Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
August-2021 Volume 46 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August-2021 Volume 46 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review

Tumorigenic effect of TERT and its potential therapeutic target in NSCLC (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Liu Yang
    • Na Li
    • Meng Wang
    • Yan-Hua Zhang
    • Lu-Da Yan
    • Wen Zhou
    • Zhi-Qiong Yu
    • Xiao-Chun Peng
    • Jun Cai
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China, Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China
  • Article Number: 182
    |
    Published online on: July 6, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8133
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for ~85% of all lung cancer cases, is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a high patient mortality rate. Despite the increasing availability of treatment strategies, the prognosis of patients with NSCLC remains poor, with a low 5‑year survival rate. This poor prognosis may be associated with the tumor heterogeneity of NSCLC, as well as its acquisition and intrinsic resistance to therapeutic drugs. It has been suggested that combination therapy with telomerase inhibition may be an effective strategy for the treatment of drug‑sensitive and drug‑resistant types of cancer. Telomerase is the key enzyme for cell survival, and ~90% of human cancers maintain telomeres by activating telomerase, which is driven by the upregulation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). Several mechanisms of telomerase reactivation have been described in a variety of cancer types, including TERT promoter mutation, epigenetic modifications via a TERT promoter, TERT amplification, and TERT rearrangement. The aim of the present study was to comprehensively review telomerase activity and its association with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of NSCLC, as well as analyze the potential mechanism via which TERT activates telomerase and determine its potential clinical application in NSCLC. More importantly, current treatment strategies targeting TERT in NSCLC have been summarized with the aim to promote discovery of novel strategies for the future treatment of NSCLC.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA and Jemal A: Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 68:394–424. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Wang X, Yin H, Zhang L, Zheng D, Yang Y, Zhang J, Jiang H, Ling X, Xin Y, Liang H, et al: The construction and analysis of the aberrant lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Dis. 11:1772–1778. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Qiu M, Chen YB, Jin S, Fang XF, He XX, Xiong ZF and Yang SL: Research on circadian clock genes in non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Chronobiol Int. 36:739–750. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Yu XJ, Chen G, Yang J, Yu GC, Zhu PF, Jiang ZK, Feng K, Lu Y, Bao B and Zhong FM: Smoking alters the evolutionary trajectory of non-small cell lung cancer. Exp Ther Med. 18:3315–3324. 2019.PubMed/NCBI

5 

Nigro E, Imperlini E, Scudiero O, Monaco ML, Polito R, Mazzarella G, Orrù S, Bianco A and Daniele A: Differentially expressed and activated proteins associated with non small cell lung cancer tissues. Respir Res. 16:742015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Braicu C, Zimta AA, Harangus A, Iurca I, Irimie A, Coza O and Berindan-Neagoe I: The function of non-coding RNAs in lung cancer tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel). 11:6052019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Narsule CK, Sridhar P, Nair D, Gupta A, Oommen RG, Ebright MI, Litle VR and Fernando HC: Percutaneous thermal ablation for stage IA non-small cell lung cancer: Long-term follow-up. J Thorac Dis. 9:4039–4045. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Zhang Y, Shen WX, Zhou LN, Tang M, Tan Y, Feng CX, Li P, Wang LQ and Chen MB: The value of next-generation sequencing for treatment in non-small cell lung cancer patients: The observational, real-world evidence in China. Biomed Res Int. 2020:93871672020.PubMed/NCBI

