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PIWI‑interacting RNA in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible clinical implications (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Chao Yuan
    • Hao Qin
    • Murugavel Ponnusamy
    • Yong Chen
    • Zhijuan Lin
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Basic Medicine, Key Lab for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, Immunology Lab, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China, Department of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China, Department of Basic Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
  • Article Number: 209
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    Published online on: July 29, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8160
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Abstract

PIWI‑interacting RNA is a class of non‑coding small RNA that is ~30 nt long and is primarily found in mammalian germ cells from mice and humans. In cooperation with the members of PIWI protein family, this macromolecule participates in germ cell development, inhibits DNA self‑­replication and maintains genomic stability. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that PIWI‑interacting RNA (piRNAs) are abnormally expressed in various human cancers, such as liver cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, osteosarcoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, etc. piRNAs abnormal expression is also associated with the occurrence and development of human cancers, such as liver cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, etc. Despite their unclear molecular mechanisms, piRNAs may act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors by interacting with multiple cancer‑related signal pathways including STAT3/Bcl‑xl or coding genes, such as heat shock transcription factor‑1. Hence, piRNAs may be potential markers and targets and provide new opportunities for cancer diagnosis, treatment or prognosis monitoring. The current review mainly aims to highlight the latest research progress made in the biological functions and regulation of piRNAs in mammals, their involvement in various cancer forms and their potential clinical applications.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yuan C, Qin H, Ponnusamy M, Chen Y and Lin Z: PIWI‑interacting RNA in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible clinical implications (Review). Oncol Rep 46: 209, 2021.
APA
Yuan, C., Qin, H., Ponnusamy, M., Chen, Y., & Lin, Z. (2021). PIWI‑interacting RNA in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible clinical implications (Review). Oncology Reports, 46, 209. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8160
MLA
Yuan, C., Qin, H., Ponnusamy, M., Chen, Y., Lin, Z."PIWI‑interacting RNA in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible clinical implications (Review)". Oncology Reports 46.3 (2021): 209.
Chicago
Yuan, C., Qin, H., Ponnusamy, M., Chen, Y., Lin, Z."PIWI‑interacting RNA in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible clinical implications (Review)". Oncology Reports 46, no. 3 (2021): 209. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8160
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yuan C, Qin H, Ponnusamy M, Chen Y and Lin Z: PIWI‑interacting RNA in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible clinical implications (Review). Oncol Rep 46: 209, 2021.
APA
Yuan, C., Qin, H., Ponnusamy, M., Chen, Y., & Lin, Z. (2021). PIWI‑interacting RNA in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible clinical implications (Review). Oncology Reports, 46, 209. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8160
MLA
Yuan, C., Qin, H., Ponnusamy, M., Chen, Y., Lin, Z."PIWI‑interacting RNA in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible clinical implications (Review)". Oncology Reports 46.3 (2021): 209.
Chicago
Yuan, C., Qin, H., Ponnusamy, M., Chen, Y., Lin, Z."PIWI‑interacting RNA in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible clinical implications (Review)". Oncology Reports 46, no. 3 (2021): 209. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8160
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