93:201907022020. View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Keeley TP and Mann GE: Defining physiological normoxia for improved translation of cell physiology to animal models and humans. Physiol Rev. 99:161–234. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Berry RJ, Hall EJ, Forster DW, Storr TH and Goodman MJ: Survival of mammalian cells exposed to X rays at ultra-high dose-rates. Br J Radiol. 42:102–107. 1969. View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Koch CJ: Re: Differential impact of FLASH versus conventional dose rate irradiation: Spitz et al. Radiother Oncol. 139:62–63. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Abolfath R, Grosshans D and Mohan R: Oxygen depletion in FLASH ultra-high-dose-rate radiotherapy: A molecular dynamics simulation. Med Phys. 47:6551–6561. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Montay-Gruel P, Acharya MM, Petersson K, Alikhani L, Yakkala C, Allen BD, Ollivier J, Petit B, Jorge PG, Syage AR, et al: Long-term neurocognitive benefits of FLASH radiotherapy driven by reduced reactive oxygen species. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 116:10943–10951. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Montay-Gruel P, Bouchet A, Jaccard M, Patin D, Serduc R, Aim W, Petersson K, Petit B, Bailat C, Bourhis J, et al: X-rays can trigger the FLASH effect: Ultra-high dose-rate synchrotron light source prevents normal brain injury after whole brain irradiation in mice. Radiother Oncol. 129:582–588. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Montay-Gruel P, Markarian M, Allen BD, Baddour JD, Giedzinski E, Jorge PG, Petit B, Bailat C, Vozenin MC, Limoli C and Acharya MM: Ultra-High-Dose-Rate FLASH irradiation limits reactive gliosis in the brain. Radiat Res. 194:636–645. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Jin JY, Gu A, Wang W, Oleinick NL, Machtay M and Spring Kong FM: Ultra-high dose rate effect on circulating immune cells: A potential mechanism for FLASH effect? Radiother Oncol. 149:55–62. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Hanahan D: Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions. Cancer Discov. 12:31–46. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Fouillade C, Curras-Alonso S, Giuranno L, Quelennec E, Heinrich S, Bonnet-Boissinot S, Beddok A, Leboucher S, Karakurt HU, Bohec M, et al: FLASH irradiation spares lung progenitor cells and limits the incidence of radio-induced senescence. Clin Cancer Res. 26:1497–1506. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Marcu LG, Bezak E, Peukert DD and Wilson P: Translational Research in FLASH radiotherapy-from radiobiological mechanisms to in vivo results. Biomedicines. 9:1812021. View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Esplen N, Mendonca MS and Bazalova-Carter M: Physics and biology of ultrahigh dose-rate (FLASH) radiotherapy: A topical review. Phys Med Biol. 65:23TR032020. View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Borghini A, Vecoli C, Labate L, Panetta D, Andreassi MG and Gizzi LA: FLASH ultra-high dose rates in radiotherapy: Preclinical and radiobiological evidence. Int J Radiat Biol. 98:127–135. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Omyan G, Musa AE, Shabeeb D, Akbardoost N and Gholami S: Efficacy and toxicity of FLASH radiotherapy: A systematic review. J Cancer Res Ther. 16:1203–1209. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Tillman C, Grafstrom G, Jonsson AC, Jönsson BA, Mercer I, Mattsson S, Strand SE and Svanberg S: Survival of mammalian cells exposed to ultrahigh dose rates from a laser-produced plasma x-ray source. Radiology. 213:860–865. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Shinohara K, Nakano H, Miyazaki N, Tago M and Kodama R: Effects of single-pulse (<=1 ps) X-rays from laser-produced plasmas on mammalian cells. J Radiat Res. 45:509–514. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Auer S, Hable V, Greubel C, Drexler GA, Schmid TE, Belka C, Dollinger G and Friedl AA: Survival of tumor cells after proton irradiation with ultra-high dose rates. Radiat Oncol. 6:1392011. View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Doria D, Kakolee KF, Kar S, Litt SK, Fiorini F, Ahmed H, Green S, Jeynes JCG, Kavanagh J, Kirby D, et al: Biological effectiveness on live cells of laser driven protons at dose rates exceeding 109Gy/s. AIP Advances. 2:0112092012. View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Laschinsky L, Baumann M, Beyreuther E, Enghardt W, Kaluza M, Karsch L, Lessmann E, Naumburger D, Nicolai M, Richter C, et al: Radiobiological effectiveness of laser accelerated electrons in comparison to electron beams from a conventional linear accelerator. J Radiat Res. 53:395–403. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Beddok A, Fouillade C and Quelennec Enad Favaudon V: OC-0030:: In vitro study of FLASH vs. conventional dose-rate irradiation: Cell viability and DNA damage repair. Radiotherapy and Oncology. 123:S9–S10. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Buonanno M, Grilj V and Brenner DJ: Biological effects in normal cells exposed to FLASH dose rate protons. Radiother Oncol. 139:51–55. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Venkatesulu BP, Sharma A, Pollard-Larkin JM, Sadagopan R, Symons J, Neri S, Singh PK, Tailor R, Lin SH and Krishnan S: Ultra high dose rate (35 Gy/sec) radiation does not spare the normal tissue in cardiac and splenic models of lymphopenia and gastrointestinal syndrome. Sci Rep. 9:171802019. View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Kiefer J and Ebert M: The effect of ultra-high dose-rate beta-ray irradiation in aerobic and hypoxic conditions on the survival of diploid yeast. Biophysik. 6:271–274. 1970. View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Zlobinskaya O, Dollinger G, Michalski D, Hable V, Greubel C, Du G, Multhoff G, Röper B, Molls M and Schmid TE: Induction and repair of DNA double-strand breaks assessed by gamma-H2AX foci after irradiation with pulsed or continuous proton beams. Radiat Environ Biophys. 51:23–32. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Hanton F, Chaudhary P, Doria D, Gwynne D, Maiorino C, Scullion C, Ahmed H, Marshall T, Naughton K, Romagnani L, et al: DNA DSB repair dynamics following irradiation with laser-driven protons at ultra-high dose rates. Sci Rep. 9:44712019. View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Prise KM, Schettino G, Folkard M and Held KD: New insights on cell death from radiation exposure. Lancet Oncol. 6:520–528. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Desouky O, Ding N and Zhou G: Targeted and non-targeted effects of ionizing radiation. J Radiat Res Appl Sci. 8:247–254. 2015.