9 

Yeh J, Marrone KA and Forde PM: Neoadjuvant and consolidation immuno-oncology therapy in stage III non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Dis. 10 (Suppl 3):S451–S459. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Tan WL, Jain A, Takano A, Newell EW, Iyer NG, Lim WT, Tan EH, Zhai W, Hillmer AM, Tam WL and Tan DSW: Novel therapeutic targets on the horizon for lung cancer. Lancet Oncol. 17:e347–e362. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Smith RA, Andrews KS, Brooks D, Fedewa SA, Manassaram-Baptiste D, Saslow D, Brawley OW and Wender RC: Cancer screening in the United States, 2017: A review of current American Cancer Society guidelines and current issues in cancer screening. CA Cancer J Clin. 67:100–121. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Dagogo-Jack I and Shaw AT: Crizotinib resistance: Implications for therapeutic strategies. Ann Oncol. 27 (Suppl 3):iii42–iii50. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Baird DM: Variation at the TERT locus and predisposition for cancer. Expert Rev Mol Med. 12:e162010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Meena J, Rudolph KL and Gunes C: Telomere dysfunction, chromosomal instability and cancer. Recent Results Cancer Res. 200:61–79. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Cheng D, Zhao Y, Zhang F, Zhang J, Wang S and Zhu J: Engineering a humanized telomerase reverse transcriptase gene in mouse embryonic stem cells. Sci Rep. 9:96832019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Inada E, Saitoh I, Kubota N, Iwase Y, Kiyokawa Y, Shibasaki S, Noguchi H, Yamasaki Y and Sato M: piggyBac transposon-based immortalization of human deciduous tooth dental pulp cells with multipotency and non-tumorigenic potential. Int J Mol Sci. 20:49042019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Muneer A and Minhas FA: Telomere biology in mood disorders: An updated, comprehensive review of the literature. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 17:343–363. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Campisi J: Aging, cellular senescence, and cancer. Annu Rev Physiol. 75:685–705. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Kim NW, Piatyszek MA, Prowse KR, Harley CB, West MD, Ho PL, Coviello GM, Wright WE, Weinrich SL and Shay JW: Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer. Science. 266:2011–2015. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Feng J, Funk WD, Wang SS, Weinrich SL, Avilion AA, Chiu CP, Adams RR, Chang E, Allsopp RC, Yu J, et al: The RNA component of human telomerase. Science. 269:1236–1241. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Nakamura TM, Morin GB, Chapman KB, Weinrich SL, Andrews WH, Lingner J, Harley CB and Cech TR: Telomerase catalytic subunit homologs from fission yeast and human. Science. 277:955–959. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Tsang JYS, Hui YK, Lee MA, Lacambra M, Ni YB, Cheung SY, Wu C, Kwong A and Tse GMK: Association of clinicopathological features and prognosis of TERT alterations in phyllodes tumor of breast. Sci Rep. 8:38812018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Mortazavi-Haghighat R, Taghipour-Khiabani K, David S, Kerrigan CL and Philip A: Rapid and dynamic regulation of TGF-beta receptors on blood vessels and fibroblasts during ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 282:C1161–C1169. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

de Pedro N, Díez M, García I, García J, Otero L, Fernandez L, Garcia B, González R, Rincón S, Pérez D, et al: Analytical validation of telomere analysis technology® for the High-throughput analysis of multiple telomere-associated variables. Biol Proced Online. 22:22020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Barthel FP, Wei W, Tang M, Martinez-Ledesma E, Hu X, Amin SB, Akdemir KC, Seth S, Song X, Wang Q, et al: Systematic analysis of telomere length and somatic alterations in 31 cancer types. Nat Genet. 49:349–357. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Jung SJ, Kim DS, Park WJ, Lee H, Choi IJ, Park JY and Lee JH: Mutation of the TERT promoter leads to poor prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett. 14:1609–1614. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Leão R, Apolónio JD, Lee D, Figueiredo A, Tabori U and Castelo-Branco P: Mechanisms of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) regulation: Clinical impacts in cancer. J Biomed Sci. 25:222018. View Article : Google Scholar

28 

da Silva EM, Selenica P, Vahdatinia M, Pareja F, Da Cruz Paula A, Ferrando L, Gazzo AM, Dopeso H, Ross DS, Bakhteri A, et al: TERT promoter hotspot mutations and gene amplification in metaplastic breast cancer. NPJ Breast Cancer. 7:432021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Chen W, Xiong X, Zhou H and Zhou Q: Expression of telomerase activity, telomerase RNA component and telomerase catalytic subunit gene in lung cancer. Chin Med J (Engl). 115:290–292. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

30 

Dobija-Kubica K, Zalewska-Ziob M, Brulinski K, Rogozinski P, Wiczkowski A, Gawrychowska A and Gawrychowski J: Telomerase activity in non-small cell lung cancer. Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol. 13:15–20. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

