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NDC80 kinetochore complex component is a potential molecular target of adenoid cystic carcinoma

  • Authors:
    • Xia Yan
    • Sumei He
    • Yuansheng Lin
    • Jin Zhang
    • Jian Huan
    • Haibo Chen
    • Lina Lu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Oncology, Punan Branch of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine (Punan Hospital in Pudong), Shanghai 200125, P.R. China, Department of Pharmacy, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Yan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 114
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    Published online on: January 20, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2026.15467
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Abstract

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a slow‑growing malignant tumour that primarily originates from the major and minor salivary glands. The relationship between the NDC80 kinetochore complex component (NUF2) and ACC remains to be elucidated. The present study obtained gene expression information from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE88804 and GSE153002). Differentially expressed genes were identified by using the ‘limma’ package in R. A protein‑protein interaction network was constructed with the Search Tool for Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database and key genes were extracted using Cytoscape software. Analysis of differential expression levels of hub genes in tumour and normal tissue was performed using Tumour Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and GSE36820 profiles. Gene Ontology enrichment was subsequently analysed based on differences in NUF2 expression in tumour tissues. In addition, single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) was used for the quantitative analysis of immune cell infiltration in ACC. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to assess NUF2 expression levels in tumour and adjacent non‑tumour tissues. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to decrease NUF2 expression in ACC cell lines. The biological functions of NUF2 were analysed using Cell Counting Kit‑8 and wound healing assays. A total of 248 differential genes were identified by differential expression analyses, with 113 genes upregulated and 135 downregulated. A total of 7 hub genes, namely, CDK1, budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B, DNA topoisomerase II α, cyclin B2, NUF2, budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 and centromere protein F, were obtained using the ‘cytoHubba’ plugin. The TIMER, standardized and GSE36820 databases revealed that the expression levels of NUF2 were higher in ACC tissues compared with normal tissue samples. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining of ACC tissues provided evidence of NUF2 upregulation in ACC tissue compared with normal tissue. NUF2‑related genes were enriched in ‘ameboidal‑type cell migration’, ‘collagen‑containing extracellular matrix’ and ‘actin binding’. ssGSEA analysis revealed that the expression level of NUF2 was notably associated with activated CD4+ T cells, memory B cell and plasmacytoid dendritic cell. ACC cells transfected with NUF2 siRNA exhibited decreased proliferation and migration compared with the control. In conclusion, NUF2 is upregulated in ACC and is associated with immune cell infiltration. Functional studies demonstrated that NUF2 promotes ACC cell proliferation and migration, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for ACC.

View Figures

Figure 1

DEGs in GSE88804 and GSE153002. (A)
Volcano map of DEGs (blue represents downregulated genes and red
represents upregulated genes). (B) Heatmap of DEGs (blue represents
down-regulated genes and red represents up-regulated genes). DEGs,
differentially expressed genes; NUF2, NDC80 kinetochore complex
component; GSE, Gene Set Enrichment.

Figure 2

Construction and analysis of the PPI
network. (A) PPI network of DEGs was constructed with Cytoscape.
Degree was used to identify central genes. (B) MCC was used to
identify central genes. (C) MNC was used to identify central genes.
(D) Venn diagram was drawn and intersected. NUF2, NDC80 kinetochore
complex component; MNC, maximum network connectivity; PPI,
protein-protein interaction; DEGs, differentially expressed genes;
MCC, maximum clique centrality.

Figure 3

Expression level of NUF2 and
immunohistochemistry. (A) Expression levels of NUF2 were analysed
with the TIMER database. (B) Expression levels of NUF2 were
verified with a merged dataset (GSE88804 and GSE153002). (C)
Expression levels of NUF2 were verified by the GSE36820 dataset.
(D) Expression levels of NUF2 in two ACC tissues and adjacent
normal tissues assessed using western blotting. (E)
Immunohistochemical staining results demonstrated that both tumour
tissue samples received a final score of 6, indicating strong NUF2
expression. By contrast, the matched adjacent tissues demonstrated
lower expression levels, with the upper adjacent tissue scoring 3
and the lower adjacent tissue scoring 4. Magnification, ×200.
**P<0.01 and ***P<0.001. siRNA, small interfering RNA; NUF2,
NDC80 kinetochore complex component; TIMER, Tumour Immune
Estimation Resource; GSE, Gene Set Enrichment; ACC, adenoid cystic
carcinoma; TPM, transcripts per million; N, normal; T, tumour.

