Open Access

Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals that the expression of cathepsin S is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer

  • Authors:
    • Juan Tan
    • Xiaoxiao Qian
    • Bin Song
    • Xiumin An
    • Tingting Cai
    • Zhihua Zuo
    • Dafa Ding
    • Yibing Lu
    • Hong Li
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: May 8, 2018     https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6428
  • Pages: 111-122
  • Copyright: © Tan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The prognosis of the majority of patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is excellent, although there are patients who experience disease recurrence and progression. The aim of the present study was to identify potential prognostic risk markers in PTC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), identified from four Genome Expression Omnibus cohorts were subjected to functional enrichment analyses with Gene Ontology terms and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathways. Hub genes, filtered from cytoHubba, were validated using the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, and their associations with clinicopathological features and prognosis were analyzed. A total of 277 DEGs were identified following data preprocessing. DEGs were primarily enriched in ‘small cell lung cancer’, ‘ECM-receptor interaction’, ‘pathways in cancer’and ‘tyrosine metabolism’. Hub genes [APOE, cathepsin S (CTSS), insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), KIT, LGALS3, RUNX2 and TGFBR1] were extracted from cytoHubba. Their expression in the TCGA cohort was consistent with that in the GEO cohorts. CTSS (P=0.006) and IRS1 (P=0.005) were associated with disease‑free survival, as determined using the Kaplan-Meier analysis. CTSS was an independent risk factor for poor disease‑free survival (HR, 2.649; 95% CI, 1.095-6.409; P=0.031). Patients with high expression of CTSS exhibited different histological types (increased tall-cell subtype and reduced follicular subtype; P<0.001), more frequent lymph node metastasis (P<0.001) and advanced tumor-node-metastasis stages (P=0.049) compared with the low-expression group. High expression of CTSS was independently associated with lymph node metastasis (OR, 2.015; 95% CI, 1.225-3.315; P=0.006). Therefore, CTSS may serve as a predictive risk marker for the progression and prognosis of PTC.
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July-2018
Volume 40 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1021-335X
Online ISSN:1791-2431

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Tan J, Qian X, Song B, An X, Cai T, Zuo Z, Ding D, Lu Y and Li H: Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals that the expression of cathepsin S is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer. Oncol Rep 40: 111-122, 2018
APA
Tan, J., Qian, X., Song, B., An, X., Cai, T., Zuo, Z. ... Li, H. (2018). Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals that the expression of cathepsin S is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer. Oncology Reports, 40, 111-122. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6428
MLA
Tan, J., Qian, X., Song, B., An, X., Cai, T., Zuo, Z., Ding, D., Lu, Y., Li, H."Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals that the expression of cathepsin S is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer". Oncology Reports 40.1 (2018): 111-122.
Chicago
Tan, J., Qian, X., Song, B., An, X., Cai, T., Zuo, Z., Ding, D., Lu, Y., Li, H."Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals that the expression of cathepsin S is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer". Oncology Reports 40, no. 1 (2018): 111-122. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6428