Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
2014-April Volume 31 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
2014-April Volume 31 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Nuclear-cytoplasmic PARP-1 expression as an unfavorable prognostic marker in lymph node‑negative early breast cancer: 15-year follow-up

  • Authors:
    • Piotr Donizy
    • Grazyna Pietrzyk
    • Agnieszka Halon
    • Cyprian Kozyra
    • Tserenchunt Gansukh
    • Hermann Lage
    • Pawel Surowiak
    • Rafal Matkowski
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pathomorphology and Oncological Cytology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland, Laboratory of Mammotomic Biopsy, 4th Military Hospital, 50-001 Wroclaw, Poland, Department of Statistics, Wroclaw University of Economics, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland, Medical Research Institute of Mongolia, 210526 Ulan Bator, Mongolia, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany, Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland, Department of Oncology and Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
  • Pages: 1777-1787
    |
    Published online on: February 18, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3024
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

PARP-1 plays an important role in DNA damage repair and maintaining genome integrity by repairing DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) by base excision repair (BER). The aim of the present study was to examine the expression of PARP-1 in breast cancer (BC) patients and to assess the relationship between the subcellular localization of this protein and clinicopathological characteristics. The reactivity of PARP-1 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a homogeneous group of 83 stage II ductal BC patients with a 15-year follow-up. Immunostaining of PARP-1 was also evaluated in 4 human BC cell lines and resistance prediction profile for 11 anticancer agents was performed using 3 models of drug-resistant cell lines. Nuclear-cytoplasmic expression (NCE) was associated with shorter overall survival, which was not statistically significant during the 10-year follow-up but became statistically significant after 10 years of observation, during the 15-year follow-up (P=0.015). Analysis performed in subgroups of patients with (N+) and without (N-) nodal metastases showed that NCE was associated with poor clinical outcome in N- patients (P=0.017). Multivariate analysis confirmed a significant impact of NCE on unfavorable prognosis in N- early BC. The presence of PARP-1 NCE may be a new potential unfavorable prognostic factor in lymph node- negative early BC.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Goldhirsch A, Wood WC, Coates AS, Gelber RD, Thürlimann B and Senn HJ; Panel members. Strategies for subtypes - dealing with the diversity of breast cancer: highlights of the St Gallen International Expert Consensus on the Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer 2011. Ann Oncol. 22:1736–1747. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Chambon P, Weill JD and Mandel P: Nicotinamide mononucleotide activation of new DNA-dependent polyadenylic acid synthesizing nuclear enzyme. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 11:39–43. 1963. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Kiliańska ZM, Żołnierczyk J and Węsierska-Gądek J: Biological activity of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1. Postepy Hig Med Dosw. 64:344–363. 2010.(In Polish).

4 

Shieh WM, Ame JC, Wilson MV, Wang ZQ, Koh DW, Jacobson MK and Jacobson EL: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase null mouse cells synthesize ADP-ribose polymers. J Biol Chem. 273:30069–30072. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Otto H, Reche PA, Bazan F, Dittmar K, Haag F and Koch-Nolte F: In silico characterization of the family of PARP-like poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferases (pARTs). BMC Genomics. 6:1392005. View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Krishnakumar R and Kraus WL: The PARP side of the nucleus: molecular actions, physiological outcomes, and clinical targets. Mol Cell. 39:8–24. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Mangerich A and Bürkle A: How to kill tumor cells with inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Int J Cancer. 128:251–265. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Langelier MF, Servent KM, Rogers EE and Pascal JM: A third zinc-binding domain of human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 coordinates DNA-dependent enzyme activation. J Biol Chem. 283:4105–4114. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Langelier MF, Ruhl DD, Planck JL, Kraus WL and Pascal JM: The Zn3 domain of human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) functions in both DNA-dependent poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis activity and chromatin compaction. J Biol Chem. 285:18877–18887. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Liu JF and Silver DP: Poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors: science and current clinical development. Curr Opin Oncol. 22:567–572. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Lord CJ and Ashworth A: The DNA damage response and cancer therapy. Nature. 481:287–294. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Javle M and Curtin NJ: The role of PARP in DNA repair and its therapeutic exploitation. Br J Cancer. 105:1114–1122. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Horton JK and Wilson SH: Hypersensitivity phenotypes associated with genetic and synthetic inhibitor-induced base excision repair deficiency. DNA Repair. 6:530–543. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Ame JC, Spenlehauer C and de Murcia G: The PARP superfamily. Bioessays. 26:882–893. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Plummer ER and Calvert H: Targeting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase: a two-armed strategy for cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 13:6252–6256. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Woodhouse BC and Dianov GL: Poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1: an international molecule of mystery. DNA Repair. 7:1077–1086. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Dębska S, Kubicka J, Czyżkowski R, Habib M and Potemski P: PARP inhibitors - theoretical basis and clinical application. Postepy Hig Med Dosw. 66:311–321. 2012.(In Polish).

