Open Access

AMD3100 reduces CXCR4-mediated survival and metastasis of osteosarcoma by inhibiting JNK and Akt, but not p38 or Erk1/2, pathways in in vitro and mouse experiments

  • Authors:
    • Yu-Xin Liao
    • Ze-Ze Fu
    • Cheng-Hao Zhou
    • Lian-Cheng Shan
    • Zhuo‑Ying Wang
    • Fei Yin
    • Long-Po Zheng
    • Ying-Qi Hua
    • Zheng-Dong Cai
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: May 19, 2015     https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.3992
  • Pages: 33-42
  • Copyright: © Liao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].

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Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OS) has an unfavorable prognosis and tends to metastasize to lung tissue. Although the CXCL12‑CXCR4 axis appears to affect progression and metastasis in numerous tumors, its mechanism and downstream pathways in OS remain unclear. We used western blotting and flow cytometry to detect CXCR4 and CXCR7 expression in two OS cell lines (LM8 and Dunn). An MTT assay was used to evaluate the effects of CXCL12 and AMD3100, a specific CXCR4 antagonist, on cell viability. Flow cytometry was utilized to analyze changes in apoptosis induced by serum deprivation following treatment with CXCL12 and AMD3100. A Transwell assay was used to assess cell migration in response to CXCL12 and AMD3100. Western blotting was performed to identify the phosphorylation of signaling molecules (JNK, c-Jun, Akt, p38 and Erk1/2) and expression of caspase-3 and -8, and PARP. Mouse models were employed to evaluate AMD3100 inhibition of primary OS growth and lung metastasis in vivo. CXCR4 expression was detected in LM8 but not Dunn cells, and neither cell line expressed CXCR7. The addition of CXCL12 induced the survival and migration of serum‑starved CXCR4+ LM8 cells activating JNK and Akt pathways, which were abrogated by adding AMD3100. However, similar results were not observed in CXCR4- Dunn cells. CXCL12 protected LM8, but not Dunn cells, from apoptosis induced by serum deprivation by suppressing PARP cleavage, which was partly reversed by AMD3100. In a mouse model, AMD3100 reduced primary tumor growth and lung metastasis compared with the controls. Thus, the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis regulated OS survival and metastasis through the JNK and Akt pathways, and blocking them with AMD3100 was found to be a potential OS treatment.
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July-2015
Volume 34 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1021-335X
Online ISSN:1791-2431

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Spandidos Publications style
Liao Y, Fu Z, Zhou C, Shan L, Wang ZY, Yin F, Zheng L, Hua Y and Cai Z: AMD3100 reduces CXCR4-mediated survival and metastasis of osteosarcoma by inhibiting JNK and Akt, but not p38 or Erk1/2, pathways in in vitro and mouse experiments. Oncol Rep 34: 33-42, 2015
APA
Liao, Y., Fu, Z., Zhou, C., Shan, L., Wang, Z., Yin, F. ... Cai, Z. (2015). AMD3100 reduces CXCR4-mediated survival and metastasis of osteosarcoma by inhibiting JNK and Akt, but not p38 or Erk1/2, pathways in in vitro and mouse experiments. Oncology Reports, 34, 33-42. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.3992
MLA
Liao, Y., Fu, Z., Zhou, C., Shan, L., Wang, Z., Yin, F., Zheng, L., Hua, Y., Cai, Z."AMD3100 reduces CXCR4-mediated survival and metastasis of osteosarcoma by inhibiting JNK and Akt, but not p38 or Erk1/2, pathways in in vitro and mouse experiments". Oncology Reports 34.1 (2015): 33-42.
Chicago
Liao, Y., Fu, Z., Zhou, C., Shan, L., Wang, Z., Yin, F., Zheng, L., Hua, Y., Cai, Z."AMD3100 reduces CXCR4-mediated survival and metastasis of osteosarcoma by inhibiting JNK and Akt, but not p38 or Erk1/2, pathways in in vitro and mouse experiments". Oncology Reports 34, no. 1 (2015): 33-42. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.3992