Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
January-2021 Volume 45 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
January-2021 Volume 45 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data.pdf
Article

Utility of flow cytometry and gene rearrangement analysis in tissue and blood of patients with suspected cutaneous T‑cell lymphoma

  • Authors:
    • Julie D. Gibbs
    • Sophia Ma
    • Anna Kim
    • Lucia Seminario‑Vidal
    • Lubomir Sokol
    • Hailing Zhang
    • Xiaohui Zhang
    • Elizabeth Sagatys
    • Pei‑Ling Chen
    • Jane L. Messina
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Bay Pines VA Medical Center, St. Petersburg, FL 33744, USA, Sutter Health, San Ramon, CA 94583, USA, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA, Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA, Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA, Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
  • Pages: 349-358
    |
    Published online on: November 23, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2020.7865
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Cutaneous T‑cell lymphoma (CTCL) is difficult to diagnose at an early stage. Current diagnostic tools include clinical examination, histomorphologic analysis, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry of peripheral blood and/or lesional tissue, and evaluation of T‑cell receptor (TCR) clonality by gene rearrangement analysis (TCRGR). Advances in genomic sequencing, including high‑throughput sequencing (HTS), can be used to identify specific clones of rearranged TCR genes. Even with all of these tools, CTCL can take as long as a decade to definitively diagnose, potentially delaying treatment options and causing patient anxiety. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the various ancillary testing modalities used to diagnose early‑stage CTCL. In a subset of patients the performance of HTS was compared to flow cytometry and conventional TCRGR analysis via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fifty‑five patients, with a total of 68 skin biopsies and peripheral blood draws, were evaluated using flow cytometry, PCR‑TCRGR, and HTS‑TCRGR to determine the sensitivity and specificity of each ancillary test. In tissue biopsies, flow cytometry (64%), PCR (71%) and HTS (69%) shared similar sensitivities; flow cytometry had the highest specificity (93%), followed by HTS (86%) and PCR (76.9%). However, flow cytometry and PCR had insufficient DNA quantities in 29 and 15% of the specimens, respectively. Peripheral blood testing was less sensitive than tissue testing (flow cytometry 14%, PCR 41%, HTS 33%); in peripheral blood, HTS was the most specific test (flow cytometry, 70%; PCR, 62.5%; and HTS, 100%). HTS is a highly specific molecular test for identifying CTCL in peripheral blood and skin biopsy specimens; however, our findings suggest a need for a continued search for more sensitive tests for early‑stage CTCL.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

View References

1 

Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H and Thiele J: World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissue. IARC Press; Lyon: 2008

2 

Cerroni L: Lymphoproliferative lesions of the skin. J Clin Pathol. 59:813–826. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Willemze R and Meijer CJ: Classification of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: From Alibert to WHO-EORTC. J Cutan Pathol. 33 (Suppl 1):18–26. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Olsen EA: Evaluation, diagnosis, and staging of cutaneous lymphoma. Dermatol Clin. 33:643–654. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Algara P, Soria C, Martinez P, Sanchez L, Villuendas R, Garcia P, Lopez C, Orradre JL and Piris MA: Value of PCR detection of TCR gamma gene rearrangement in the diagnosis of cutaneous lymphocytic infiltrates. Diagn Mol Pathol. 3:275–282. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Galper SL, Smith BD and Wilson LD: Wilson, Diagnosis and management of mycosis fungoides. Oncology (Williston Park). 24:491–501. 2010.

7 

Willemze R, Jaffe ES, Burg G, Cerroni L, Berti E, Swerdlow SH, Ralfkiaer E, Chimenti S, Diaz-Perez JL, Duncan LM, et al: WHO-EORTC classification for cutaneous lymphomas. Blood. 105:3768–3785. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Cerroni L: Mycosis fungoides-clinical and histopathologic features, differential diagnosis, and treatment. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 37:2–10. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Jawed SI, Myskowski PL, Horwitz S, Moskowitz A and Querfeld C: Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome): Part I. Diagnosis: Clinical and histopathologic features and new molecular and biologic markers. J Am Acad Dermatol. 70:205.e1–16; quiz 221-222. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Kempf W and Mitteldorf C: Mitteldorf, pathologic diagnosis of cutaneous lymphomas. Dermatol Clin. 33:655–681. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Hodak E and Amitay-Laish I: Amitay-Laish, Mycosis fungoides: A great imitator. Clin Dermatol. 37:255–267. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Campbell SM, Peters SB, Zirwas MJ and Wong HK: Immunophenotypic diagnosis of primary cutaneous lymphomas: A review for the practicing dermatologist. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 3:21–25. 2010.

