Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
August-2014 Volume 32 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August-2014 Volume 32 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Elevated expression of the nuclear export protein, Crm1 (exportin 1), associates with human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma

  • Authors:
    • Pauline J. van der Watt
    • Widaad Zemanay
    • Dhirendra Govender
    • Denver T. Hendricks
    • M. I. Parker
    • Virna D. Leaner
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Division of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, Division of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, NHLS-Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
  • Pages: 730-738
    |
    Published online on: June 4, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3231
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The nuclear export receptor, Crm1 (exportin 1), is involved in the nuclear translocation of proteins and certain RNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and is thus crucial for the correct localisation of cellular components. Crm1 has recently been reported to be highly expressed in certain types of cancers, yet its expression in oesophageal cancer has not been investigated to date. We investigated the expression of Crm1 in normal and tumour tissues derived from 56 patients with human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its functional significance in oesophageal cancer cell line models. Immunohistochemistry revealed that Crm1 expression was significantly elevated in oesophageal tumour tissues compared to normal tissues and its localisation shifted from predominantly nuclear to nuclear and cytoplasmic. Real‑time RT‑PCR revealed that Crm1 expression was elevated at the mRNA level. To determine the functional significance of elevated Crm1 expression in oesophageal cancer, its expression was inhibited using siRNA, and a significant decrease in cell proliferation was observed associated with G1 cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis. Similarly, leptomycin B (LMB) treatment resulted in the effective killing of oesophageal cancer cells at nanomolar concentrations. Normal oesophageal epithelial cells, however, were much less sensitive to Crm1 inhibition with siRNA and LMB. Together, this study reveals that Crm1 expression is increased in oesophageal cancer and is required for the proliferation and survival of oesophageal cancer cells.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

View References

1 

Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J and Pisani P: Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 55:74–108. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E and Forman D: Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 61:69–90. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Ossareh-Nazari B, Bachelerie F and Dargemont C: Evidence for a role of CRM1 in signal-mediated nuclear protein export. Science. 278:141–144. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Fukuda M, Asano S, Nakamura T, Adachi M, Yoshida M, Yanagida M and Nishida E: CRM1 is responsible for intracellular transport mediated by the nuclear export signal. Nature. 390:308–311. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Stommel JM, Marchenko ND, Jimenez GS, Moll UM, Hope TJ and Wahl GM: A leucine-rich nuclear export signal in the p53 tetramerization domain: regulation of subcellular localization and p53 activity by NES masking. EMBO J. 18:1660–1672. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Saji M, Vasko V, Kada F, Allbritton EH, Burman KD and Ringel MD: Akt1 contains a functional leucine-rich nuclear export sequence. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 332:167–173. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

van der Watt PJ, Maske CP, Hendricks DT, et al: The Karyopherin proteins, Crm1 and Karyopherin β1, are overexpressed in cervical cancer and are critical for cancer cell survival and proliferation. Int J Cancer. 124:1829–1840. 2009.

8 

Noske A, Weichert W, Niesporek S, et al: Expression of the nuclear export protein chromosomal region maintenance/exportin 1/Xpo1 is a prognostic factor in human ovarian cancer. Cancer. 112:1733–1743. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Yao Y, Dong Y, Lin F, et al: The expression of CRM1 is associated with prognosis in human osteosarcoma. Oncol Rep. 21:229–235. 2009.PubMed/NCBI

10 

Shen A, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Zou L, Sun L and Cheng C: Expression of CRM1 in human gliomas and its significance in p27 expression and clinical prognosis. Neurosurgery. 65:153–159. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Huang WY, Yue L, Qiu WS, Wang LW, Zhou XH and Sun YJ: Prognostic value of CRM1 in pancreas cancer. Clin Invest Med. 32:E3152009.PubMed/NCBI

12 

Zhou F, Qiu W, Yao R, et al: CRM1 is a novel independent prognostic factor for the poor prognosis of gastric carcinomas. Med Oncol. 30:7262013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Tai YT, Landesman Y, Acharya C, et al: CRM1 inhibition induces tumor cell cytotoxicity and impairs osteoclastogenesis in multiple myeloma: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Leukemia. 28:155–165. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Roberts BJ, Hamelehle KL, Sebolt JS and Leopold WR: In vivo and in vitro anticancer activity of the structurally novel and highly potent antibiotic CI-940 and its hydroxy analog (PD 114,721). Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 16:95–101. 1986. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Mutka SC, Yang WQ, Dong SD, Ward SL, Craig DA, Timmermans PB and Murli S: Identification of nuclear export inhibitors with potent anticancer activity in vivo. Cancer Res. 69:510–517. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Van Neck T, Pannecouque C, Vanstreels E, Stevens M, Dehaen W and Daelemans D: Inhibition of the CRM1-mediated nucleocytoplasmic transport by N-azolylacrylates: structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action. Bioorg Med Chem. 16:9487–9497. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

17 

Allred DC, Brown P and Medina D: The origins of estrogen receptor α-positive and estrogen receptor α-negative human breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 6:240–245. 2004.