Figure 4

Functional enrichment analysis of
NUF2-related genes. (A) Biological process of GO analysis. (B)
Molecular functions of GO analysis. (C) Cellular components of GO
analysis. siRNA, small interfering RNA; NUF2, NDC80 kinetochore
complex component; GO, Gene Ontology.

Figure 5

NUF2 expression correlates with the
infiltration of immune cells. (A) Correlations between NUF2
expression and immune cells in HNSC tissues (n=522). (B) Box plots
illustrating the degree of 28 immune infiltrating cell subtypes
between the high- and low- NUF2 groups. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and
***P<0.001. siRNA, small interfering RNA; NUF2, NDC80
kinetochore complex component; HNSC, head and neck cancer; ns, not
significant; MDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cells; TPM,
transcripts per million; ssGSEA, single sample Gene Set Enrichment
Analysis.

Figure 6

Knockdown efficiency of siNUF2 and
NUF2 affects ACC proliferation and migration. (A) Western blotting
analysis indicated the efficiency of NUF2 knockdown in SACC-83
cells transfected with si-NC and si-NUF2. (B) CCK-8 assay was used
to assess the proliferation of the SACC-83 cells transfected with
si-NC and si-NUF2. (C and D) Wound healing assay was performed to
assess the migration of the SACC-83 cells transfected with si-NC
and si-NUF2 and relative healing rate of SACC-83 after
transfection. **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001. siRNA, small
interfering RNA; NUF2, NDC80 kinetochore complex component; CCK-8,
Cell Counting Kit-8; NC, negative control; ACC, adenoid cystic
carcinoma; SACC, salivary ACC.
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Spandidos Publications style
Yan X, He S, Lin Y, Zhang J, Huan J, Chen H and Lu L: <p>NDC80 kinetochore complex component is a potential molecular target of adenoid cystic carcinoma</p>. Oncol Lett 31: 114, 2026.
APA
Yan, X., He, S., Lin, Y., Zhang, J., Huan, J., Chen, H., & Lu, L. (2026). <p>NDC80 kinetochore complex component is a potential molecular target of adenoid cystic carcinoma</p>. Oncology Letters, 31, 114. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2026.15467
MLA
Yan, X., He, S., Lin, Y., Zhang, J., Huan, J., Chen, H., Lu, L."<p>NDC80 kinetochore complex component is a potential molecular target of adenoid cystic carcinoma</p>". Oncology Letters 31.3 (2026): 114.
Chicago
Yan, X., He, S., Lin, Y., Zhang, J., Huan, J., Chen, H., Lu, L."<p>NDC80 kinetochore complex component is a potential molecular target of adenoid cystic carcinoma</p>". Oncology Letters 31, no. 3 (2026): 114. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2026.15467
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Spandidos Publications style
Yan X, He S, Lin Y, Zhang J, Huan J, Chen H and Lu L: <p>NDC80 kinetochore complex component is a potential molecular target of adenoid cystic carcinoma</p>. Oncol Lett 31: 114, 2026.
APA
Yan, X., He, S., Lin, Y., Zhang, J., Huan, J., Chen, H., & Lu, L. (2026). <p>NDC80 kinetochore complex component is a potential molecular target of adenoid cystic carcinoma</p>. Oncology Letters, 31, 114. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2026.15467
MLA
Yan, X., He, S., Lin, Y., Zhang, J., Huan, J., Chen, H., Lu, L."<p>NDC80 kinetochore complex component is a potential molecular target of adenoid cystic carcinoma</p>". Oncology Letters 31.3 (2026): 114.
Chicago
Yan, X., He, S., Lin, Y., Zhang, J., Huan, J., Chen, H., Lu, L."<p>NDC80 kinetochore complex component is a potential molecular target of adenoid cystic carcinoma</p>". Oncology Letters 31, no. 3 (2026): 114. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2026.15467
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