13 

Ashton-Key M, Diss TC, Du MQ, Kirkham N, Wotherspoon A and Isaacson PG: The value of the polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of cutaneous T-cell infiltrates. Am J Surg Pathol. 21:743–747. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Alaibac M, Pigozzi B, Belloni-Fortina A, Michelotto A, Saponeri A and Peserico A: CD7 expression in reactive and malignant human skin T-lymphocytes. Anticancer Res. 23:2707–2710. 2003.

15 

Moll M, Reinhold U, Kukel S, Abken H, Müller R, Oltermann I and Kreysel HW: CD7-negative helper T cells accumulate in inflammatory skin lesions. J Invest Dermatol. 102:328–332. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Lu C, Zhang J, Nagahawatte P, Easton J, Lee S, Liu Z, Ding L, Wyczalkowski MA, Valentine M, Navid F, et al: The genomic landscape of childhood and adolescent melanoma. J Invest Dermatol. 135:816–823. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Skov AG and Gniadecki R: Gniadecki, Delay in the histopathologic diagnosis of mycosis fungoides. Acta Derm Venereol. 95:472–475. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

18 

van Doorn R, Van Haselen CW, van Voorst Vader PC, Geerts ML, Heule F, de Rie M, Steijlen PM, Dekker SK, van Vloten WA and Willemze R: Mycosis fungoides: Disease evolution and prognosis of 309 Dutch patients. Arch Dermatol. 136:504–510. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Kirsch IR, Watanabe R, O'Malley JT, Williamson DW, Scott LL, Elco CP, Teague JE, Gehad A, Lowry EL, LeBoeuf NR, et al: TCR sequencing facilitates diagnosis and identifies mature T cells as the cell of origin in CTCL. Sci Transl Med. 7:308ra1582015. View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Maitre E, Le-Page AL, Comoz F, Truquet F, Damaj G, Cornet E, Verneuil L, Salaün V and Troussard X: Usefulness of flow cytometry for the detection of cutaneous localization in malignant hematologic disorders. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 96:283–293. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Bawazir MA, Almohideb M, Walsh S, Shear NH and Alhusayen R: Early-stage mycosis fungoides screening investigations: A retrospective analysis of 440 cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 32:e217–e218. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Horna P, Kurant D, Sokol L, Sotomayor EM, Moscinski L and Glass LF: Flow cytometric identification of immunophenotypically aberrant T-cell clusters on skin shave biopsy specimens from patients with mycosis fungoides. Am J Clin Pathol. 143:785–796. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Rea B, Haun P, Emerson R, Vignali M, Farooqi M, Samimi S, Elenitsas R, Kirsch I and Bagg A: Role of high-throughput sequencing in the diagnosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. J Clin Pathol. 71:814–820. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar

