Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
September-2025 Volume 30 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2025 Volume 30 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Morphological, immunophenotypic and neuroradiological characteristics of primitive B‑large cell diffuse lymphoma of the central nervous system: A retrospective cohort analysis

  • Authors:
    • Ida Rizzuto
    • Cristina Pizzimenti
    • Vincenzo Fiorentino
    • Sarah Caroline Scarcella
    • Maurizio Martini
    • Francesca Granata
    • Antonino Germanò
    • Antonio Ieni
    • Giovanni Tuccari
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age, ‘Gaetano Barresi’ Section of Pathology, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy, Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological, and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
    Copyright: © Rizzuto et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 433
    |
    Published online on: July 8, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15179
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Primitive diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma (PCNSL‑DLBCL) accounts for 2‑3% of all central nervous system (CNS) tumors, predominantly affecting supratentorial sites in adult patients. In the present study, the immunohistochemical (IHC) profile was analyzed in a cohort of 23 cases of CNS DLBCL to determine whether B‑cell markers [CD20, CD79a and paired box 5 (PAX5)], BCL2, CD10, BCL6, MUM1 and c‑Myc, as well as the Ki67 labeling index, were associated with the clinicopathological (age, sex and location) and neuroradiological (T1, T2, post‑contrast and diffusion‑weighted imaging) parameters of the patients. The Hans algorithm was applied to subtype DLBCLs into germinal center B‑cell (GCB) and non‑germinal center B‑cell (non‑GCB). Univariate statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test to identify statistically significant associations between clinicopathological, IHC and radiological variables. Multivariate analysis was then conducted to assess the independent effects of these variables on overall survival (OS). The most frequent site of PCNSL‑DLBCL was confirmed in supratentorial areas, with invasion of midline structures; 7 cases presented with a single lesion, while 11 exhibited multifocal disease. All cases exhibited positive expression of CD20, PAX5 and CD79a; 21 cases exhibited positive expression of BCL2. The mean Ki67 labeling index was 80%. A total of 17 cases were classified as non‑GCB and 6 as GCB. A statistically significant association was documented between the site of the disease and the number of lesions (P=0.04), the site of disease and subtype (P=0.03), and the IHC subtype and mean enhancement value (P=0.008). The present study demonstrated that DLBCL with a non‑GCB immunohistochemical profile was predominantly observed in patients with unfavorable prognostic factors, such as age >60 years, a high Ki67 labeling index and shorter OS. Statistically significant associations were found between disease location and the number of lesions, disease location and IHC subtype, and between IHC subtype and the mean enhancement value, which may serve as predictors for the IHC subtype. Multivariate analysis and Kaplan‑Meier curves revealed that the IHC subtype and enhancement value were independent prognostic factors, with the GCB profile and higher enhancement values being associated with longer OS times and improved prognosis (P=0.0158). In conclusion, the identified associations suggested that the IHC subtype and apparent diffusion coefficient neuroimaging parameters were useful validated prognostic indicators.
View Figures

Figure 1

Bland-Altman plots to assess agreement
between the two observers. Good inter-observer agreement was
demonstrated for (A) ADC, (B) T2 signal and (C) enhancement. ADC,
apparent diffusion coefficient; difference.

Figure 2

Primitive diffuse large B-cell
lymphoma: Histologic and immunohistochemical features. (A) Large
areas of geographical necrosis (hematoxylin and eosin staining;
magnification, ×100; scale bar, 50 µm). (B) Clusters of tumor cells
invading brain parenchyma (hematoxylin and eosin staining;
magnification, ×100; scale bar, 50 µm). (C) Atypical B cells with
big, round, vesicular nuclei and numerous mitoses (hematoxylin and
eosin staining; magnification, ×400; scale bar, 200 µm). (D)
Angiocentric pattern of growth (hematoxylin and eosin staining;
magnification, ×100; scale bar, 100 µm). (E) Diffuse cell membrane
CD20-positivity (Mayer's hemalum nuclear counterstain;
magnification, ×200; scale bar, 100 µm). (F) GFAP− tumor
cells invading GFAP+ brain parenchyma (Mayer's hemalum
nuclear counterstain; magnification, ×200; scale bar, 100 µm).
GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein.

Figure 3

Primitive diffuse large B-cell
lymphoma: GCB and non-GCB phenotype. (A) Cell membrane
CD20-positivity in the GCB subtype (Mayer's hemalum nuclear
counterstain; magnification, ×200; scale bar, 100 µm). (B) Nuclear
BCL-6-positivity in the GCB subtype (Mayer's hemalum nuclear
counterstain; magnification, ×200; scale bar, 100 µm). (C) Nuclear
MUM-1-positivity in the non-GCB subtype (Mayer's hemalum nuclear
counterstain; magnification, ×400; scale bar, 200 µm). GCB,
germinal center B-cell.