31 

Liu H, Zhang W, Cai C, Xu J and Xu Y: Telomerase activity in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi. 29:89–91. 2000.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

32 

Yang HZ, Hu CP and Su XL: Detection of telomerase activity level in human non-small-cell lung cancer. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 26:549–550. 2001.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

33 

Chen Q, He J and Yi H: Study on telomerase activity and its clinical value in human non small cell lung cancer. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 26:221–222. 2001.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

34 

Wang J, Liu X, Jiang W and Liang L: Telomerase activity and expression of the telomerase catalytic subunit gene in non-small cell lung cancer: Correlation with decreased apoptosis and clinical prognosis. Chin Med J (Engl). 113:985–990. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

35 

Fernandez-Marcelo T, Gomez A, Pascua I, de Juan C, Head J, Hernando F, Jarabo JR, Calatayud J, Torres-Garcia AJ and Iniesta P: Telomere length and telomerase activity in non-small cell lung cancer prognosis: Clinical usefulness of a specific telomere status. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 34:782015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Hara H, Yamashita K, Shinada J, Yoshimura H and Kameya T: Clinicopathologic significance of telomerase activity and hTERT mRNA expression in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 34:219–226. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Hashim M, Sayed M, Samy N and Elshazly S: Prognostic significance of telomerase activity and some tumor markers in non-small cell lung cancer. Med Oncol. 28:322–330. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Taga S, Osaki T, Ohgami A, Imoto H and Yasumoto K: Prognostic impact of telomerase activity in non-small cell lung cancers. Ann Surg. 230:715–720. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Wu TC, Lin P, Hsu CP, Huang YJ, Chen CY, Chung WC, Lee H and Ko JL: Loss of telomerase activity may be a potential favorable prognostic marker in lung carcinomas. Lung Cancer. 41:163–169. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Hsu CP, Miaw J, Hsia JY, Shai SE and Chen CY: Concordant expression of the telomerase-associated genes in non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol. 29:594–599. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Chen KY, Lee LN, Yu CJ, Lee YC, Kuo SH and Yang PC: Elevation of telomerase activity positively correlates to poor prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett. 240:148–156. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Metzger R, Vallbohmer D, Muller-Tidow C, Higashi H, Bollschweiler E, Warnecke-Eberz U, Brabender J, Baldus SE, Xi H, Berdel WE, et al: Increased human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA expression but not telomerase activity is related to survival in curatively resected non-small cell lung cancer. Anticancer Res. 29:1157–1162. 2009.PubMed/NCBI

43 

Li L, Xiong YY, Liu L, Chen TX, Yao XF and Wang YW: Relationships among expressions of hTERT, MDR1, MRP mRNA, and C-myc protein in non-small cell lung cancer. Ai Zheng. 24:53–57. 2005.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

44 

Ding M, Li X and Qiu T: Combination of multiple gene markers to detect circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with non-small cell lung cancer using real-time PCR. Genet Mol Res. 14:13033–13040. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Zalewska-Ziob M, Dobija-Kubica K, Biernacki K, Adamek B, Kasperczyk J, Brulinski K and Ostrowska Z: Clinical and prognostic value of hTERT mRNA expression in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Acta Biochim Pol. 64:641–646. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Wang J, Liu X and Fang J: Expression and clinical significance of telomerase catalytic subunit gene in lung cancer and its correlations with genes related to drug resistance and apoptosis. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 21:350–353. 1999.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

47 

Cong YS, Wen J and Bacchetti S: The human telomerase catalytic subunit hTERT: Organization of the gene and characterization of the promoter. Hum Mol Genet. 8:137–142. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Heidenreich B and Kumar R: TERT promoter mutations in telomere biology. Mutat Res. 771:15–31. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Stern JL, Theodorescu D, Vogelstein B, Papadopoulos N and Cech TR: Mutation of the TERT promoter, switch to active chromatin, and monoallelic TERT expression in multiple cancers. Genes Dev. 29:2219–2224. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Akincilar SC, Unal B and Tergaonkar V: Reactivation of telomerase in cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci. 73:1659–1670. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Horn S, Figl A, Rachakonda PS, Fischer C, Sucker A, Gast A, Kadel S, Moll I, Nagore E, Hemminki K, et al: TERT promoter mutations in familial and sporadic melanoma. Science. 339:959–961. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Heidenreich B, Rachakonda PS, Hemminki K and Kumar R: TERT promoter mutations in cancer development. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 24:30–37. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Vinagre J, Almeida A, Populo H, Batista R, Lyra J, Pinto V, Coelho R, Celestino R, Prazeres H, Lima L, et al: Frequency of TERT promoter mutations in human cancers. Nat Commun. 4:21852013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

