Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
July-2015 Volume 34 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
July-2015 Volume 34 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Ligularia fischeri inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation through the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways and regulation of vascular endothelial cadherin distribution and matrix metalloproteinase expression

  • Authors:
    • Jae Hyeon Kim
    • Hyeon-Ju Kim
    • Jin-Kyu Kim
    • Eun-Kyung Ahn
    • Hye-Jin Ko
    • Young-Rak Cho
    • Sang-Jin Lee
    • Gyu-Un Bae
    • Yong Kee Kim
    • Jong Woo Park
    • Joa Sub Oh
    • Dong-Wan Seo
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea, Natural Products Research Institute, Gyeonggi Institute of Science and Technology Promotion, Suwon 443‑270, Republic of Korea, Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
  • Pages: 221-226
    |
    Published online on: May 20, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4000
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Ligularia fischeri (LF) has been used as an edible herb and traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases. In the present study, we report the effects and molecular mechanism of the ethanolic extract of LF on cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). LF-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation was accompanied by reduced expression of cell cycle-related proteins such as cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) and cyclins, leading to pRb hypophosphorylation and G1 phase cell cycle arrest. We also show that LF treatment inhibited cell invasion and tube formation in HUVECs. These anti-angiogenic activities of LF were associated with the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways, induction of vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin distribution at cell-cell contacts and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the pharmacological functions and molecular mechanisms of LF in regulating endothelial cell fates, and support further development as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment and prevention of angiogenesis-related disorders including cancer.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Cristofanilli M, Charnsangavej C and Hortobagyi GN: Angiogenesis modulation in cancer research: novel clinical approaches. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 1:415–426. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Folkman J: Angiogenesis: an organizing principle for drug discovery? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 6:273–286. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Carmeliet P and Jain RK: Principles and mechanisms of vessel normalization for cancer and other angiogenic diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 10:417–427. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Cook KM and Figg WD: Angiogenesis inhibitors: current strategies and future prospects. CA Cancer J Clin. 60:222–243. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Nyberg P, Xie L and Kalluri R: Endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis. Cancer Res. 65:3967–3979. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Stetler-Stevenson WG: Matrix metalloproteinases in angiogenesis: a moving target for therapeutic intervention. J Clin Invest. 103:1237–1241. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Kessenbrock K, Plaks V and Werb Z: Matrix metalloproteinases: regulators of the tumor microenvironment. Cell. 141:52–67. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Bourboulia D and Stetler-Stevenson WG: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs): positive and negative regulators in tumor cell adhesion. Semin Cancer Biol. 20:161–168. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Dejana E, Orsenigo F and Lampugnani MG: The role of adherens junctions and VE-cadherin in the control of vascular permeability. J Cell Sci. 121:2115–2122. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Kim SH, Cho YR, Kim HJ, Oh JS, Ahn EK, Ko HJ, Hwang BJ, Lee SJ, Cho Y, Kim YK, et al: Antagonism of VEGF-A-induced increase in vascular per meability by an integrin α3β1-Shp-1-cAMP/PKA pathway. Blood. 120:4892–4902. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Herren B, Levkau B, Raines EW and Ross R: Cleavage of beta-catenin and plakoglobin and shedding of VE-cadherin during endothelial apoptosis: evidence for a role for caspases and metalloproteinases. Mol Biol Cell. 9:1589–1601. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Grazia Lampugnani M, Zanetti A, Corada M, Takahashi T, Balconi G, Breviario F, Orsenigo F, Cattelino A, Kemler R, Daniel TO, et al: Contact inhibition of VEGF-induced proliferation requires vascular endothelial cadherin, beta-catenin, and the phosphatase DEP-1/CD148. J Cell Biol. 161:793–804. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