Figure 4

MRI features of primitive diffuse
large B-cell lymphoma. (A) T1 magnetization prepared rapid gradient
echo post-gadolinium administration/ADC co-registration. A
region-of-interest (red circle) was drawn in the ADC map at the
center of a right cerebellar lesion. (B) Ring enhancement
indicative of central necrosis (post-contrast T1-weighted MRI). (C)
Corpus callosum infiltration (post-contrast T1-weighted MRI). (D)
Multifocal disease (post-contrast T1-weighted MRI). ADC, apparent
diffusion coefficient.

Figure 5

Comparison of the overall survival
time between the GCB and N-GCB subtypes. GCB, germinal center
B-cell; N-GCB, non-germinal center B-cell.

Figure 6

Comparison of overall survival time
between low and high enhancement value groups.
View References

1 

Liu Y, Yao Q and Zhang F: Diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma in the elderly population (Review). Int J Oncol. 58:371–387. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Shao L, Xu C, Wu H, Jamal M, Pan S, Li S, Chen F, Yu D, Liu K and Wei Y: Recent progress on primary central nervous system lymphoma-From bench to bedside. Front Oncol. 11:6898432021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Ferreri AJM, Calimeri T, Cwynarski K, Dietrich J, Grommes C, Hoang-Xuan K, Hu LS, Illerhaus G, Nayak L, Ponzoni M and Batchelor TT: Primary central nervous system lymphoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 9:292023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

D'Angelo CR: Diagnostic, pathologic, and therapeutic considerations for primary CNS lymphoma. JCO Oncol Pract. 20:195–202. 2024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Green K, Munakomi S and Hogg JP: Central nervous system lymphoma. StatPearls [Internet] Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024

6 

Schaff LR and Grommes C: Primary central nervous system lymphoma. Blood. 140:971–979. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

de Koning ME, Hof JJ, Jansen C, Doorduijn JK, Bromberg JEC and van der Meulen M: Primary central nervous system lymphoma. J Neurol. 271:2906–2913. 2024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Lebrun L, Allard-Demoustiez S and Salmon I: Pathology and new insights in central nervous system lymphomas. Curr Opin Oncol. 35:347–356. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Jin Q, Jiang H, Han Y, Zhang L, Li C, Zhang Y, Chai Y, Zeng P, Yue L and Wu C: Tumor microenvironment in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Cancer Biol Ther. 25:24251312024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Bödör C, Alpár D, Marosvári D, Galik B, Rajnai H, Bátai B, Nagy Á, Kajtár B, Burján A, Deák B, et al: Molecular subtypes and genomic profile of primary central nervous system lymphoma. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 79:176–183. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Hans CP: Confirmation of the molecular classification of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by immunohistochemistry using a tissue microarray. Blood. 103:275–282. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Joshi A, Deshpande S and Bayaskar M: Primary CNS lymphoma in immunocompetent patients: Appearances on conventional and advanced imaging with review of literature. J Radiol Case Rep. 16:1–17. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Radotra BD, Parkhi M, Chatterjee D, Yadav BS, Ballari NR, Prakash G and Gupta SK: Clinicopathological features of primary central nervous system diffuse large B cell lymphoma: Experience from a tertiary center in North India. Surg Neurol Int. 11:4242020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Ribas GA, de Mori LH, Freddi TAL, Oliveira LDS, de Souza SR and Corrêa DG: Primary central nervous system lymphoma: Imaging features and differential diagnosis. Neuroradiol J. 37:705–722. 2024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Liu J, Wang Y and Liu Y, Liu Z, Cui Q, Ji N, Sun S, Wang B, Wang Y, Sun X and Liu Y: Immunohistochemical profile and prognostic significance in primary central nervous system lymphoma: Analysis of 89 cases. Oncol Lett. 14:5505–5512. 2017.PubMed/NCBI

16 

Puligundla CK, Bala S, Karnam AK, Gundeti S, Paul TR, Uppin MS and Maddali LS: Clinicopathological features and outcomes in primary central nervous system lymphoma: A 10-year experience. Indian J Med Paediatric Oncol. 38:478–482. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Du KX, Shen HR, Pan BH, Luthuli S, Wang L, Liang JH, Li Y, Yin H, Li JY, Wu JZ and Xu W: Prognostic value of POD18 combined with improved IELSG in primary central nervous system lymphoma. Clin Transl Oncol. 26:720–731. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Yokogami K, Azuma M, Takeshima H and Hirai T: Lymphomas of the central nervous system. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1405:527–543. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Provenzale JM, Mukundan S and Dewhirst M: The role of blood-brain barrier permeability in brain tumor imaging and therapeutics. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 185:763–767. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

