MDM2 gene amplification in esophageal carcinoma

Michalk,Maike; Meinrath,Jeannine; Künstlinger,Helen; Koitzsch,Ulrike; Drebber,Uta; Merkelbach‑Bruse,Sabine; Bollschweiler,Elfriede; Kloth,Michael; Hartmann,Wolfgang; Hölscher,Arnulf; Quaas,Alexander; Grimminger,Peter P.; Odenthal,Margarete

doi:10.3892/or.2016.4578

MDM2 gene amplification in esophageal carcinoma

Authors:
- Maike Michalk
- Jeannine Meinrath
- Helen Künstlinger
- Ulrike Koitzsch
- Uta Drebber
- Sabine Merkelbach‑Bruse
- Elfriede Bollschweiler
- Michael Kloth
- Wolfgang Hartmann
- Arnulf Hölscher
- Alexander Quaas
- Peter P. Grimminger
- Margarete Odenthal
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Affiliations: Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50924, Germany, Clinic for Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50924, Germany
Published online on: January 20, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2016.4578
Pages: 2223-2227

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Abstract

Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignancies diagnosed in the Western world with an increasing incidence noted for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Despite improvements in staging, surgical procedures and postoperative treatments, the overall survival of patients with EC remains low. Murine double minute‑2 (MDM2) acts as an oncogene by inducing the degradation of the tumor‑suppressor protein TP53. In order to evaluate the MDM2 gene amplification status in EAC and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we established a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay, screening a total of 127 esophageal carcinoma cases for MDM2 amplification. Esophageal carcinoma cases with enhanced MDM2 gene copy numbers were further analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and MDM2 immunostaining. Among a total of 23 specimens (18%), identified by qPCR to possess elevated MDM2 gene copy numbers, one third (6.3%) showed a cluster‑like fluorescence pattern by FISH analyses and marked MDM2 protein immunostaining. MDM2 gene amplifications did not correlate with the occurrence of TP53 mutations. Due to the high therapeutic relevance of MDM2 overexpression, but the high cost of FISH, we suggest a primary screening of MDM2 copy number variations by qPCR, followed by detailed FISH analysis of the identified ECs.

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