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Article

Suppressive effects of an ethanol extract of Gleditsia sinensis thorns on human SNU-5 gastric cancer cells

  • Authors:
    • Se-Jung Lee
    • Dong Hee Ryu
    • Lee Chan Jang
    • Seok-Cheol Cho
    • Wun-Jae Kim
    • Sung-Kwon Moon
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Biotechnology, Chungju National University, Chungju, Chungbuk 380-702, Republic of Korea, Department of Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea, Department of Food and Nutrition, Seowon University, Cheongju 361-742, Republic of Korea, Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
  • Pages: 1609-1616
    |
    Published online on: February 4, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2271
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Abstract

The thorns of Gleditsia sinensis are a traditional Oriental medicine used for the treatment of swelling, suppuration, carbuncle and skin diseases. In the present study, we identified a novel molecular mechanism by which an ethanol extract of Gleditsia sinensis thorns (EEGS) inhibits the growth of the SNU-5 human gastric cancer cell line. EEGS treatment inhibited cell growth and was associated with G1 phase cell cycle arrest at a concentration of 400 µg/ml (IC50) in SNU-5 cells. Treatment with EEGS also stimulated p21WAF1 expression, which significantly decreased the expression of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Further study suggested that p38 MAP kinase pathways may be involved in the inhibition of cell proliferation through p21WAF1‑dependent G1 phase cell cycle arrest in EEGS-treated cells. In addition, NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factor binding sites were identified as the cis-elements for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression in SNU-5 cells, as determined by gel-shift assay. Treatment of cells with EEGS suppressed MMP-9 expression induced by TNF-α via a decrease in the binding activity of both NF-κB and AP-1 motifs. These data demonstrate that EEGS-mediated inhibition of cell growth appears to involve the activation of p38 MAP kinase, subsequently leading to the induction of p21WAF1 and the downregulation of cyclin D1/CDK4 and cyclin E/CDK2 complexes. Moreover, EEGS strongly inhibited TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression by impeding the DNA binding activity of NF-κB and AP-1. Overall, these results provide a potential mechanism for EEGS in the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Lee S, Ryu DH, Jang LC, Cho S, Kim W and Moon S: Suppressive effects of an ethanol extract of Gleditsia sinensis thorns on human SNU-5 gastric cancer cells. Oncol Rep 29: 1609-1616, 2013.
APA
Lee, S., Ryu, D.H., Jang, L.C., Cho, S., Kim, W., & Moon, S. (2013). Suppressive effects of an ethanol extract of Gleditsia sinensis thorns on human SNU-5 gastric cancer cells. Oncology Reports, 29, 1609-1616. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2271
MLA
Lee, S., Ryu, D. H., Jang, L. C., Cho, S., Kim, W., Moon, S."Suppressive effects of an ethanol extract of Gleditsia sinensis thorns on human SNU-5 gastric cancer cells". Oncology Reports 29.4 (2013): 1609-1616.
Chicago
Lee, S., Ryu, D. H., Jang, L. C., Cho, S., Kim, W., Moon, S."Suppressive effects of an ethanol extract of Gleditsia sinensis thorns on human SNU-5 gastric cancer cells". Oncology Reports 29, no. 4 (2013): 1609-1616. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2271
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Lee S, Ryu DH, Jang LC, Cho S, Kim W and Moon S: Suppressive effects of an ethanol extract of Gleditsia sinensis thorns on human SNU-5 gastric cancer cells. Oncol Rep 29: 1609-1616, 2013.
APA
Lee, S., Ryu, D.H., Jang, L.C., Cho, S., Kim, W., & Moon, S. (2013). Suppressive effects of an ethanol extract of Gleditsia sinensis thorns on human SNU-5 gastric cancer cells. Oncology Reports, 29, 1609-1616. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2271
MLA
Lee, S., Ryu, D. H., Jang, L. C., Cho, S., Kim, W., Moon, S."Suppressive effects of an ethanol extract of Gleditsia sinensis thorns on human SNU-5 gastric cancer cells". Oncology Reports 29.4 (2013): 1609-1616.
Chicago
Lee, S., Ryu, D. H., Jang, L. C., Cho, S., Kim, W., Moon, S."Suppressive effects of an ethanol extract of Gleditsia sinensis thorns on human SNU-5 gastric cancer cells". Oncology Reports 29, no. 4 (2013): 1609-1616. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2271
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