White NS, McDonald CR, Farid N, Kuperman JM, Kesari S and Dale AM: Improved conspicuity and delineation of high-grade primary and metastatic brain tumors using ‘restriction spectrum imaging’: Quantitative comparison with high B-value DWI and ADC. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 34:958–964. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Ahn SJ, Shin HJ, Chang JH and Lee SK: Differentiation between primary cerebral lymphoma and glioblastoma using the apparent diffusion coefficient: Comparison of three different ROI methods. PLoS One. 9:e1129482014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Chen J, Xia J, Zhou YC, Xia LM, Zhu WZ, Zou ML, Feng DY and Wang CY: Correlation between magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging and cell density in astrocytoma. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 27:309–311. 2005.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

23 

Guo AC, Cummings TJ, Dash RC and Provenzale JM: Lymphomas and high-grade astrocytomas: Comparison of water diffusibility and histologic characteristics. Radiology. 224:177–183. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Schob S, Meyer J, Gawlitza M, Frydrychowicz C, Müller W, Preuss M, Bure L, Quäschling U, Hoffmann KT and Surov A: Diffusion-weighted MRI reflects proliferative activity in primary CNS lymphoma. PLoS One. 11:e01613862016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Surov A, Meyer HJ and Wienke A: Correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and cellularity is different in several tumors: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget. 8:59492–59499. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Morales-Martinez A, Nichelli L, Hernandez-Verdin I, Houillier C, Alentorn A and Hoang-Xuan K: Prognostic factors in primary central nervous system lymphoma. Curr Opin Oncol. 34:676–684. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Momota H, Narita Y, Maeshima AM, Miyakita Y, Shinomiya A, Maruyama T, Muragaki Y and Shibui S: Prognostic value of immunohistochemical profile and response to high-dose methotrexate therapy in primary CNS lymphoma. J Neurooncol. 98:341–348. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Rizzuto I, Pizzimenti C, Fiorentino V, Scarcella SC, Martini M, Granata F, Germanò A, Ieni A and Tuccari G: Morphological, immunophenotypic and neuroradiological characteristics of primitive B‑large cell diffuse lymphoma of the central nervous system: A retrospective cohort analysis. Oncol Lett 30: 433, 2025.
APA
Rizzuto, I., Pizzimenti, C., Fiorentino, V., Scarcella, S.C., Martini, M., Granata, F. ... Tuccari, G. (2025). Morphological, immunophenotypic and neuroradiological characteristics of primitive B‑large cell diffuse lymphoma of the central nervous system: A retrospective cohort analysis. Oncology Letters, 30, 433. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15179
MLA
Rizzuto, I., Pizzimenti, C., Fiorentino, V., Scarcella, S. C., Martini, M., Granata, F., Germanò, A., Ieni, A., Tuccari, G."Morphological, immunophenotypic and neuroradiological characteristics of primitive B‑large cell diffuse lymphoma of the central nervous system: A retrospective cohort analysis". Oncology Letters 30.3 (2025): 433.
Chicago
Rizzuto, I., Pizzimenti, C., Fiorentino, V., Scarcella, S. C., Martini, M., Granata, F., Germanò, A., Ieni, A., Tuccari, G."Morphological, immunophenotypic and neuroradiological characteristics of primitive B‑large cell diffuse lymphoma of the central nervous system: A retrospective cohort analysis". Oncology Letters 30, no. 3 (2025): 433. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15179
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Rizzuto I, Pizzimenti C, Fiorentino V, Scarcella SC, Martini M, Granata F, Germanò A, Ieni A and Tuccari G: Morphological, immunophenotypic and neuroradiological characteristics of primitive B‑large cell diffuse lymphoma of the central nervous system: A retrospective cohort analysis. Oncol Lett 30: 433, 2025.
APA
Rizzuto, I., Pizzimenti, C., Fiorentino, V., Scarcella, S.C., Martini, M., Granata, F. ... Tuccari, G. (2025). Morphological, immunophenotypic and neuroradiological characteristics of primitive B‑large cell diffuse lymphoma of the central nervous system: A retrospective cohort analysis. Oncology Letters, 30, 433. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15179
MLA
Rizzuto, I., Pizzimenti, C., Fiorentino, V., Scarcella, S. C., Martini, M., Granata, F., Germanò, A., Ieni, A., Tuccari, G."Morphological, immunophenotypic and neuroradiological characteristics of primitive B‑large cell diffuse lymphoma of the central nervous system: A retrospective cohort analysis". Oncology Letters 30.3 (2025): 433.
Chicago
Rizzuto, I., Pizzimenti, C., Fiorentino, V., Scarcella, S. C., Martini, M., Granata, F., Germanò, A., Ieni, A., Tuccari, G."Morphological, immunophenotypic and neuroradiological characteristics of primitive B‑large cell diffuse lymphoma of the central nervous system: A retrospective cohort analysis". Oncology Letters 30, no. 3 (2025): 433. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15179
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team