George SJ and Dwivedi A: MMPs, cadherins, and cell proliferation. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 14:100–105. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Spring K, Chabot C, Langlois S, Lapointe L, Trinh NT, Caron C, Hebda JK, Gavard J, Elchebly M and Royal I: Tyrosine phosphorylation of DEP-1/CD148 as a mechanism controlling Src kinase activation, endothelial cell permeability, invasion, and capillary formation. Blood. 120:2745–2756. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Brew K and Nagase H: The tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs): an ancient family with structural and functional diversity. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1803:55–71. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Seo D-W, Li H, Guedez L, Wingfield PT, Diaz T, Salloum R, Wei BY and Stetler-Stevenson WG: TIMP-2 mediated inhibition of angiogenesis: an MMP-independent mechanism. Cell. 114:171–180. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Qi JH, Ebrahem Q, Moore N, Murphy G, Claesson-Welsh L, Bond M, Baker A and Anand-Apte B: A novel function for tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP3): inhibition of angiogenesis by blockage of VEGF binding to VEGF receptor-2. Nat Med. 9:407–415. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Jung KK, Liu XW, Chirco R, Fridman R and Kim HR: Identification of CD63 as a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 interacting cell surface protein. EMBO J. 25:3934–3942. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Seo DW, Li H, Qu CK, Oh J, Kim YS, Diaz T, Wei B, Han JW and Stetler-Stevenson WG: Shp-1 mediates the antiproliferative activity of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 in human microvascular endothelial cells. J Biol Chem. 281:3711–3721. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar :

20 

Seo DW, Kim SH, Eom SH, Yoon HJ, Cho YR, Kim PH, Kim YK, Han JW, Diaz T, Wei BY, et al: TIMP-2 disrupts FGF-2-induced downstream signaling pathways. Microvasc Res. 76:145–151. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Stetler-Stevenson WG: Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in cell signaling: metalloproteinase-independent biological activities. Sci Signal. 1:re62008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Coussens LM, Fingleton B and Matrisian LM: Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors and cancer: trials and tribulations. Science. 295:2387–2392. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Vandenbroucke RE and Libert C: Is there new hope for therapeutic matrix metalloproteinase inhibition? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 13:904–927. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Hwang BY, Lee JH, Koo TH, Kim HS, Hong YS, Ro JS, Lee KS and Lee JJ: Furanoligularenone, an eremophilane from Ligularia fischeri, inhibits the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 in macrophage RAW2647 cells. Planta Med. 68:101–105. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Lee KH and Choi EM: Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Ligularia fischeri leaves in experimental animals. J Ethnopharmacol. 120:103–107. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Choi EM: Ligularia fischeri leaf extract prevents the oxidative stress in DBA/1J mice with type II collagen-induced arthritis. J Appl Toxicol. 27:176–182. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Shang YF, Kim SM, Song DG, Pan CH, Lee WJ and Um BH: Isolation and identification of antioxidant compounds from Ligularia fischeri. J Food Sci. 75:C530–C535. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Choi J, Park JK, Lee KT, Park KK, Kim WB, Lee JH, Jung HJ and Park HJ: In vivo antihepatotoxic effects of Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis and the identification of the active component, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid. J Med Food. 8:348–352. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Cha KH, Song DG, Kim SM and Pan CH: Inhibition of gastrointestinal lipolysis by green tea, coffee, and gomchui (Ligularia fischeri) tea polyphenols during simulated digestion. J Agric Food Chem. 60:7152–7157. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Jeong SH, Koo SJ, Choi JH, Park JH, Ha J, Park HJ and Lee KT: Intermedeol isolated from the leaves of Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis induces the differentiation of human acute promyeocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Planta Med. 68:881–885. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Xie WD, Li X, Weng CW, Liu SS and Row KH: Fischerisin A and B, cytotoxic sesquiterpenoid-geranylhydroquinones from Ligularia fischeri. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 59:511–514. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Cho YR, Kim JK, Kim J, Oh J and Seo DW: Ligularia fischeri regulates lung cancer cell proliferation and migration through down-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor and integrin β1 expression. Genes Genom. 35:741–746. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Lee HN, Kim JK, Kim JH, Lee SJ, Ahn EK, Oh JS and Seo DW: A mechanistic study on the anti-cancer activity of ethyl caffeate in human ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells. Chem Biol Interact. 219:151–158. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Kim HJ, Cho YR, Kim SH and Seo DW: TIMP-2-derived 18-mer peptide inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and migration through cAMP/PKA-dependent mechanism. Cancer Lett. 343:210–216. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Kim HJ, Ko HY, Choi SW and Seo DW: Anti-angiogenic effects of Siegesbeckia glabrescens are mediated by suppression of the Akt and p70S6K-dependent signaling pathways. Oncol Rep. 33:699–704. 2015.

