LHX3 is an early stage and radiosensitivity prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma

Lin,Xin; Li,Yan; Wang,Jin; Han,Fei; Lu,Shuang; Wang,Yu; Luo,Wenjian; Zhang,Mingqian

doi:10.3892/or.2017.5833

LHX3 is an early stage and radiosensitivity prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma

Authors:
- Xin Lin
- Yan Li
- Jin Wang
- Fei Han
- Shuang Lu
- Yu Wang
- Wenjian Luo
- Mingqian Zhang
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Affiliations: Department of Emergency, Yan'an Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China, Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China, Department of Gerontology, Yan'an Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China
Published online on: July 18, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.5833
Pages: 1482-1490
Copyright: © Lin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. We previously identified LHX3 as a new preferentially expressed gene in NSCLC. In the present study, we sought to determine its expression, the clinical relevance and the functional roles in NSCLC. LHX3 expression is sharply increased in carcinoma tissues compared to non-carcinoma tissues. Relational analysis reveals a significant association between LHX3 expression and clinical stage (n=172, p=0.032) or radiotherapy (n=167, p=0.022) of patients. LHX3 expression is much higher in the patients at advanced stages (stage III-IV) than in the patients at early stages (stage I-II, p=0.0304), and LHX3 expression is remarkably increased in the patients with radiotherapy treatment (p=0.0002). Survival analyses indicate that LHX3 is associated with unfavorable survival (n=180, p=0.002) and represents an independent prognostic factor [hazard ratio (HR)=1.834, p=0.004] of the NSCLC patients. Furthermore, LHX3 is associated with unfavorable overall survival (n=866, p=0.004) and represents an independent prognostic factor (HR=2.36, p=0.000) in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) patients, but is not associated with overall survival of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients (n=524, p=0.27). Further analyses found that LHX3 is an early-stage (n=94, p=0.003) and radiosensitivity (n=45, p=0.002) prognostic factor in ADC patients. The patients without radiotherapy have a significantly prolonged survival compared to those with radiotherapy (p=0.0069). Further functional studies show that forced expression of LHX3 in lung cancer cells obviously promotes cell proliferation and invasion, whereas inhibits cell apoptosis. In summary, LHX3 is an early-stage and radiosensitivity prognostic biomarker, and a novel potential oncogene in ADC.

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