54 

Hsu CP, Hsu NY, Lee LW and Ko JL: Ets2 binding site single nucleotide polymorphism at the hTERT gene promoter-effect on telomerase expression and telomere length maintenance in non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Cancer. 42:1466–1474. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

55 

Ma X, Gong R, Wang R, Pan Y, Cai D, Pan B, Li Y, Xiang J, Li H, Zhang J, et al: Recurrent TERT promoter mutations in non-small cell lung cancers. Lung Cancer. 86:369–373. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

56 

Griewank KG, Murali R, Schilling B, Schimming T, Moller I, Moll I, Schwamborn M, Sucker A, Zimmer L, Schadendorf D and Hillen U: TERT promoter mutations are frequent in cutaneous basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One. 8:e803542013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Killela PJ, Reitman ZJ, Jiao Y, Bettegowda C, Agrawal N, Diaz LA Jr, Friedman AH, Friedman H, Gallia GL, Giovanella BC, et al: TERT promoter mutations occur frequently in gliomas and a subset of tumors derived from cells with low rates of self-renewal. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 110:6021–6026. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Yuan P, Cao JL, Abuduwufuer A, Wang LM, Yuan XS, Lv W and Hu J: Clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of TERT promoter mutations in cancer: A cohort study and a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 11:e01468032016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

59 

Li C, Hao L, Li Y, Wang S, Chen H, Zhang L, Ke B, Yin Y, Suo H, Sun B, et al: Prognostic value analysis of mutational and clinicopathological factors in non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One. 9:e1072762014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

60 

Schwaederle M, Krishnamurthy N, Daniels GA, Piccioni DE, Kesari S, Fanta PT, Schwab RB, Patel SP, Parker BA and Kurzrock R: Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter alterations across cancer types as detected by next-generation sequencing: A clinical and molecular analysis of 423 patients. Cancer. 124:1288–1296. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

61 

Cheng KA, Kurtis B, Babayeva S, Zhuge J, Tantchou I, Cai D, Lafaro RJ, Fallon JT and Zhong M: Heterogeneity of TERT promoter mutations status in squamous cell carcinomas of different anatomical sites. Ann Diagn Pathol. 19:146–148. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

62 

Feuk L, Carson AR and Scherer SW: Structural variation in the human genome. Nat Rev Genet. 7:85–97. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

63 

Yuan P, Huang S, Bao FC, Cao JL, Sheng HX, Shi L, Lv W and Hu J: Discriminating association of a common telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter polymorphism with telomere parameters in non-small cell lung cancer with or without epidermal growth factor receptor mutation. Eur J Cancer. 120:10–19. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

64 

Lewis KA and Tollefsbol TO: Regulation of the telomerase reverse transcriptase subunit through epigenetic mechanisms. Front Genet. 7:832016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

65 

Sarne V, Huter S, Braunmueller S, Rakob L, Jacobi N, Kitzwogerer M, Wiesner C, Obrist P and Seeboeck R: Promoter methylation of selected genes in non-small-cell lung cancer patients and cell lines. Int J Mol Sci. 21:45952020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

66 

Guilleret I, Yan P, Grange F, Braunschweig R, Bosman FT and Benhattar J: Hypermethylation of the human telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT) gene correlates with telomerase activity. Int J Cancer. 101:335–341. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

67 

Devereux TR, Horikawa I, Anna CH, Annab LA, Afshari CA and Barrett JC: DNA methylation analysis of the promoter region of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene. Cancer Res. 59:6087–6090. 1999.PubMed/NCBI

68 

Falkenberg KJ and Johnstone RW: Histone deacetylases and their inhibitors in cancer, neurological diseases and immune disorders. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 13:673–691. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

