Cyclovirobuxine D inhibits cell proliferation and migration and induces apoptosis in human glioblastoma multiforme and low‑grade glioma

Zhou,Lingqi; Tang,Hai; Wang,Fang; Ou,Shanshan; Wu,Tong; Fang,Yinchao; Xu,Jie; Guo,Kaihua

doi:10.3892/or.2020.7459

Cyclovirobuxine D inhibits cell proliferation and migration and induces apoptosis in human glioblastoma multiforme and low‑grade glioma

Authors:
- Lingqi Zhou
- Hai Tang
- Fang Wang
- Shanshan Ou
- Tong Wu
- Yinchao Fang
- Jie Xu
- Kaihua Guo
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Affiliations: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China, Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medical College, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, P.R. China, Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
Published online on: January 13, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2020.7459
Pages: 807-816
Copyright : © Zhou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].

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Abstract

Gliomas are the most common neoplasm of the human central nervous system. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most serious types of gliomas. Although considerable progress has been made in the development of cancer therapeutic agents, several antineoplastic drugs fail to penetrate the blood‑brain barrier (BBB), resulting in a low survival rate of glioma patients. Recent studies have revealed that the traditional Chinese medicine Buxus microphylla contains the main active component Cyclovirobuxine D (CVB‑D), which can cross the BBB with a novel delivery system. However, it remains unclear whether CVB‑D exerts anticancer effects against GBM and low‑grade glioma (LGG). The aim of the present study was to explore the feasibility of CVB‑D as a new effective agent in the treatment of GBM and LGG. The ability of CVB‑D to inhibit GBM and LGG cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction by Annexin V‑FITC/PI assay. The expression levels of the apoptosis‑associated proteins, namely cleaved caspase‑3 and Bax/Bcl‑2, were detected by western blot analysis. The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was detected by Rh123 dyed fluorescence micrograph. Hoechst staining was used to observe the morphological characteristics of the apoptotic cells. The scratch test was used to evaluate the migration of GBM and LGG cells. The results indicated that CVB‑D reduced cell viability of T98G and Hs683 cells. Flow cytometry demonstrated that CVB‑D‑treated cells were arrested at the S phase of their cell cycle. The expression levels of the apoptosis‑associated proteins were increased in CVB‑D‑treated cells. Rh123 and Hoechst staining indicated morphological changes and mitochondrial membrane potential changes of the cells undergoing apoptosis. The data confirmed that CVB‑D inhibited cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle of GBM and LLG cells and that it promoted the induction of cell apoptosis by altering the mitochondrial membrane potential. The findings of the present study indicate the potential value of CVB‑D in the treatment of glioma.

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