46 

Kim W, Lee S, Seo D, Kim D, Kim K, Kim E, Kang J, Seong KM, Youn H and Youn B: Cellular stress responses in radiotherapy. Cells. 8:11052019. View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Jeggo PA and Löbrich M: DNA double-strand breaks: Their cellular and clinical impact? Oncogene. 26:7717–7719. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

48 

Nikjoo H, Emfietzoglou D, Liamsuwan T, Taleei R, Liljequist D and Uehara S: Radiation track, DNA damage and response-a review. Rep Prog Phys. 79:1166012016. View Article : Google Scholar

49 

Purrott RJ and Reeder EJ: Chromosome aberration yields induced in human lymphocytes by 15 MeV electrons given at a conventional dose-rate and in microsecond pulses. Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med. 31:251–256. 1977. View Article : Google Scholar

50 

Spitz DR, Buettner GR, Petronek MS, St-Aubin JJ, Flynn RT, Waldron TJ and Limoli CL: An integrated physico-chemical approach for explaining the differential impact of FLASH versus conventional dose rate irradiation on cancer and normal tissue responses. Radiother Oncol. 139:23–27. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

51 

Benfeitas R, Uhlen M, Nielsen J and Mardinoglu A: New challenges to study heterogeneity in cancer redox metabolism. Front Cell Dev Biol. 5:652017. View Article : Google Scholar

52 

Vozenin MC, De Fornel P, Petersson K, Favaudon V, Jaccard M, Germond JF, Petit B, Burki M, Ferrand G, Patin D, et al: The advantage of FLASH radiotherapy confirmed in mini-pig and cat-cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res. 25:35–42. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

53 

Beyreuther E, Brand M, Hans S, Hideghéty K, Karsch L, Leßmann E, Schürer M, Szabó ER and Pawelke J: Feasibility of proton FLASH effect tested by zebrafish embryo irradiation. Radiother Oncol. 139:46–50. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

54 

Gao F, Yang Y, Zhu H, Wang J, Xiao D, Zhou Z, Dai T, Zhang Y, Feng G, Li J, et al: First demonstration of the FLASH effect with ultrahigh dose rate high-energy X-rays. Radiother Oncol. 166:44–50. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar

