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Article Open Access

Apoptosis induced by ursodeoxycholic acid in human melanoma cells through the mitochondrial pathway

  • Authors:
    • Huan Yu
    • Qi‑Rui Fu
    • Zhi‑Jie Huang
    • Jia‑Yu Lin
    • Qing‑Xi Chen
    • Qin Wang
    • Dong‑Yan Shen
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P.R. China, Department of Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Yu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 213-223
    |
    Published online on: October 29, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6828
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Abstract

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a type of hydrophilic bile acid extracted from animal bile with a wide range of biological functions. The present results demonstrated that UDCA could effectively inhibit the proliferation of two human melanoma cell line (M14 and A375) with time‑ and concentration‑dependence. Following exposure to various concentrations of UDCA, M14 cells exhibited typical morphological changes and weaker ability of colony forming. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that UDCA could induce a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in M14 cells. The cell cycle was arrested in the G2/M phase, which was confirmed by the decrease of cyclin‑dependent kinase 1 and cyclinB1 at the protein level. However, when M14 cells were treated with UDCA and Z‑VAD‑FMK (caspase inhibitor) synchronously, the apoptosis rate of the cells was reduced significantly. In addition, it was demonstrated that UDCA induced apoptosis of human melanoma M14 cells through the ROS‑triggered mitochondrial‑associated pathway, which was indicated by the increased expression of cleaved‑caspase‑3, cleaved‑caspase‑9, apoptotic protease activating factor‑1, cleaved‑poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase 1 and the elevation of B cell lymphoma‑2 (Bcl‑2) associated X protein/Bcl‑2 ratio associated with apoptosis. Therefore, UDCA may be a potential drug for the treatment of human melanoma.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yu H, Fu QR, Huang ZJ, Lin JY, Chen QX, Wang Q and Shen DY: Apoptosis induced by ursodeoxycholic acid in human melanoma cells through the mitochondrial pathway. Oncol Rep 41: 213-223, 2019.
APA
Yu, H., Fu, Q., Huang, Z., Lin, J., Chen, Q., Wang, Q., & Shen, D. (2019). Apoptosis induced by ursodeoxycholic acid in human melanoma cells through the mitochondrial pathway. Oncology Reports, 41, 213-223. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6828
MLA
Yu, H., Fu, Q., Huang, Z., Lin, J., Chen, Q., Wang, Q., Shen, D."Apoptosis induced by ursodeoxycholic acid in human melanoma cells through the mitochondrial pathway". Oncology Reports 41.1 (2019): 213-223.
Chicago
Yu, H., Fu, Q., Huang, Z., Lin, J., Chen, Q., Wang, Q., Shen, D."Apoptosis induced by ursodeoxycholic acid in human melanoma cells through the mitochondrial pathway". Oncology Reports 41, no. 1 (2019): 213-223. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6828
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yu H, Fu QR, Huang ZJ, Lin JY, Chen QX, Wang Q and Shen DY: Apoptosis induced by ursodeoxycholic acid in human melanoma cells through the mitochondrial pathway. Oncol Rep 41: 213-223, 2019.
APA
Yu, H., Fu, Q., Huang, Z., Lin, J., Chen, Q., Wang, Q., & Shen, D. (2019). Apoptosis induced by ursodeoxycholic acid in human melanoma cells through the mitochondrial pathway. Oncology Reports, 41, 213-223. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6828
MLA
Yu, H., Fu, Q., Huang, Z., Lin, J., Chen, Q., Wang, Q., Shen, D."Apoptosis induced by ursodeoxycholic acid in human melanoma cells through the mitochondrial pathway". Oncology Reports 41.1 (2019): 213-223.
Chicago
Yu, H., Fu, Q., Huang, Z., Lin, J., Chen, Q., Wang, Q., Shen, D."Apoptosis induced by ursodeoxycholic acid in human melanoma cells through the mitochondrial pathway". Oncology Reports 41, no. 1 (2019): 213-223. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6828
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