DNA methylation and histone modifications as epigenetic regulation in prostate cancer (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Maria Nowacka-Zawisza
    • Ewelina Wiśnik
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: September 20, 2017     https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.5972
  • Pages: 2587-2596
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Abstract

Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in Poland after lung cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality after lung and colon cancer. The etiology of most cases of prostate cancer are not fully known, and therefore it is essential to search for the molecular basis of prostate cancer and markers for the early diagnosis of this type of cancer. Epigenetics deals with changes in gene expression that are not determined by changes in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic changes refer to changes in the structure of DNA, which are the result of DNA modification after replication and/or post-translational modification of proteins associated with DNA. In contrast to mutations, epigenetic changes are reversible and occur very rapidly. The major epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, modification of histone proteins, chemical modification and chromatin remodeling changes in gene expression caused by microRNAs (miRNAs). Epigenetic changes play an important role in malignant transformation and can be specific to types of cancers including prostate cancer.
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November-2017
Volume 38 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1021-335X
Online ISSN:1791-2431

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Spandidos Publications style
Nowacka-Zawisza M and Nowacka-Zawisza M: DNA methylation and histone modifications as epigenetic regulation in prostate cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 38: 2587-2596, 2017
APA
Nowacka-Zawisza, M., & Nowacka-Zawisza, M. (2017). DNA methylation and histone modifications as epigenetic regulation in prostate cancer (Review). Oncology Reports, 38, 2587-2596. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.5972
MLA
Nowacka-Zawisza, M., Wiśnik, E."DNA methylation and histone modifications as epigenetic regulation in prostate cancer (Review)". Oncology Reports 38.5 (2017): 2587-2596.
Chicago
Nowacka-Zawisza, M., Wiśnik, E."DNA methylation and histone modifications as epigenetic regulation in prostate cancer (Review)". Oncology Reports 38, no. 5 (2017): 2587-2596. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.5972