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Article

Inhibition of IL-6 expression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells by a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib

  • Authors:
    • Huaqian Wang
    • Xiao-Xing Cui
    • Susan Goodin
    • Ning Ding
    • Jeremiah Van Doren
    • Zhiyun Du
    • Mou-Tuan Huang
    • Yue Liu
    • Xiaodong Cheng
    • Robert S. Dipaola
    • Allan H. Conney
    • Xi Zheng
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Allan H. Conney Laboratory for Anticancer Research, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China, Department of Chemical Biology, Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA, School of Life Sciences and Technology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
  • Pages: 835-841
    |
    Published online on: November 29, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2885
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Abstract

In the present study, we investigated the effect of a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib on the formation of interleukin (IL)-6, a cytokine that is increased during the progression of LNCaP tumors from androgen dependence to androgen independence. Culturing LNCaP cells in androgen‑depleted (AD) medium increased the levels of IL-6 and survivin, and treatment of the cells in AD medium with a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib strongly inhibited the increase in IL-6 and survivin which is one of the downstream targets of the IL-6 signaling pathway. Addition of recombinant IL-6 partially abrogated the combined effect of atorvastatin and celecoxib on apoptosis in LNCaP cells cultured in AD medium. In SCID mice, we found that the levels of IL-6 and survivin expression were increased when LNCaP tumors became androgen-independent. Treatment of the mice with atorvastatin or celecoxib alone caused decrease in the levels of IL-6 and survivin as LNCaP tumors became androgen-independent, but treatment of the mice with a combination of celecoxib and atorvastatin resulted in a much stronger inhibition in the increase in IL-6 and survivin expression. Our results indicate that decreases in IL-6 and survivin levels by atorvastatin and celecoxib administration are associated with increased apoptosis in LNCaP cells treated with this drug combination. Our in vivo studies indicate that the inhibitory effect of a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib on the progression of androgen-dependent LNCaP xenograft tumors to androgen independence is associated with inhibition of the increase in IL-6 and survivin that occurs when androgen-dependent LNCaP prostate tumors become androgen-independent.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang H, Cui X, Goodin S, Ding N, Van Doren J, Du Z, Huang M, Liu Y, Cheng X, Dipaola RS, Dipaola RS, et al: Inhibition of IL-6 expression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells by a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib. Oncol Rep 31: 835-841, 2014.
APA
Wang, H., Cui, X., Goodin, S., Ding, N., Van Doren, J., Du, Z. ... Zheng, X. (2014). Inhibition of IL-6 expression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells by a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib. Oncology Reports, 31, 835-841. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2885
MLA
Wang, H., Cui, X., Goodin, S., Ding, N., Van Doren, J., Du, Z., Huang, M., Liu, Y., Cheng, X., Dipaola, R. S., Conney, A. H., Zheng, X."Inhibition of IL-6 expression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells by a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib". Oncology Reports 31.2 (2014): 835-841.
Chicago
Wang, H., Cui, X., Goodin, S., Ding, N., Van Doren, J., Du, Z., Huang, M., Liu, Y., Cheng, X., Dipaola, R. S., Conney, A. H., Zheng, X."Inhibition of IL-6 expression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells by a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib". Oncology Reports 31, no. 2 (2014): 835-841. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2885
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang H, Cui X, Goodin S, Ding N, Van Doren J, Du Z, Huang M, Liu Y, Cheng X, Dipaola RS, Dipaola RS, et al: Inhibition of IL-6 expression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells by a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib. Oncol Rep 31: 835-841, 2014.
APA
Wang, H., Cui, X., Goodin, S., Ding, N., Van Doren, J., Du, Z. ... Zheng, X. (2014). Inhibition of IL-6 expression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells by a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib. Oncology Reports, 31, 835-841. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2885
MLA
Wang, H., Cui, X., Goodin, S., Ding, N., Van Doren, J., Du, Z., Huang, M., Liu, Y., Cheng, X., Dipaola, R. S., Conney, A. H., Zheng, X."Inhibition of IL-6 expression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells by a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib". Oncology Reports 31.2 (2014): 835-841.
Chicago
Wang, H., Cui, X., Goodin, S., Ding, N., Van Doren, J., Du, Z., Huang, M., Liu, Y., Cheng, X., Dipaola, R. S., Conney, A. H., Zheng, X."Inhibition of IL-6 expression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells by a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib". Oncology Reports 31, no. 2 (2014): 835-841. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2885
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