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Article

Experimental hypothyroidism increases apoptosis in dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary tumors

  • Authors:
    • Constanza Matilde López-Fontana
    • Corina   Verónica Sasso
    • María Eugenia Maselli
    • Flavia Eliana Santiano
    • Silvana Noemí Semino
    • Fernando Darío Cuello Carrión
    • Graciela Alma Jahn
    • Rubén Walter Carón
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo, CONICET, CCT-Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina, Department of Diagnosis and Treatment, Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, University Hospital, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
  • Pages: 1651-1660
    |
    Published online on: August 1, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2648
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Abstract

Epidemiological and in vitro data have not provided conclusive evidence concerning the involvement of thyroid hormones (THs) on mammary carcinogenesis. We used an in vivo model to assess the relationship between THs, adipose tissue and breast cancer development. Female Sprague‑Dawley rats were treated with a dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (15 mg/rat) at 55 days of age and were then divided into four experimental groups: hypothyroid rats (HypoT, 0.01% 6-N-propyl-2-thiouracil in drinking water), untreated control (EUT); hyperthyroid rats (HyperT, 0.25 mg/kg/day T4 s.c.) and vehicle-treated control rats. The latency of tumor appearance and the incidence and progression of tumors were determined. At sacrifice, blood samples were collected for hormone determinations and samples of tumor and mammary glands were obtained for immunohistological studies. HypoT rats had retarded growth and an increase in mammary fat. The latency was longer (p<0.0001), the incidence rate was lower (p<0.05) and tumor growth was slower in HypoT rats compared to EUT and HyperT rats. Mitotic index and PCNA immunostaining were similar in all groups. HypoT rats showed increased apoptosis (p<0.05) as evaluated by the apoptotic index and TUNEL staining. No differences in serum prolactin and progesterone were observed. However, circulating estradiol (E2) was significantly lower in HypoT and HyperT rats. Serum leptin levels were reduced in HypoT rats even though the abdominal fat mass was similar in all groups. To note, the leptin level was higher in HypoT rats that developed mammary tumors than the level in non-tumoral HypoT rats. In conclusion, hypothyroidism altered animal growth, breast morphology, body composition, leptin secretion and serum E2 enhancing apoptosis and, consequently, retarding mammary carcinogenesis in rats.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
López-Fontana CM, Sasso CV, Maselli ME, Santiano FE, Semino SN, Cuello Carrión FD, Jahn GA and Carón RW: Experimental hypothyroidism increases apoptosis in dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary tumors. Oncol Rep 30: 1651-1660, 2013.
APA
López-Fontana, C.M., Sasso, C.V., Maselli, M.E., Santiano, F.E., Semino, S.N., Cuello Carrión , F.D. ... Carón, R.W. (2013). Experimental hypothyroidism increases apoptosis in dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary tumors. Oncology Reports, 30, 1651-1660. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2648
MLA
López-Fontana, C. M., Sasso, C. V., Maselli, M. E., Santiano, F. E., Semino, S. N., Cuello Carrión , F. D., Jahn, G. A., Carón, R. W."Experimental hypothyroidism increases apoptosis in dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary tumors". Oncology Reports 30.4 (2013): 1651-1660.
Chicago
López-Fontana, C. M., Sasso, C. V., Maselli, M. E., Santiano, F. E., Semino, S. N., Cuello Carrión , F. D., Jahn, G. A., Carón, R. W."Experimental hypothyroidism increases apoptosis in dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary tumors". Oncology Reports 30, no. 4 (2013): 1651-1660. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2648
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
López-Fontana CM, Sasso CV, Maselli ME, Santiano FE, Semino SN, Cuello Carrión FD, Jahn GA and Carón RW: Experimental hypothyroidism increases apoptosis in dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary tumors. Oncol Rep 30: 1651-1660, 2013.
APA
López-Fontana, C.M., Sasso, C.V., Maselli, M.E., Santiano, F.E., Semino, S.N., Cuello Carrión , F.D. ... Carón, R.W. (2013). Experimental hypothyroidism increases apoptosis in dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary tumors. Oncology Reports, 30, 1651-1660. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2648
MLA
López-Fontana, C. M., Sasso, C. V., Maselli, M. E., Santiano, F. E., Semino, S. N., Cuello Carrión , F. D., Jahn, G. A., Carón, R. W."Experimental hypothyroidism increases apoptosis in dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary tumors". Oncology Reports 30.4 (2013): 1651-1660.
Chicago
López-Fontana, C. M., Sasso, C. V., Maselli, M. E., Santiano, F. E., Semino, S. N., Cuello Carrión , F. D., Jahn, G. A., Carón, R. W."Experimental hypothyroidism increases apoptosis in dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary tumors". Oncology Reports 30, no. 4 (2013): 1651-1660. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2648
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