69 

Mamdani H and Jalal SI: Histone Deacetylase inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer: Hype or Hope? Front Cell Dev Biol. 8:5823702020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

70 

Wu YF, Ou CC, Chien PJ, Chang HY, Ko JL and Wang BY: Chidamide-induced ROS accumulation and miR-129-3p-dependent cell cycle arrest in non-small lung cancer cells. Phytomedicine. 56:94–102. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

71 

Li CT, Hsiao YM, Wu TC, Lin YW, Yeh KT and Ko JL: Vorinostat, SAHA, represses telomerase activity via epigenetic regulation of telomerase reverse transcriptase in non-small cell lung cancer cells. J Cell Biochem. 112:3044–3053. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

72 

Krupitsky EM, Rybakova KV, Skurat EP, Semenova NV and Neznanov NG: A double blind placebo controlled randomized clinical trial of the efficacy and safety of pregabalin in induction of remission in patients with alcohol dependence. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 120:33–43. 2020.(In Russian). View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

73 

Zhu CQ, Cutz JC, Liu N, Lau D, Shepherd FA, Squire JA and Tsao MS: Amplification of telomerase (hTERT) gene is a poor prognostic marker in non-small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer. 94:1452–1459. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

74 

Zhang A, Zheng C, Lindvall C, Hou M, Ekedahl J, Lewensohn R, Yan Z, Yang X, Henriksson M, Blennow E, et al: Frequent amplification of the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene in human tumors. Cancer Res. 60:6230–6235. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

75 

Takuma Y, Nouso K, Kobayashi Y, Nakamura S, Tanaka H, Matsumoto E, Fujikawa T, Suzuki M, Hanafusa T and Shiratori Y: Telomerase reverse transcriptase gene amplification in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 19:1300–1304. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

76 

Zhang A, Zheng C, Hou M, Lindvall C, Wallin KL, Angstrom T, Yang X, Hellstrom AC, Blennow E, Bjorkholm M, et al: Amplification of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene in cervical carcinomas. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 34:269–275. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

77 

Tsuda H, Akiyama F, Terasaki H, Hasegawa T, Kurosumi M, Shimadzu M, Yamamori S and Sakamoto G: Detection of HER-2/neu (c-erb B-2) DNA amplification in primary breast carcinoma. Interobserver reproducibility and correlation with immunohistochemical HER-2 overexpression. Cancer. 92:2965–2974. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

78 

Kang JU, Koo SH, Kwon KC, Park JW and Kim JM: Gain at chromosomal region 5p15.33, containing TERT, is the most frequent genetic event in early stages of non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 182:1–11. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

79 

Alidousty C, Baar T, Martelotto LG, Heydt C, Wagener S, Fassunke J, Duerbaum N, Scheel AH, Frank S, Holz B, et al: Genetic instability and recurrent MYC amplification in ALK-translocated NSCLC: A central role of TP53 mutations. J Pathol. 246:67–76. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

80 

Peifer M, Hertwig F, Roels F, Dreidax D, Gartlgruber M, Menon R, Kramer A, Roncaioli JL, Sand F, Heuckmann JM, et al: Telomerase activation by genomic rearrangements in high-risk neuroblastoma. Nature. 526:700–704. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

81 

Bayard Q, Meunier L, Peneau C, Renault V, Shinde J, Nault JC, Mami I, Couchy G, Amaddeo G, Tubacher E, et al: Cyclin A2/E1 activation defines a hepatocellular carcinoma subclass with a rearrangement signature of replication stress. Nat Commun. 9:52352018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

82 

Kawashima M, Kojima M, Ueda Y, Kurihara S and Hiyama E: Telomere biology including TERT rearrangements in neuroblastoma: A useful indicator for surgical treatments. J Pediatr Surg. 51:2080–2085. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

83 

Mender I, LaRanger R, Luitel K, Peyton M, Girard L, Lai TP, Batten K, Cornelius C, Dalvi MP, Ramirez M, et al: Telomerase-mediated strategy for overcoming non-small cell lung cancer targeted therapy and chemotherapy resistance. Neoplasia. 20:826–837. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