18 

Sobin LH and Wittekind C: TNM classification of malignant tumours. 5th edition. Wiley-Liss Inc; New York: 2002

19 

Elston CW and Ellis IO: Pathological prognostic factors in breast cancer. I The value of histological grade in breast cancer: experience from a large study with long-term follow-up. Histopathology. 19:403–410. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Halon A, Materna V, Drag-Zalesinka M, Nowak-Markwitz E, Gansukh T, Donizy P, Spaczynski M, Zabel M, Dietel M, Lage H and Surowiak P: Estrogen receptor alpha expression in ovarian cancer predicts longer overall survival. Pathol Oncol Res. 17:511–518. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Halon A, Nowak-Markwitz E, Maciejczyk A, Pudelko M, Gansukh T, Györffy B, Donizy P, Murawa D, Matkowski R, Spaczynski M, Lage H and Surowiak P: Loss of estrogen receptor beta expression correlates with shorter overall survival and lack of clinical response to chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients. Anticancer Res. 31:711–718. 2011.

22 

Szczuraszek K, Halon A, Materna V, Mazur G, Wrobel T, Kuliczkowski K, et al: Elevated YB-1 expression is a new unfavorable prognostic factor in non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Anticancer Res. 31:2963–2970. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

23 

Remmele W and Stegner HE: Recommendation for uniform definition of an immunoreactive score (IRS) for immunohistochemical estrogen receptor detection (ER-ICA) in breast cancer tissue. Pathologe. 8:138–140. 1987.(In German).

24 

Lage H and Dietel M: Multiple mechanisms confer different drug-resistant phenotypes in pancreatic carcinoma cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 128:349–357. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Osheroff N, Corbert AH and Robinson MJ: Mechanism of action of topoisomerase II-targeted antineoplastic drugs. Adv Pharmacol. 29B:105–126. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Wichert A, Stege A, Midorikawa Y, Holm PS and Lage H: Glypican-3 is involved in cellular protection against mitoxantrone in gastric carcinoma cells. Oncogene. 23:945–955. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Kellner U, Hutchinson L, Seidel A, Lage H, Danks MK, Dietel M and Kaufmann SH: Decreased drug accumulation in a mitoxantrone-resistant gastric carcinoma cell line in the absence of P-glycoprotein. Int J Cancer. 71:817–824. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Lage H, Perlitz C, Abele R, Tampe R, Dietel M, Schadendorf D and Sinha P: Enhanced expression of human ABC-transporter tap is associated with cellular resistance to mitoxantrone. FEBS Lett. 503:179–184. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Lage H: Molecular analysis of therapy resistance in gastric cancer. Dig Dis. 21:326–338. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Györffy B, Surowiak P, Kiesslich O, Denkert C, Schäfer R, Dietel M and Lage H: Resistance prediction profile for eleven anticancer agents at clinical concentrations based on the gene expression pattern of thirty cell lines. Int J Cancer. 118:1699–1712. 2006.

31 

Altan N, Chen Y, Schindler M and Simon SM: Defective acidification in human breast tumor cells and implications for chemotherapy. J Exp Med. 187:1583–1598. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Vickers PJ, Dickson RB, Shoemaker R and Cowan KH: A multidrug-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line which exhibits cross-resistance to antiestrogens and hormone-independent tumor growth in vivo. Mol Endocrinol. 2:886–892. 1988. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Ke W, Yu P, Wang J, Wang R, Guo C, Zhou L, Li C and Li K: MCF-7/ADR cells (re-designated NCI/ADR-RES) are not derived from MCF-7 breast cancer cells: a loss for breast cancer multidrug-resistant research. Med Oncol (Suppl). 1:S135–S141. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Domagala P, Huzarski T, Lubinski J, Gugala K and Domagala W: PARP-1 expression in breast cancer including BRCA1-associated, triple negative and basal-like tumors: possible implications for PARP-1 inhibitor therapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 127:861–869. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

von Minckwitz G, Müller BM, Loibl S, Budczies J, Hanusch C, Darb-Esfahani S, et al: Cytoplasmic poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase expression is predictive and prognostic in patients with breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 29:2150–2157. 2011.

