Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
May-2015 Volume 33 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May-2015 Volume 33 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Lactotrophs: The new and major source for VEGF secretion and the influence of ECM on rat pituitary function in vitro

  • Authors:
    • Joachim Alfer
    • Joseph Neulen
    • Andreas Gaumann
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pathology Kaufbeuren-Ravensburg, D-88212 Ravensburg, Germany, Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, RWTH University of Aachen, School of Medicine, D-52057 Aachen, Germany
    Copyright: © Alfer et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].
  • Pages: 2129-2134
    |
    Published online on: March 13, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.3851
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a pivotal role in pituitary endocrine function by influencing fenestration and blood vessel growth. Folliculostellate (FS) cells, which represent only a small number of pituitary cells, are recognized to produce VEGF. Tissue sections and primary pituitary cell cultures from rat pituitary glands were performed to co-localize VEGF and pituitary lactotrophs, which represents nearly 50% of all pituitary cells, by immunofluorescence. VEGF is co-localized with prolactin-producing cells in vivo and in vitro. FS cells are present infrequently in vivo (1.6%) and in vitro (2.4%). Culture supernatants were analyzed for the presence of VEGF by ELISA. VEGF levels are always significantly lower in supernatants from the cells that are seeded on Matrigel extracellular matrix (ECM) compared to the cells grown on plastic. Lower VEGF concentrations in supernatants from the pituitary cells cultured on ECM may reflect a more adequate cell environment compared to culture on plastic. These results demonstrate for the first time, that VEGF is expressed by lactotrophs, which outnumber FS cells. These results are of potential clinical relevance especially in oncology for the interpretation of studies investigating anti‑angiogenic treatment of pituitary tumors.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Ferrara N and Henzel WJ: Pituitary follicular cells secrete a novel heparin-binding growth factor specific for vascular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 161:851–858. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Leung DW, Cachianes G, Kuang WJ, Goeddel DV and Ferrara N: Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen. Science. 246:1306–1309. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Nakajima T, Yamaguchi H and Takahashi K: S100 protein in folliculostellate cells of the rat pituitary anterior lobe. Brain Res. 191:523–531. 1980. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Vankelecom H, Matthys P, Van Damme J, Heremans H, Billiau A and Denef C: Immunocytochemical evidence that S-100-positive cells of the mouse anterior pituitary contain interleukin-6 immunoreactivity. J Histochem Cytochem. 41:151–156. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Gracia-Navarro F, Porter D, Garcia-Navarro S and Licht P: Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study of the frog (Rana pipiens) pars distalis with special reference to folliculo-stellate cell function during in vitro superfusion. Cell Tissue Res. 256:623–630. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Amano O, Yoshitake Y, Nishikawa K and Iseki S: Immunocytochemical localization of basic fibroblast growth factor in the rat pituitary gland. Arch Histol Cytol. 56:269–276. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Hentges S, Boyadjieva N and Sarkar DK: Transforming growth factor-beta3 stimulates lactotrope cell growth by increasing basic fibroblast growth factor from folliculo-stellate cells. Endocrinology. 141:859–867. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