84 

Ward RJ and Autexier C: Pharmacological telomerase inhibition can sensitize drug-resistant and drug-sensitive cells to chemotherapeutic treatment. Mol Pharmacol. 68:779–786. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

85 

Meng E, Taylor B, Ray A, Shevde LA and Rocconi RP: Targeted inhibition of telomerase activity combined with chemotherapy demonstrates synergy in eliminating ovarian cancer spheroid-forming cells. Gynecol Oncol. 124:598–605. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

86 

Zhang G, Wu LW, Mender I, Barzily-Rokni M, Hammond MR, Ope O, Cheng C, Vasilopoulos T, Randell S, Sadek N, et al: Induction of telomere dysfunction prolongs disease control of therapy-resistant melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 24:4771–4784. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

87 

Dikmen ZG, Gellert GC, Jackson S, Gryaznov S, Tressler R, Dogan P, Wright WE and Shay JW: In vivo inhibition of lung cancer by GRN163L: A novel human telomerase inhibitor. Cancer Res. 65:7866–7873. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

88 

Mender I, Gryaznov S, Dikmen ZG, Wright WE and Shay JW: Induction of telomere dysfunction mediated by the telomerase substrate precursor 6-thio-2′-deoxyguanosine. Cancer Discov. 5:82–95. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

89 

Pascolo E, Wenz C, Lingner J, Hauel N, Priepke H, Kauffmann I, Garin-Chesa P, Rettig WJ, Damm K and Schnapp A: Mechanism of human telomerase inhibition by BIBR1532, a synthetic, non-nucleosidic drug candidate. J Biol Chem. 277:15566–15572. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

90 

Liu W, Yin Y, Wang J, Shi B, Zhang L, Qian D, Li C, Zhang H, Wang S, Zhu J, et al: Kras mutations increase telomerase activity and targeting telomerase is a promising therapeutic strategy for Kras-mutant NSCLC. Oncotarget. 8:179–190. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

91 

Ding X, Cheng J, Pang Q, Wei X, Zhang X, Wang P, Yuan Z and Qian D: BIBR1532, a selective telomerase inhibitor, enhances radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer through increasing telomere dysfunction and ATM/CHK1 inhibition. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 105:861–874. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

92 

Webb D, Gagnon MM and Rose T: Metabolic enzyme activities in black bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri) from the Swan-Canning Estuary, Western Australia. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 141:356–365. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

93 

Gellert GC, Dikmen ZG, Wright WE, Gryaznov S and Shay JW: Effects of a novel telomerase inhibitor, GRN163L, in human breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 96:73–81. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

94 

Frink RE, Peyton M, Schiller JH, Gazdar AF, Shay JW and Minna JD: Telomerase inhibitor imetelstat has preclinical activity across the spectrum of non-small cell lung cancer oncogenotypes in a telomere length dependent manner. Oncotarget. 7:31639–31651. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

95 

Herbert BS, Gellert GC, Hochreiter A, Pongracz K, Wright WE, Zielinska D, Chin AC, Harley CB, Shay JW and Gryaznov SM: Lipid modification of GRN163, an N3′-->P5′ thio-phosphoramidate oligonucleotide, enhances the potency of telomerase inhibition. Oncogene. 24:5262–5268. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

96 

Mender I, Senturk S, Ozgunes N, Akcali KC, Kletsas D, Gryaznov S, Can A, Shay JW and Dikmen ZG: Imetelstat (a telomerase antagonist) exerts offtarget effects on the cytoskeleton. Int J Oncol. 42:1709–1715. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

97 

Chiappori AA, Kolevska T, Spigel DR, Hager S, Rarick M, Gadgeel S, Blais N, Von Pawel J, Hart L, Reck M, et al: A randomized phase II study of the telomerase inhibitor imetelstat as maintenance therapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol. 26:354–362. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

98 

Negrini S, De Palma R and Filaci G: Anti-cancer immunotherapies targeting telomerase. Cancers (Basel). 12:22602020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