24 

de Masson A, O'Malley JT, Elco CP, Garcia SS, Divito SJ, Lowry EL, Tawa M, Fisher DC, Devlin PM and Teague JE: High-throughput sequencing of the T cell receptor β gene identifies aggressive early-stage mycosis fungoides. Sci Transl Med. 10:eaar58942018. View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Weng WK, Armstrong R, Arai S, Desmarais C, Hoppe R and Kim YH: Minimal residual disease monitoring with high-throughput sequencing of T cell receptors in cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Sci Transl Med. 5:214ra1712013. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Torres-Cabala CA: Diagnosis of T-cell lymphoid proliferations of the skin: Putting all the pieces together. Mod Pathol. 33 (Suppl 1):83–95. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Cocks M, Porcu P, Wick MR and Gru AA: Recent advances in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Diagnostic and prognostic considerations. Surg Pathol Clin. 12:783–803. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Liebmann RD, Anderson B, McCarthy KP and Chow JW: The polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of early mycosis fungoides. J Pathol. 182:282–287. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Theodorou I, Delfau-Larue MH, Bigorgne C, Lahet C, Cochet G, Bagot M, Wechsler J and Farcet JP: Cutaneous T-cell infiltrates: Analysis of T-cell receptor gamma gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Blood. 86:305–310. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Wood GS, Tung RM, Haeffner AC, Crooks CF, Liao S, Orozco R, Veelken H, Kadin ME, Koh H, Heald P, et al: Detection of clonal T-cell receptor gamma gene rearrangements in early mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome by polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR/DGGE). J Invest Dermatol. 103:34–41. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Zelenetz AD: Guidelines for NHL: Updates to the management of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and new guidelines for primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders and T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 12 (Suppl 5):797–800. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Liu WP, Song YQ, Zheng W, Wang XP, Ding N and Zhu J: Aggressive behavior and elevated lactate dehydrogenase at baseline confer inferior prognosis in patients with primary cutaneous lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 13:534–540. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Quereux G, Frot AS, Brocard A, Leux C, Renaut JJ and Dreno B: Routine bone marrow biopsy in the initial evaluation of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma does not appear justified. Eur J Dermatol. 19:216–220. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Gibbs JD, Ma S, Kim A, Seminario‑Vidal L, Sokol L, Zhang H, Zhang X, Sagatys E, Chen PL, Messina JL, Messina JL, et al: Utility of flow cytometry and gene rearrangement analysis in tissue and blood of patients with suspected cutaneous T‑cell lymphoma. Oncol Rep 45: 349-358, 2021.
APA
Gibbs, J.D., Ma, S., Kim, A., Seminario‑Vidal, L., Sokol, L., Zhang, H. ... Messina, J.L. (2021). Utility of flow cytometry and gene rearrangement analysis in tissue and blood of patients with suspected cutaneous T‑cell lymphoma. Oncology Reports, 45, 349-358. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2020.7865
MLA
Gibbs, J. D., Ma, S., Kim, A., Seminario‑Vidal, L., Sokol, L., Zhang, H., Zhang, X., Sagatys, E., Chen, P., Messina, J. L."Utility of flow cytometry and gene rearrangement analysis in tissue and blood of patients with suspected cutaneous T‑cell lymphoma". Oncology Reports 45.1 (2021): 349-358.
Chicago
Gibbs, J. D., Ma, S., Kim, A., Seminario‑Vidal, L., Sokol, L., Zhang, H., Zhang, X., Sagatys, E., Chen, P., Messina, J. L."Utility of flow cytometry and gene rearrangement analysis in tissue and blood of patients with suspected cutaneous T‑cell lymphoma". Oncology Reports 45, no. 1 (2021): 349-358. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2020.7865
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Gibbs JD, Ma S, Kim A, Seminario‑Vidal L, Sokol L, Zhang H, Zhang X, Sagatys E, Chen PL, Messina JL, Messina JL, et al: Utility of flow cytometry and gene rearrangement analysis in tissue and blood of patients with suspected cutaneous T‑cell lymphoma. Oncol Rep 45: 349-358, 2021.
APA
Gibbs, J.D., Ma, S., Kim, A., Seminario‑Vidal, L., Sokol, L., Zhang, H. ... Messina, J.L. (2021). Utility of flow cytometry and gene rearrangement analysis in tissue and blood of patients with suspected cutaneous T‑cell lymphoma. Oncology Reports, 45, 349-358. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2020.7865
MLA
Gibbs, J. D., Ma, S., Kim, A., Seminario‑Vidal, L., Sokol, L., Zhang, H., Zhang, X., Sagatys, E., Chen, P., Messina, J. L."Utility of flow cytometry and gene rearrangement analysis in tissue and blood of patients with suspected cutaneous T‑cell lymphoma". Oncology Reports 45.1 (2021): 349-358.
Chicago
Gibbs, J. D., Ma, S., Kim, A., Seminario‑Vidal, L., Sokol, L., Zhang, H., Zhang, X., Sagatys, E., Chen, P., Messina, J. L."Utility of flow cytometry and gene rearrangement analysis in tissue and blood of patients with suspected cutaneous T‑cell lymphoma". Oncology Reports 45, no. 1 (2021): 349-358. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2020.7865
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team