18 

Maae E, Nielsen M, Steffensen KD, Jakobsen EH, Jakobsen A and Sorensen FB: Estimation of immunohistochemical expression of VEGF in ductal carcinomas of the breast. J Histochem Cytochem. 59:750–760. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Jones GJ, Heiss NS, Veale RB and Thornley AL: Amplification and expression of the TGF-α, EGF receptor and c-myc genes in four human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma lines. Biosci Rep. 13:303–312. 1993.

21 

Shimada Y, Imamura M, Wagata T, Yamaguchi N and Tobe T: Characterization of 21 newly established esophageal cancer cell lines. Cancer. 69:277–284. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Kudo N, Khochbin S, Nishi K, Kitano K, Yanagida M, Yoshida M and Horinouchi S: Molecular cloning and cell cycle-dependent expression of mammalian CRM1, a protein involved in nuclear export of proteins. J Biol Chem. 272:29742–29751. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

van der Watt PJ and Leaner VD: The nuclear exporter, Crm1, is regulated by NFY and Sp1 in cancer cells and repressed by p53 in response to DNA damage. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1809:316–326. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

24 

Casson AG, Tammemagi M, Eskandarian S, Redston M, McLaughlin J and Ozcelik H: p53 alterations in oesophageal cancer: association with clinicopathological features, risk factors, and survival. Mol Pathol. 51:71–79. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Uchino S, Saito T, Inomata M, Osawa N, Chikuba K, Etoh K and Kobayashi M: Prognostic significance of the p53 mutation in esophageal cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 26:287–292. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Lecane PS, Kiviharju TM, Sellers RG and Peehl DM: Leptomycin B stabilizes and activates p53 in primary prostatic epithelial cells and induces apoptosis in the LNCaP cell line. Prostate. 54:258–267. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Smart P, Lane EB, Lane DP, Midgley C, Vojtesek B and Lain S: Effects on normal fibroblasts and neuroblastoma cells of the activation of the p53 response by the nuclear export inhibitor leptomycin B. Oncogene. 18:7378–7386. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Kuusisto HV, Wagstaff KM, Alvisi G, Roth DM and Jans DA: Global enhancement of nuclear localization-dependent nuclear transport in transformed cells. FASEB J. 26:1181–1193. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
van der Watt PJ, Zemanay W, Govender D, Hendricks DT, Parker MI and Leaner VD: Elevated expression of the nuclear export protein, Crm1 (exportin 1), associates with human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 32: 730-738, 2014.
APA
van der Watt, P.J., Zemanay, W., Govender, D., Hendricks, D.T., Parker, M.I., & Leaner, V.D. (2014). Elevated expression of the nuclear export protein, Crm1 (exportin 1), associates with human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncology Reports, 32, 730-738. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3231
MLA
van der Watt, P. J., Zemanay, W., Govender, D., Hendricks, D. T., Parker, M. I., Leaner, V. D."Elevated expression of the nuclear export protein, Crm1 (exportin 1), associates with human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma". Oncology Reports 32.2 (2014): 730-738.
Chicago
van der Watt, P. J., Zemanay, W., Govender, D., Hendricks, D. T., Parker, M. I., Leaner, V. D."Elevated expression of the nuclear export protein, Crm1 (exportin 1), associates with human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma". Oncology Reports 32, no. 2 (2014): 730-738. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3231
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
van der Watt PJ, Zemanay W, Govender D, Hendricks DT, Parker MI and Leaner VD: Elevated expression of the nuclear export protein, Crm1 (exportin 1), associates with human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 32: 730-738, 2014.
APA
van der Watt, P.J., Zemanay, W., Govender, D., Hendricks, D.T., Parker, M.I., & Leaner, V.D. (2014). Elevated expression of the nuclear export protein, Crm1 (exportin 1), associates with human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncology Reports, 32, 730-738. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3231
MLA
van der Watt, P. J., Zemanay, W., Govender, D., Hendricks, D. T., Parker, M. I., Leaner, V. D."Elevated expression of the nuclear export protein, Crm1 (exportin 1), associates with human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma". Oncology Reports 32.2 (2014): 730-738.
Chicago
van der Watt, P. J., Zemanay, W., Govender, D., Hendricks, D. T., Parker, M. I., Leaner, V. D."Elevated expression of the nuclear export protein, Crm1 (exportin 1), associates with human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma". Oncology Reports 32, no. 2 (2014): 730-738. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3231
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team