36 

Cho YR, Choi SW and Seo DW: The in vitro antitumor activity of Siegesbeckia glabrescens against ovarian cancer through suppression of receptor tyrosine kinase expression and the signaling pathways. Oncol Rep. 30:221–226. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

37 

Lee HN, Joo JH, Oh JS, Choi SW and Seo DW: Regulatory effects of Siegesbeckia glabrescens on non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Am J Chin Med. 42:453–463. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Yoon HJ, Cho YR, Joo JH and Seo DW: Knockdown of integrin α3β1 expression induces proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Oncol Rep. 29:662–668. 2013.

39 

Cho YR, Kim JH, Kim JK, Ahn EK, Ko HJ, In JK, Lee SJ, Bae GU, Kim YK, Oh JS, et al: Broussonetia kazinoki modulates the expression of VEGFR-2 and MMP-2 through the inhibition of ERK, Akt and p70S6K-dependent signaling pathways: its implication in endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tubular formation. Oncol Rep. 32:1531–1536. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

40 

Lemmon MA and Schlessinger J: Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases. Cell. 141:1117–1134. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Kim JH, Kim H, Kim J, Ahn E, Ko H, Cho Y, Lee S, Bae G, Kim YK, Park JW, Park JW, et al: Ligularia fischeri inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation through the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways and regulation of vascular endothelial cadherin distribution and matrix metalloproteinase expression. Oncol Rep 34: 221-226, 2015.
APA
Kim, J.H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Ahn, E., Ko, H., Cho, Y. ... Seo, D. (2015). Ligularia fischeri inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation through the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways and regulation of vascular endothelial cadherin distribution and matrix metalloproteinase expression. Oncology Reports, 34, 221-226. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4000
MLA
Kim, J. H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Ahn, E., Ko, H., Cho, Y., Lee, S., Bae, G., Kim, Y. K., Park, J. W., Oh, J. S., Seo, D."Ligularia fischeri inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation through the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways and regulation of vascular endothelial cadherin distribution and matrix metalloproteinase expression". Oncology Reports 34.1 (2015): 221-226.
Chicago
Kim, J. H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Ahn, E., Ko, H., Cho, Y., Lee, S., Bae, G., Kim, Y. K., Park, J. W., Oh, J. S., Seo, D."Ligularia fischeri inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation through the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways and regulation of vascular endothelial cadherin distribution and matrix metalloproteinase expression". Oncology Reports 34, no. 1 (2015): 221-226. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4000
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Kim JH, Kim H, Kim J, Ahn E, Ko H, Cho Y, Lee S, Bae G, Kim YK, Park JW, Park JW, et al: Ligularia fischeri inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation through the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways and regulation of vascular endothelial cadherin distribution and matrix metalloproteinase expression. Oncol Rep 34: 221-226, 2015.
APA
Kim, J.H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Ahn, E., Ko, H., Cho, Y. ... Seo, D. (2015). Ligularia fischeri inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation through the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways and regulation of vascular endothelial cadherin distribution and matrix metalloproteinase expression. Oncology Reports, 34, 221-226. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4000
MLA
Kim, J. H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Ahn, E., Ko, H., Cho, Y., Lee, S., Bae, G., Kim, Y. K., Park, J. W., Oh, J. S., Seo, D."Ligularia fischeri inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation through the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways and regulation of vascular endothelial cadherin distribution and matrix metalloproteinase expression". Oncology Reports 34.1 (2015): 221-226.
Chicago
Kim, J. H., Kim, H., Kim, J., Ahn, E., Ko, H., Cho, Y., Lee, S., Bae, G., Kim, Y. K., Park, J. W., Oh, J. S., Seo, D."Ligularia fischeri inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation through the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways and regulation of vascular endothelial cadherin distribution and matrix metalloproteinase expression". Oncology Reports 34, no. 1 (2015): 221-226. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4000
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team