55 

Montay-Gruel P, Petersson K, Jaccard M, Boivin G, Germond JF, Petit B, Doenlen R, Favaudon V, Bochud F, Bailat C, et al: Irradiation in a flash: Unique sparing of memory in mice after whole brain irradiation with dose rates above 100Gy/s. Radiother Oncol. 124:365–369. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

56 

Montay-Gruel P, Acharya MM, Goncalves Jorge P, Petit B, Petridis IG, Fuchs P, Leavitt R, Petersson K, Gondré M, Ollivier J, et al: Hypofractionated FLASH-RT as an effective treatment against glioblastoma that reduces neurocognitive side effects in mice. Clin Cancer Res. 27:775–784. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar

57 

Simmons DA, Lartey FM, Schuler E, Rafat M, King G, Kim A, Ko R, Semaan S, Gonzalez S, Jenkins M, et al: Reduced cognitive deficits after FLASH irradiation of whole mouse brain are associated with less hippocampal dendritic spine loss and neuroinflammation. Radiother Oncol. 139:4–10. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

58 

Alaghband Y, Cheeks SN, Allen BD, Montay-Gruel P, Doan NL, Petit B, Jorge PG, Giedzinski E, Acharya MM, Vozenin MC and Limoli CL: Neuroprotection of radiosensitive juvenile mice by ultra-high dose rate FLASH irradiation. Cancers (Basel). 12:16712020. View Article : Google Scholar

59 

Allen BD, Acharya MM, Montay-Gruel P, Jorge PG, Bailat C, Petit B, Vozenin MC and Limoli C: Maintenance of tight junction integrity in the absence of vascular dilation in the brain of mice exposed to ultra-high-dose-rate FLASH irradiation. Radiat Res. 194:625–635. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

60 

Loo BW, Schuler E, Lartey FM, Rafat M, King GJ, Trovati S, Koong AC and Maxim PG: Delivery of ultra-rapid flash radiation therapy and demonstration of normal tissue sparing after abdominal irradiation of mice: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics. 98:pE162017.

61 

Levy K, Natarajan S, Wang J, Chow S, Eggold JT, Loo PE, Manjappa R, Melemenidis S, Lartey FM, Schüler E, et al: Abdominal FLASH irradiation reduces radiation-induced gastrointestinal toxicity for the treatment of ovarian cancer in mice. Sci Rep. 10:216002020. View Article : Google Scholar

62 

Diffenderfer ES, Verginadis II, Kim MM, Shoniyozov K, Velalopoulou A, Goia D, Putt M, Hagan S, Avery S, Teo K, et al: Design, implementation, and in vivo validation of a novel proton FLASH radiation therapy system. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 106:440–448. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

63 

Soto LA, Casey KM, Wang J, Blaney A, Manjappa R, Breitkreutz D, Skinner L, Dutt S, Ko RB, Bush K, et al: FLASH irradiation results in reduced severe skin toxicity compared to conventional-dose-rate irradiation. Radiat Res. 194:618–624. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

64 

Cunningham S, McCauley S, Vairamani K, Speth J, Girdhani S, Abel E, Sharma RA, Perentesis JP, Wells SI, Mascia A and Sertorio M: FLASH proton pencil beam scanning irradiation minimizes radiation-induced leg contracture and skin toxicity in mice. Cancers (Basel). 13:10122021. View Article : Google Scholar

65 

Chabi S, To THV, Leavitt R, Poglio S, Jorge PG, Jaccard M, Petersson K, Petit B, Roméo PH, Pflumio F, et al: Ultra-high-dose-rate FLASH and conventional-dose-rate irradiation differentially affect human acute lymphoblastic leukemia and normal hematopoiesis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 109:819–829. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar

66 

Konradsson E, Arendt ML, Bastholm Jensen K, Børresen B, Hansen AE, Bäck S, Kristensen AT, Munck Af Rosenschöld P, Ceberg C and Petersson K: Establishment and initial experience of clinical FLASH radiotherapy in canine cancer patients. Front Oncol. 11:6580042021. View Article : Google Scholar

67 

Smyth LML, Donoghue JF, Ventura JA, Livingstone J, Bailey T, Day LRJ, Crosbie JC and Rogers PAW: Comparative toxicity of synchrotron and conventional radiation therapy based on total and partial body irradiation in a murine model. Sci Rep. 8:120442018. View Article : Google Scholar

