Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
August-2016 Volume 36 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August-2016 Volume 36 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Grape seed proanthocyanidins induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells

  • Authors:
    • Kai Yao
    • Jingjing Shao
    • Keyuan Zhou
    • Haitao Qiu
    • Fengxiang Cao
    • Caihong Li
    • De Dai
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Otolaryngology of The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, P.R. China
  • Pages: 771-778
    |
    Published online on: June 3, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2016.4855
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Although modern radiotherapy offers excellent local control in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), current therapeutic decisions remain burdensome due to the frequency of local recurrence and treatment failure at distant sites. One potential and promising strategy for the prevention or treatment of cancers is the use of bioactive components of plant origin, including dietary plant products. Herein, we studied one class of these bioactive compounds, grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs), and explored their effect on NPC CNE-2 cells, as well as the primary mechanism underlying this effect. Our results revealed that treatment of human NPC CNE-2 cells with GSPs reduced cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and moreover, markedly induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, leading to induction of apoptosis. In addition, we found that the underlying mechanism was associated with increased expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, upregulation of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PRAP) protein, and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) (Δψm). Furthermore, GSPs upregulated the Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3)-only proteins, Bim and Bad, in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these data supported our hypothesis that, in human NPC CNE-2 cells, GSPs could induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway and ultimately reduce cell viability. Collectively, the results discussed above provide substantive evidence for the potential of GSPs as an effective bioactive phytochemical for the treatment of NPC.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Chua ML, Wee JT, Hui EP and Chan AT: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Lancet. 387:1012–1024. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Lee AW, Sze WM, Au JS, Leung SF, Leung TW, Chua DT, Zee BC, Law SC, Teo PM, Tung SY, et al: Treatment results for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the modern era: The Hong Kong experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 61:1107–1116. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Lee AW, Ng WT, Chan LL, Hung WM, Chan CC, Sze HC, Chan OS, Chang AT and Yeung RM: Evolution of treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer - success and setback in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy era. Radiother Oncol. 110:377–384. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Lin S, Pan J, Han L, Guo Q, Hu C, Zong J, Zhang X and Lu JJ: Update report of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with reduced-volume intensity-modulated radiation therapy and hypothesis of the optimal margin. Radiother Oncol. 110:385–389. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Yi J, Huang X, Gao L, Luo J, Zhang S, Wang K, Qu Y, Xiao J and Xu G: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Radiat Oncol. 9:562014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Zheng Y, Han F, Xiao W, Xiang Y, Lu L, Deng X, Cui N and Zhao C: Analysis of late toxicity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy. Radiat Oncol. 10:172015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Wei Z, Xie Y, Xu J, Luo Y, Chen F, Yang Y, Huang Q, Tang A and Huang G: Radiation-induced sarcoma of head and neck: 50 years of experience at a single institution in an endemic area of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China. Med Oncol. 29:670–676. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Strasser A, Cory S and Adams JM: Deciphering the rules of programmed cell death to improve therapy of cancer and other diseases. EMBO J. 30:3667–3683. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Lopez J and Tait SW: Mitochondrial apoptosis: Killing cancer using the enemy within. Br J Cancer. 112:957–962. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Westphal D, Dewson G, Czabotar PE and Kluck RM: Molecular biology of Bax and Bak activation and action. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1813:521–531. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Hockenbery D, Nuñez G, Milliman C, Schreiber RD and Korsmeyer SJ: Bcl-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death. Nature. 348:334–336. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Kurahashi N, Inoue M, Iwasaki M, Tanaka Y, Mizokami M and Tsugane S; JPHC Study Group: Vegetable, fruit and antioxidant nutrient consumption and subsequent risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective cohort study in Japan. Br J Cancer. 100:181–184. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Katiyar SK and Athar M: Grape seeds: Ripe for cancer chemo-prevention. Cancer Prev Res. 6:617–621. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Prasad R, Vaid M and Katiyar SK: Grape proanthocyanidin inhibit pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo through induction of apoptosis and by targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway. PLoS One. 7:e430642012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Derry MM, Raina K, Balaiya V, Jain AK, Shrotriya S, Huber KM, Serkova NJ, Agarwal R and Agarwal C: Grape seed extract efficacy against azoxymethane-induced colon tumorigenesis in A/J mice: Interlinking miRNA with cytokine signaling and inflammation. Cancer Prev Res. 6:625–633. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Chen Q, Liu XF and Zheng PS: Grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) inhibit the growth of cervical cancer by inducing apoptosis mediated by the mitochondrial pathway. PLoS One. 9:e1070452014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Singh T, Sharma SD and Katiyar SK: Grape proanthocyanidins induce apoptosis by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential of human non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One. 6:e274442011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Nandakumar V, Singh T and Katiyar SK: Multi-targeted prevention and therapy of cancer by proanthocyanidins. Cancer Lett. 269:378–387. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Dhanalakshmi S, Agarwal R and Agarwal C: Inhibition of NF-kappaB pathway in grape seed extract-induced apoptotic death of human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells. Int J Oncol. 23:721–727. 2003.PubMed/NCBI

20 

Sharma SD, Meeran SM and Katiyar SK: Dietary grape seed proanthocyanidins inhibit UVB-induced oxidative stress and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-kappaB signaling in in vivo SKH-1 hairless mice. Mol Cancer Ther. 6:995–1005. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Kelly GL and Strasser A: The essential role of evasion from cell death in cancer. Adv Cancer Res. 111:39–96. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Ku B, Liang C, Jung JU and Oh BH: Evidence that inhibition of BAX activation by BCL-2 involves its tight and preferential interaction with the BH3 domain of BAX. Cell Res. 21:627–641. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Park D and Dilda PJ: Mitochondria as targets in angiogenesis inhibition. Mol Aspects Med. 31:113–131. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yao K, Shao J, Zhou K, Qiu H, Cao F, Li C and Dai D: Grape seed proanthocyanidins induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells. Oncol Rep 36: 771-778, 2016.
APA
Yao, K., Shao, J., Zhou, K., Qiu, H., Cao, F., Li, C., & Dai, D. (2016). Grape seed proanthocyanidins induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells. Oncology Reports, 36, 771-778. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2016.4855
MLA
Yao, K., Shao, J., Zhou, K., Qiu, H., Cao, F., Li, C., Dai, D."Grape seed proanthocyanidins induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells". Oncology Reports 36.2 (2016): 771-778.
Chicago
Yao, K., Shao, J., Zhou, K., Qiu, H., Cao, F., Li, C., Dai, D."Grape seed proanthocyanidins induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells". Oncology Reports 36, no. 2 (2016): 771-778. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2016.4855
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yao K, Shao J, Zhou K, Qiu H, Cao F, Li C and Dai D: Grape seed proanthocyanidins induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells. Oncol Rep 36: 771-778, 2016.
APA
Yao, K., Shao, J., Zhou, K., Qiu, H., Cao, F., Li, C., & Dai, D. (2016). Grape seed proanthocyanidins induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells. Oncology Reports, 36, 771-778. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2016.4855
MLA
Yao, K., Shao, J., Zhou, K., Qiu, H., Cao, F., Li, C., Dai, D."Grape seed proanthocyanidins induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells". Oncology Reports 36.2 (2016): 771-778.
Chicago
Yao, K., Shao, J., Zhou, K., Qiu, H., Cao, F., Li, C., Dai, D."Grape seed proanthocyanidins induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells". Oncology Reports 36, no. 2 (2016): 771-778. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2016.4855
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team