99 

Brunsvig PF, Kyte JA, Kersten C, Sundstrom S, Moller M, Nyakas M, Hansen GL, Gaudernack G and Aamdal S: Telomerase peptide vaccination in NSCLC: A phase II trial in stage III patients vaccinated after chemoradiotherapy and an 8-year update on a phase I/II trial. Clin Cancer Res. 17:6847–6857. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

100 

Relitti N, Saraswati AP, Federico S, Khan T, Brindisi M, Zisterer D, Brogi S, Gemma S, Butini S and Campiani G: Telomerase-based cancer therapeutics: A review on their clinical trials. Curr Top Med Chem. 20:433–457. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

101 

Brunsvig PF, Aamdal S, Gjertsen MK, Kvalheim G, Markowski-Grimsrud CJ, Sve I, Dyrhaug M, Trachsel S, Moller M, Eriksen JA, et al: Telomerase peptide vaccination: A phase I/II study in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 55:1553–1564. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

102 

Hansen GL, Gaudernack G, Brunsvig PF, Cvancarova M and Kyte JA: Immunological factors influencing clinical outcome in lung cancer patients after telomerase peptide vaccination. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 64:1609–1621. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

103 

Vetsika EK, Konsolakis G, Aggouraki D, Kotsakis A, Papadimitraki E, Christou S, Menez-Jamet J, Kosmatopoulos K, Georgoulias V and Mavroudis D: Immunological responses in cancer patients after vaccination with the therapeutic telomerase-specific vaccine Vx-001. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 61:157–168. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

104 

Kotsakis A, Papadimitraki E, Vetsika EK, Aggouraki D, Dermitzaki EK, Hatzidaki D, Kentepozidis N, Mavroudis D and Georgoulias V: A phase II trial evaluating the clinical and immunologic response of HLA-A2(+) non-small cell lung cancer patients vaccinated with an hTERT cryptic peptide. Lung Cancer. 86:59–66. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

105 

Bolonaki I, Kotsakis A, Papadimitraki E, Aggouraki D, Konsolakis G, Vagia A, Christophylakis C, Nikoloudi I, Magganas E, Galanis A, et al: Vaccination of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with an optimized cryptic human telomerase reverse transcriptase peptide. J Clin Oncol. 25:2727–2734. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

106 

Gridelli C, Ciuleanu T, Domine M, Szczesna A, Bover I, Cobo M, Kentepozidis N, Zarogoulidis K, Kalofonos C, Kazarnowisz A, et al: Clinical activity of a htert (vx-001) cancer vaccine as post-chemotherapy maintenance immunotherapy in patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer: Final results of a randomised phase 2 clinical trial. Br J Cancer. 122:1461–1466. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

107 

Yuan X, Larsson C and Xu D: Mechanisms underlying the activation of TERT transcription and telomerase activity in human cancer: Old actors and new players. Oncogene. 38:6172–6183. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

108 

Lantuejoul S, Soria JC, Moro-Sibilot D, Morat L, Veyrenc S, Lorimier P, Brichon PY, Sabatier L, Brambilla C and Brambilla E: Differential expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in lung tumours. Br J Cancer. 90:1222–1229. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

109 

Marchetti A, Bertacca G, Buttitta F, Chella A, Quattrocolo G, Angeletti CA and Bevilacqua G: Telomerase activity as a prognostic indicator in stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 5:2077–2081. 1999.PubMed/NCBI

110 

Tang H, Wang H, Cheng X, Fan X, Yang F, Zhang M, Chen Y, Tian Y, Liu C, Shao D, et al: HuR regulates telomerase activity through TERC methylation. Nat Commun. 9:22132018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

111 

Baena-Del Valle JA, Zheng Q, Esopi DM, Rubenstein M, Hubbard GK, Moncaliano MC, Hruszkewycz A, Vaghasia A, Yegnasubramanian S, Wheelan SJ, et al: MYC drives overexpression of telomerase RNA (hTR/TERC) in prostate cancer. J Pathol. 244:11–24. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

112 

Bellutti F, Tigan AS, Nebenfuehr S, Dolezal M, Zojer M, Grausenburger R, Hartenberger S, Kollmann S, Doma E, Prchal-Murphy M, et al: CDK6 antagonizes p53-induced responses during tumorigenesis. Cancer Discov. 8:884–897. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

