A study of the association between <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> infection type and pancreatic cancer risk: A systematic review and meta‑analysis

Qin,Chao; Xu,Chonghe; Zhu,Zhongqi; Song,Xixi; Wang,Xin; Xu,Wei; Zhu,Mei

doi:10.3892/ol.2025.14920

April-2025 Volume 29 Issue 4

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April-2025 Volume 29 Issue 4

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Article Open Access

A study of the association between Helicobacter pylori infection type and pancreatic cancer risk: A systematic review and meta‑analysis

Authors:
- Chao Qin
- Chonghe Xu
- Zhongqi Zhu
- Xixi Song
- Xin Wang
- Wei Xu
- Mei Zhu
View Affiliations / Copyright

Affiliations: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China, Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China

Copyright: © Qin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
Article Number: 174
|
Published online on: February 7, 2025

https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.14920
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Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is a highly invasive malignant tumor with a complex pathogenesis that makes early diagnosis challenging. The potential association between Helicobacter pylori infection and pancreatic cancer risk has been noted; however, the available results are still highly divergent. The aim of the present study was to systematically evaluate the association between different types of H. pylori infection and pancreatic cancer risk as well as to explore the possible causes. A systematic search was conducted using the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases up to August 2023. The literature quality was evaluated using the Newcastle‑Ottawa Scale. All studies that met the criteria were included in the overall meta‑analysis to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In addition, subgroup analyses were performed based on factors such as diagnostic criteria for H. pylori infection, study region, type of study design and CagA status. The effect of publication bias on the quantitative synthesis results was assessed using the trim‑and‑fill analysis, and sensitivity analyses were used to verify the robustness of the quantitative synthesis results. A total of 17 studies involving 67,910 participants, including 64,372 controls and 3,538 patients with pancreatic cancer, were included in the present study. The overall analysis showed that no significant association was observed between H. pylori infection and pancreatic cancer risk (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.93‑1.41). Further subgroup analyses, which did not consider the effects of study quality, diagnostic criteria, geographical distribution and the type of study design, did not produce new findings that contradicted the results of the overall analysis. CagA⁺ H. pylori infection did not significantly affect the risk of pancreatic cancer (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.78‑1.16), whereas CagA^‑ H. pylori infection may be a possible risk factor for pancreatic cancer (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.004‑1.541). The H. pylori infection did not significantly increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. However, it is noteworthy that CagA^‑ H. pylori infection could be a potential factor that elevated the risk of pancreatic cancer.

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A study of the association between Helicobacter pylori infection type and pancreatic cancer risk: A systematic review and meta‑analysis

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