36 

Rojo F, Garcia-Parra J, Zazo S, Tusquets I, Ferrer-Lozano J, Menendez S, et al: Nuclear PARP-1 protein overexpression is associated with poor overall survival in early breast cancer. Ann Oncol. 23:1156–1164. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Ozretic L, Rhiem K, Huss S, Wappenschmidt B, Markiefka B, Sinn P, Schmutzler RK and Buettner R: High nuclear poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase expression is predictive for BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 29:4586–4588. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Surowiak P, Materna V, Matkowski R, Szczuraszek K, Kornafel J, Wojnar A, Pudelko M, et al: Relationship between the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 and MDR1/P-glycoprotein in invasive breast cancers and their prognostic significance. Breast Cancer Res. 7:R862–R870. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Surowiak P, Materna V, Györffy B, Matkowski R, Wojnar A, Maciejczyk A, et al: Multivariate analysis of oestrogen receptor alpha, pS2, metallothionein and CD24 expression in invasive breast cancers. Br J Cancer. 95:339–346. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Maciejczyk A, Szelachowska J, Ekiert M, Matkowski R, Hałoń A, Lage H and Surowiak P: Elevated nuclear YB1 expression is associated with poor survival of patients with early breast cancer. Anticancer Res. 32:3177–3184. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Donizy P, Pietrzyk G, Halon A, Kozyra C, Gansukh T, Lage H, Surowiak P and Matkowski R: Nuclear-cytoplasmic PARP-1 expression as an unfavorable prognostic marker in lymph node‑negative early breast cancer: 15-year follow-up. Oncol Rep 31: 1777-1787, 2014.
APA
Donizy, P., Pietrzyk, G., Halon, A., Kozyra, C., Gansukh, T., Lage, H. ... Matkowski, R. (2014). Nuclear-cytoplasmic PARP-1 expression as an unfavorable prognostic marker in lymph node‑negative early breast cancer: 15-year follow-up. Oncology Reports, 31, 1777-1787. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3024
MLA
Donizy, P., Pietrzyk, G., Halon, A., Kozyra, C., Gansukh, T., Lage, H., Surowiak, P., Matkowski, R."Nuclear-cytoplasmic PARP-1 expression as an unfavorable prognostic marker in lymph node‑negative early breast cancer: 15-year follow-up". Oncology Reports 31.4 (2014): 1777-1787.
Chicago
Donizy, P., Pietrzyk, G., Halon, A., Kozyra, C., Gansukh, T., Lage, H., Surowiak, P., Matkowski, R."Nuclear-cytoplasmic PARP-1 expression as an unfavorable prognostic marker in lymph node‑negative early breast cancer: 15-year follow-up". Oncology Reports 31, no. 4 (2014): 1777-1787. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3024
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Donizy P, Pietrzyk G, Halon A, Kozyra C, Gansukh T, Lage H, Surowiak P and Matkowski R: Nuclear-cytoplasmic PARP-1 expression as an unfavorable prognostic marker in lymph node‑negative early breast cancer: 15-year follow-up. Oncol Rep 31: 1777-1787, 2014.
APA
Donizy, P., Pietrzyk, G., Halon, A., Kozyra, C., Gansukh, T., Lage, H. ... Matkowski, R. (2014). Nuclear-cytoplasmic PARP-1 expression as an unfavorable prognostic marker in lymph node‑negative early breast cancer: 15-year follow-up. Oncology Reports, 31, 1777-1787. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3024
MLA
Donizy, P., Pietrzyk, G., Halon, A., Kozyra, C., Gansukh, T., Lage, H., Surowiak, P., Matkowski, R."Nuclear-cytoplasmic PARP-1 expression as an unfavorable prognostic marker in lymph node‑negative early breast cancer: 15-year follow-up". Oncology Reports 31.4 (2014): 1777-1787.
Chicago
Donizy, P., Pietrzyk, G., Halon, A., Kozyra, C., Gansukh, T., Lage, H., Surowiak, P., Matkowski, R."Nuclear-cytoplasmic PARP-1 expression as an unfavorable prognostic marker in lymph node‑negative early breast cancer: 15-year follow-up". Oncology Reports 31, no. 4 (2014): 1777-1787. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3024
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team