113 

Wu XQ, Huang C, He X, Tian YY, Zhou DX, He Y, Liu XH and Li J: Feedback regulation of telomerase reverse transcriptase: New insight into the evolving field of telomerase in cancer. Cell Signal. 25:2462–2468. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

114 

Chen W, Lu J, Qin Y, Wang J, Tian Y, Shi D, Wang S, Xiao Y, Dai M, Liu L, et al: Ret finger protein-like 3 promotes tumor cell growth by activating telomerase reverse transcriptase expression in human lung cancer cells. Oncotarget. 5:11909–11923. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

115 

Lin C, Qin Y, Zhang H, Gao MY and Wang YF: EGF upregulates RFPL3 and hTERT via the MEK signaling pathway in nonsmall cell lung cancer cells. Oncol Rep. 40:29–38. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

116 

Guo W, Lu J, Dai M, Wu T, Yu Z, Wang J, Chen W, Shi D, Yu W, Xiao Y, et al: Transcriptional coactivator CBP upregulates hTERT expression and tumor growth and predicts poor prognosis in human lung cancers. Oncotarget. 5:9349–9361. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

117 

Wang F, Fu P, Pang Y, Liu C, Shao Z, Zhu J, Li J, Wang T, Zhang X and Liu J: TERT rs2736100T/G polymorphism upregulates interleukin 6 expression in non-small cell lung cancer especially in adenocarcinoma. Tumour Biol. 35:4667–4672. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

118 

Maniwa Y, Yoshimura M, Obayashi C, Inaba M, Kiyooka K, Kanki M and Okita Y: Association of p53 gene mutation and telomerase activity in resectable non-small cell lung cancer. Chest. 120:589–594. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

119 

Kiyooka K, Maniwa Y and Okada M: Analysis of mutant p53 and telomerase activity in non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 5:293–299. 1999.PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yang L, Li N, Wang M, Zhang Y, Yan L, Zhou W, Yu Z, Peng X and Cai J: Tumorigenic effect of <em>TERT</em> and its potential therapeutic target in NSCLC (Review). Oncol Rep 46: 182, 2021.
APA
Yang, L., Li, N., Wang, M., Zhang, Y., Yan, L., Zhou, W. ... Cai, J. (2021). Tumorigenic effect of <em>TERT</em> and its potential therapeutic target in NSCLC (Review). Oncology Reports, 46, 182. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8133
MLA
Yang, L., Li, N., Wang, M., Zhang, Y., Yan, L., Zhou, W., Yu, Z., Peng, X., Cai, J."Tumorigenic effect of <em>TERT</em> and its potential therapeutic target in NSCLC (Review)". Oncology Reports 46.2 (2021): 182.
Chicago
Yang, L., Li, N., Wang, M., Zhang, Y., Yan, L., Zhou, W., Yu, Z., Peng, X., Cai, J."Tumorigenic effect of <em>TERT</em> and its potential therapeutic target in NSCLC (Review)". Oncology Reports 46, no. 2 (2021): 182. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8133
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yang L, Li N, Wang M, Zhang Y, Yan L, Zhou W, Yu Z, Peng X and Cai J: Tumorigenic effect of <em>TERT</em> and its potential therapeutic target in NSCLC (Review). Oncol Rep 46: 182, 2021.
APA
Yang, L., Li, N., Wang, M., Zhang, Y., Yan, L., Zhou, W. ... Cai, J. (2021). Tumorigenic effect of <em>TERT</em> and its potential therapeutic target in NSCLC (Review). Oncology Reports, 46, 182. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8133
MLA
Yang, L., Li, N., Wang, M., Zhang, Y., Yan, L., Zhou, W., Yu, Z., Peng, X., Cai, J."Tumorigenic effect of <em>TERT</em> and its potential therapeutic target in NSCLC (Review)". Oncology Reports 46.2 (2021): 182.
Chicago
Yang, L., Li, N., Wang, M., Zhang, Y., Yan, L., Zhou, W., Yu, Z., Peng, X., Cai, J."Tumorigenic effect of <em>TERT</em> and its potential therapeutic target in NSCLC (Review)". Oncology Reports 46, no. 2 (2021): 182. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8133
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team