γ-tocotrienol inhibits the invasion and migration of human gastric cancer cells through downregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression

Zhang,Ya Hui; Ma,Ke; Liu,Jia Ren; Wang,Hai Xia; Tian,Wen Xia; Tu,Yue Hua; Sun,Wen Guang

doi:10.3892/or.2018.6497

γ-tocotrienol inhibits the invasion and migration of human gastric cancer cells through downregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression

Authors:
- Ya Hui Zhang
- Ke Ma
- Jia Ren Liu
- Hai Xia Wang
- Wen Xia Tian
- Yue Hua Tu
- Wen Guang Sun
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Affiliations: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China, Department of Emergency, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Affiliated Fourth People's Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
Published online on: June 14, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6497
Pages: 999-1007

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Abstract

γ-tocotrienol (γ-T3), a tocotrienol isoform belonging to the vitamin E family, has been revealed to exert inhibitory effects on proliferation, migration and invasion in human gastric cancer cells. However, its precise mechanism of action is still unclear and needs to be further tested. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is well known for its key role in promoting the migration and invasion abilities of human gastric cancer cells. In light of these data, our study aimed to validate whether the inhibitory actions of γ-T3 could be achieved by downregulation of COX-2 activity in vitro. In the present study, a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to observe proliferation in human gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901 and MGC-803 cells), and wound healing and Transwell chamber assays were performed to detect migration and invasion. Western blot analyses were performed to analyse the relative expression of COX-2, matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) proteins, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to determine the exocrine roles of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The results revealed that γ-T3 exerted significant inhibitory effects on proliferation, migration, invasion and COX-2 protein expression, as well as on exocrine functions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in SGC-7901 and MGC-803 cells. Therefore, our results indicated that γ-T3 exerts inhibitory effects on migration and invasion, which may be mediated through downregulation of COX-2 expression in SGC-7901 and MGC-803 cells.

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