8 

Vankelecom H, Carmeliet P, Van Damme J, Billiau A and Denef C: Production of interleukin-6 by folliculo-stellate cells of the anterior pituitary gland in a histiotypic cell aggregate culture system. Neuroendocrinology. 49:102–106. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Horvath E and Kovacs K: Folliculo-stellate cells of the human pituitary: A type of adult stem cell? Ultrastruct Pathol. 26:219–228. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Ochoa AL, Mitchner NA, Paynter CD, Morris RE and Ben-Jonathan N: Vascular endothelial growth factor in the rat pituitary: differential distribution and regulation by estrogen. J Endocrinol. 165:483–492. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Jabbour HN, Boddy SC and Lincoln GA: Pattern and localisation of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor flt-1 in the ovine pituitary gland: expression is independent of hypothalamic control. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 134:91–100. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Vila-Porcile E, Picart R, Vigny M, Tixier-Vidal A and Tougard C: Immunolocalization of laminin, heparan-sulfate proteoglycan, entactin, and type IV collagen in the rat anterior pituitary. I. An in vivo study. Anat Rec. 232:482–492. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Murray K, de Lera JM, Astudillo A and McNicol AM: Organisation of basement membrane components in the human adult and fetal pituitary gland and in pituitary adenomas. Virchows Arch. 431:329–335. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Vlodavsky I, Lui GM and Gospodarowicz D: Morphological appearance, growth behavior and migratory activity of human tumor cells maintained on extracellular matrix versus plastic. Cell. 19:607–616. 1980. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Bethea CL and Weiner RI: Human prolactin secreting adenoma cells maintained on extracellular matrix. Endocrinology. 108:357–360. 1981. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Horacek MJ, Dada MO and Terracio L: Reconstituted basement membrane influences prolactin, LH, and FSH secretion from adult and fetal adenohypophyseal cells in vitro. J Cell Physiol. 151:180–189. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Kiesel L and Catt KJ: Phosphatidic acid and the calcium-dependent actions of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in pituitary gonadotrophs. Arch Biochem Biophys. 231:202–210. 1984. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Classen-Linke I, Alfer J, Krusche CA, Chwalisz K, Rath W and Beier HM: Progestins, progesterone receptor modulators, and progesterone antagonists change VEGF release of endometrial cells in culture. Steroids. 65:763–771. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Oomizu S, Chaturvedi K and Sarkar DK: Folliculostellate cells determine the susceptibility of lactotropes to estradiol’s mitogenic action. Endocrinology. 145:1473–1480. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Banerjee SK, Sarkar DK, Weston AP, De A and Campbell DR: Over expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor during the development of estrogen-induced rat pituitary tumors may mediate estrogen-initiated tumor angiogenesis. Carcinogenesis. 18:1155–1161. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Chen HT: Postnatal development of pituitary lactotropes in the rat measured by reverse hemolytic plaque assay. Endocrinology. 120:247–253. 1987. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Shan B, Schaaf C, Schmidt A, et al: Curcumin suppresses HIF1A synthesis and VEGFA release in pituitary adenomas. J Endocrinol. 214:389–398. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Onofri C, Carbia Nagashima A, Schaaf L, et al: Estradiol stimulates vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-6 in human lactotroph and lactosomatotroph pituitary adenomas. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 112:18–23. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Lombardero M, Quintanar-Stephano A, Vidal S, et al: Effect of estrogen on the blood supply of pituitary autografts in rats. J Anat. 214:235–244. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Cristina C, Perez-Millan MI, Luque G, et al: VEGF and CD31 association in pituitary adenomas. Endocr Pathol. 21:154–160. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Sánchez-Ortiga R, Sánchez-Tejada L, Moreno-Perez O, Riesgo P, Niveiro M and Picó Alfonso AM: Over-expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in pituitary adenomas is associated with extrasellar growth and recurrence. Pituitary. 16:370–377. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Esser S, Wolburg K, Wolburg H, Breier G, Kurzchalia T and Risau W: Vascular endothelial growth factor induces endothelial fenestrations in vitro. J Cell Biol. 140:947–959. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Schatz F, Gordon RE, Laufer N and Gurpide E: Culture of human endometrial cells under polarizing conditions. Differentiation. 42:184–190. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Lee BL, Yoo MJ, Kim WH, Hwang DH, Lee SK and Kleinman HK: Reconstituted basement membrane reduces proliferation and increases prolactin expression of GH3 cells. Endocr J. 46:597–604. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Alfer J, Neulen J and Gaumann A: Lactotrophs: The new and major source for VEGF secretion and the influence of ECM on rat pituitary function in vitro. Oncol Rep 33: 2129-2134, 2015.
APA
Alfer, J., Neulen, J., & Gaumann, A. (2015). Lactotrophs: The new and major source for VEGF secretion and the influence of ECM on rat pituitary function in vitro. Oncology Reports, 33, 2129-2134. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.3851
MLA
Alfer, J., Neulen, J., Gaumann, A."Lactotrophs: The new and major source for VEGF secretion and the influence of ECM on rat pituitary function in vitro". Oncology Reports 33.5 (2015): 2129-2134.
Chicago
Alfer, J., Neulen, J., Gaumann, A."Lactotrophs: The new and major source for VEGF secretion and the influence of ECM on rat pituitary function in vitro". Oncology Reports 33, no. 5 (2015): 2129-2134. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.3851
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Alfer J, Neulen J and Gaumann A: Lactotrophs: The new and major source for VEGF secretion and the influence of ECM on rat pituitary function in vitro. Oncol Rep 33: 2129-2134, 2015.
APA
Alfer, J., Neulen, J., & Gaumann, A. (2015). Lactotrophs: The new and major source for VEGF secretion and the influence of ECM on rat pituitary function in vitro. Oncology Reports, 33, 2129-2134. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.3851
MLA
Alfer, J., Neulen, J., Gaumann, A."Lactotrophs: The new and major source for VEGF secretion and the influence of ECM on rat pituitary function in vitro". Oncology Reports 33.5 (2015): 2129-2134.
Chicago
Alfer, J., Neulen, J., Gaumann, A."Lactotrophs: The new and major source for VEGF secretion and the influence of ECM on rat pituitary function in vitro". Oncology Reports 33, no. 5 (2015): 2129-2134. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.3851
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team