Meta‑analysis of the clinical efficacy of anti‑PD‑1/L1 + paclitaxel/albumin‑paclitaxel + platinum vs. paclitaxel/albumin‑paclitaxel + platinum in the treatment of patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer

Platinum‑based dual‑drug chemotherapy is the standard first‑line treatment for non‑small cell lung cancer. It inhibits tumor proliferation through cytotoxic effects. However, in clinical practice, 30‑40% of patients will experience disease progression due to primary or secondary drug resistance. The present study aimed to analyze the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of anti‑PD‑1/L1 + paclitaxel/albumin‑paclitaxel + platinum and paclitaxel/albumin‑paclitaxel + platinum in the treatment of advanced non‑small cell lung cancer. Computer searches were conducted in PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIPernet and China Biology Medicine databases. Randomized controlled trials on the clinical efficacy of taxel/albumin‑paclitaxel + platinum and the combination of taxel/albumin‑paclitaxel + platinum immunotherapy drugs in patients with non‑small cell lung cancer were collected from the establishment of the database to May 2025. Meta‑analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. A total of five randomized controlled trials were included, involving a total of 3,683 patients. The meta‑analysis showed that the median survival rate and the incidence of asymptomatic recurrence in the experimental group (anti‑PD‑1/L1 + paclitaxel/albumin‑paclitaxel + platinum combined immunotherapy drugs) for the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer were higher than those in the control group (paclitaxel/albumin‑paclitaxel + platinum). The median progression‑free and overall survival time in the experimental group were longer than those in the control group, and the incidence of side effects was higher than that in the control group. The experimental group had advantages in treating non‑small cell lung cancer during the asymptomatic remission period and prolonging survival time, but the incidence of adverse reactions decreased.