Extract of Bryophyllum laetivirens reverses etoposide resistance in human lung A549 cancer cells by downregulation of NF-κB

Kaewpiboon,Chutima; Srisuttee,Ratakorn; Malilas,Waraporn; Moon,Jeong; Kaowinn,Sirichat; Cho,Il-Rae; Johnston,Randal   N.; Assavalapsakul,Wanchai; Chung,Young-Hwa

doi:10.3892/or.2013.2844

2014-January Volume 31 Issue 1

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2014-January Volume 31 Issue 1

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Article

Extract of Bryophyllum laetivirens reverses etoposide resistance in human lung A549 cancer cells by downregulation of NF-κB

Authors:
- Chutima Kaewpiboon
- Ratakorn Srisuttee
- Waraporn Malilas
- Jeong Moon
- Sirichat Kaowinn
- Il-Rae Cho
- Randal N. Johnston
- Wanchai Assavalapsakul
- Young-Hwa Chung
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Affiliations: Program in Biotechnology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand, WCU, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N4N1, Canada, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Pages: 161-168
|
Published online on: November 12, 2013

https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2844
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Abstract

Since multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the main reasons for failure in cancer treatment, its suppression may increase the efficacy of cancer therapy. In the present study we attempted to identify a new and effective anticancer drug against MDR cancer cells. We first found that lung cancer A549 cells resistant to etoposide (A549RT-eto) exhibit upregulation of NF-κB and SIRT1 in comparison to A549 parental cells. During a search for anticancer drug candidates from medicinal plant sources, we found that an extract fraction (F14) of Bryophyllum laetivirens leaves downregulated expression of NF-κB and SIRT1, sensitizing the levels of A549RT-eto cells to apoptosis through downregulation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which is encoded by the MDR1 gene. To address whether NF-κB is involved in resistance to etoposide through P-gp, we treated A549RT-eto cells with Bay11-7802, an inhibitor of NF-κB. We then observed that Bay11-7802 treatment reduced P-gp expression levels, and furthermore combined treatment with the F14 extract and Bay11-7802 accelerated apoptosis through a decrease in P-gp levels, suggesting that NF-κB is involved in MDR. To address whether upregulation of SIRT1 is involved in resistance to etoposide through P-gp, we treated A549RT-eto cells with SIRT1 siRNA or nicotinamide (NAM), an inhibitor of SIRT1. we found that suppression of SIRT1 did not reduce P-gp levels. furthermore, the combined treatment with the F14 extract, and SIRT1 siRNA or NAM did not accelerate apoptosis, indicating that SIRT1 is not involved in the regulation of P-gp levels in A549RT-eto cells. Taken together, we suggest that upregulation of NF-κB determines etoposide resistance through P-gp expression in human A549 lung cancer cells. We herein demonstrated that B. laetivirens extract reverses etoposide resistance in human A549 lung cancer cells through downregulation of NF-κB.

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Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Oncology

Molecular Medicine Reports

Oncology Reports

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Oncology Letters

Biomedical Reports

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

World Academy of Sciences Journal

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Epigenetics

Medicine International

Extract of Bryophyllum laetivirens reverses etoposide resistance in human lung A549 cancer cells by downregulation of NF-κB

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