Evaluation of expression of cancer stem cell markers and fusion gene in synovial sarcoma: Insights into histogenesis and pathogenesis

Zhou,Yang; Chen,Dongdong; Qi,Yan; Liu,Ruixue; Li,Shugang; Zou,Hong; Lan,Jiaojiao; Ju,Xinxin; Jiang,Jinfang; Liang,Weihua; Shen,Yaoyuan; Pang,Lijuan; Li,Feng

doi:10.3892/or.2017.5617

Evaluation of expression of cancer stem cell markers and fusion gene in synovial sarcoma: Insights into histogenesis and pathogenesis

Authors:
- Yang Zhou
- Dongdong Chen
- Yan Qi
- Ruixue Liu
- Shugang Li
- Hong Zou
- Jiaojiao Lan
- Xinxin Ju
- Jinfang Jiang
- Weihua Liang
- Yaoyuan Shen
- Lijuan Pang
- Feng Li
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Affiliations: Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine; Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China, Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
Published online on: May 2, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.5617
Pages: 3351-3360

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Abstract

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is an aggressive soft tissue tumor, with uncertain histological and cellular origin. SYT-SSX is considered to be responsible for sarcoma initiation and progression. The histogenesis and pathogenesis of this tumor are poorly understood, and prognosis of patients of SS is unsatisfactory. Recent studies have shown an association of cancer stem cells with the initiation and development of tumors. We explored immunohistochemical expression level of stem cell associated markers to determine the possible histogenesis and pathogenesis of SS. Fusion gene SYT-SSX was tested to assess diagnostic value and the molecular pathological features. We obtained the clinicopathological data of 20 SS patients, immunohistochemical staining were used to evaluate stem cell-associated markers included CD133, CD29, CD44, nestin, and ALDH1. Fusion gene SYT-SSX was tested by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Twenty SS cases were observed and the positive immunoexpression results showed CD133 (17/20), CD29 (11/20), CD44 (11/20), nestin (6/20), and ALDH1 (5/20). Fusion gene SYT-SSX was successfully detected by RT-PCR from 18 available samples. The expression of stem cell-associated markers (CD133, CD29, CD44, Nestin, and ALDH1) and clinical data (age, gender, sites, tumor size, histological type, tumor stage, and distant metastases) did not show statistically significant relationship (P>0.05), whereas, statistically significance between ALDH1 and metastases was observed (P<0.01). The ALDH1 positive synovial sarcoma (ALDH1+ SS) cases had significantly poor prognosis compared to ALDH1 negative synovial sarcoma (ALDH1- SS) cases (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical results indicated different expression levels of the five cancer stem cell markers in SS suggesting that SS may arise from cancer stem cells. Fusion gene SYT-SSX may play a critical role in the molecular pathological of SS.

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