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Article

Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in temporal bone malignancies: A retrospective cohort of 20 patients

  • Authors:
    • Liming Gao
    • Wenyang Zhang
    • Ting Ye
    • Rui Guo
    • Yin Xia
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
  • Article Number: 25
    |
    Published online on: November 6, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15378
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Abstract

The present study aimed to describe the clinical features and survival of patients with temporal bone malignant tumors. A total of 20 consecutive cases treated at Beijing Tiantan Hospital (Beijing, China) between March 2014 and March 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Of the 20 patients, 16 were men and 4 were women, with an age range of 9‑90 years old. The pathological types included squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; n=7), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC; n=7), chondrosarcoma (n=2), fibrosarcoma (n=1), endolymphatic cystic papillary adenocarcinoma (n=1), rhabdomyosarcoma (n=1) and low‑grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (n=1). Patients initially diagnosed with SCC and ACC were staged according to the revised Pittsburgh classification system (T1, n=1; T3, n=5; T4, n=8). All patients received surgery, followed by postoperative radiotherapy (RT) with/without chemotherapy in 10 patients. Kaplan‑Meier analysis was used to calculate the survival rate, and the log‑rank test was applied to compare the differences in survival. The duration of follow‑up ranged from 1 to 140 months. Notably, the 3‑ and 5‑year disease‑specific survival (DSS) rates were 79 and 73%, and the 3‑ and 5‑year overall survival (OS) rates were 74 and 68%. Pathological type and posterior cranial fossa meningeal involvement were significantly associated with both OS and DSS. Furthermore, patients with a positive surgical margin had a significantly worse DSS rate. In conclusion, the incidence of temporal bone malignancies is low with an insidious onset. Radical resection is the main treatment option, and postoperative RT with/without chemotherapy may be supplemented in cases of an advanced stage or when tumors have a positive surgical margin.
View Figures

Figure 1

Imaging studies of a patient with
chondrosarcoma diagnosed at 28 years old. (A and B) Preoperative
contrast-enhanced MRI and CT images showing the invasion of the
tumor to the middle ear and sigmoid sinus. (C and D) Post-operative
contrast-enhanced MRI and CT images. MRI, magnetic resonance
imaging; CT, computed tomography.

Figure 2

Disease-specific survival in patients
with temporal bone malignancies. (A) Kaplan-Meier curves of
surgical margin status and (B) posterior cranial fossa meningeal
involvement.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Gao L, Zhang W, Ye T, Guo R and Xia Y: Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in temporal bone malignancies: A retrospective cohort of 20 patients. Oncol Lett 31: 25, 2026.
APA
Gao, L., Zhang, W., Ye, T., Guo, R., & Xia, Y. (2026). Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in temporal bone malignancies: A retrospective cohort of 20 patients. Oncology Letters, 31, 25. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15378
MLA
Gao, L., Zhang, W., Ye, T., Guo, R., Xia, Y."Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in temporal bone malignancies: A retrospective cohort of 20 patients". Oncology Letters 31.1 (2026): 25.
Chicago
Gao, L., Zhang, W., Ye, T., Guo, R., Xia, Y."Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in temporal bone malignancies: A retrospective cohort of 20 patients". Oncology Letters 31, no. 1 (2026): 25. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15378
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Gao L, Zhang W, Ye T, Guo R and Xia Y: Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in temporal bone malignancies: A retrospective cohort of 20 patients. Oncol Lett 31: 25, 2026.
APA
Gao, L., Zhang, W., Ye, T., Guo, R., & Xia, Y. (2026). Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in temporal bone malignancies: A retrospective cohort of 20 patients. Oncology Letters, 31, 25. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15378
MLA
Gao, L., Zhang, W., Ye, T., Guo, R., Xia, Y."Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in temporal bone malignancies: A retrospective cohort of 20 patients". Oncology Letters 31.1 (2026): 25.
Chicago
Gao, L., Zhang, W., Ye, T., Guo, R., Xia, Y."Survival outcomes and prognostic factors in temporal bone malignancies: A retrospective cohort of 20 patients". Oncology Letters 31, no. 1 (2026): 25. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15378
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