68 

Zhou S, Zheng D, Fan Q, Yan Y, Wang S, Lei Y, Besemer A, Zhou C and Enke C: Minimum dose rate estimation for pulsed FLASH radiotherapy: A dimensional analysis. Med Phys. 47:3243–3249. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

69 

Bourhis J, Montay-Gruel P, Gonçalves Jorge P, Bailat C, Petit B, Ollivier J, Jeanneret-Sozzi W, Ozsahin M, Bochud F, Moeckli R, et al: Clinical translation of FLASH radiotherapy: Why and how? Radiother Oncol. 139:11–17. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

70 

Vozenin MC, Hendry JH and Limoli CL: Biological benefits of ultra-high dose rate FLASH radiotherapy: Sleeping beauty awoken. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 31:407–415. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

71 

Rahman M, Trigilio A, Frenciosini G, Moeckli R, Zhang R and Böhlen TT: FLASH radiotherapy treatment planning and models for electron beams. Radiother Oncol. 175:210–221. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar

72 

van Marlen P, Dahele M, Folkerts M, Abel E, Slotman BJ and Verbakel WFAR: Bringing FLASH to the Clinic: Treatment planning considerations for ultrahigh dose-rate proton beams. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 106:621–629. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

73 

Jolly S, Owen H, Schippers M and Welsch C: Technical challenges for FLASH proton therapy. Phys Med. 78:71–82. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

74 

McManus M, Romano F, Lee ND, Farabolini W, Gilardi A, Royle G, Palmans H and Subiel A: The challenge of ionisation chamber dosimetry in ultra-short pulsed high dose-rate Very High Energy Electron beams. Sci Rep. 10:90892020. View Article : Google Scholar

75 

Jorge PG, Jaccard M, Petersson K, Gondré M, Durán MT, Desorgher L, Germond JF, Liger P, Vozenin MC, Bourhis J, et al: Dosimetric and preparation procedures for irradiating biological models with pulsed electron beam at ultra-high dose-rate. Radiother Oncol. 139:34–39. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

76 

Petersson K, Jaccard M, Germond JF, Buchillier T, Bochud F, Bourhis J, Vozenin MC and Bailat C: High dose-per-pulse electron beam dosimetry-A model to correct for the ion recombination in the Advanced Markus ionization chamber. Med Phys. 44:1157–1167. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

77 

Oraiqat I, Zhang W, Litzenberg D, Lam K, Ba Sunbul N, Moran J, Cuneo K, Carson P, Wang X and El Naqa I: An ionizing radiation acoustic imaging (iRAI) technique for real-time dosimetric measurements for FLASH radiotherapy. Med Phys. 47:5090–5101. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Li M, Zhou S, Dong G and Wang C: Emergence of FLASH‑radiotherapy across the last 50 years (Review). Oncol Lett 28: 602, 2024.
APA
Li, M., Zhou, S., Dong, G., & Wang, C. (2024). Emergence of FLASH‑radiotherapy across the last 50 years (Review). Oncology Letters, 28, 602. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14735
MLA
Li, M., Zhou, S., Dong, G., Wang, C."Emergence of FLASH‑radiotherapy across the last 50 years (Review)". Oncology Letters 28.6 (2024): 602.
Chicago
Li, M., Zhou, S., Dong, G., Wang, C."Emergence of FLASH‑radiotherapy across the last 50 years (Review)". Oncology Letters 28, no. 6 (2024): 602. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14735
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Li M, Zhou S, Dong G and Wang C: Emergence of FLASH‑radiotherapy across the last 50 years (Review). Oncol Lett 28: 602, 2024.
APA
Li, M., Zhou, S., Dong, G., & Wang, C. (2024). Emergence of FLASH‑radiotherapy across the last 50 years (Review). Oncology Letters, 28, 602. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14735
MLA
Li, M., Zhou, S., Dong, G., Wang, C."Emergence of FLASH‑radiotherapy across the last 50 years (Review)". Oncology Letters 28.6 (2024): 602.
Chicago
Li, M., Zhou, S., Dong, G., Wang, C."Emergence of FLASH‑radiotherapy across the last 50 years (Review)". Oncology Letters 28, no. 6 (2024): 602. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14735
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team